9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

766
few, similar to basal leaves, sessile. Synflorescence an irregular
flat-topped panicle. Capitula 5–12; peduncle 6–8 cm, not thickened.
Involucre campanulate, 4–7 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 4
rows, scarious margin narrow, outer phyllaries lanceolate, ca.
1.5 mm, inner ones narrowly linear-elliptic, 3–5 mm. Ray florets
yellow. Achenes ca. 2 mm. Corona 0.2–0.4 mm, lobed or
serrate. Fl. and fr. Jun–Aug.
Rocky slopes, moist places on mountain slopes; 1100–2100 m.
Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Russia].
6. Tanacetum scopulorum (Krascheninnikov) Tzvelev in
Schischkin & Bobrov, Fl. URSS 26: 342. 1961.
岩菊蒿 yan ju hao
Pyrethrum scopulorum Krascheninnikov, Bot. Mater.
Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 9: 164. 1946;
Lepidolopsis scopulorum (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Herbs, perennial, to 35 cm tall, with branched rhizomes;
stems solitary or clustered, upper parts shortly corymbosely
branched, densely or sparsely pilose with T-shaped and simple
hairs. Basal leaves: petioles to 2 cm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic
or elliptic, 4–8 × 1–2 cm, inconspicuously 3-pinnatisect, both
surfaces green or pale gray-green, pilose; primary lateral
segments 8–10-paired; ultimate segments ovate-lanceolate or
obliquely triangular. Stem leaves few, sessile. Synflorescence a
flat-topped cyme. Capitula 3–6; peduncle 1–8 cm. Involucre
campanulate, 7–10 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 4 rows, abaxially
villous or pubescent, outer phyllaries lanceolate, ca. 2.5 mm,
apex white scarious-ampliate, middle and inner ones elliptic to
linear-elliptic, 3–5 mm. Ray florets yellow, apex 3- or 4-denticulate.
Achenes 2–2.3 mm. Corona 0.2–0.3 mm, margin serrate.
Fl. and fr. Jul–Aug.
Mountain slopes; ca. 700 m. Xinjiang (Altay Shan) [Kazakhstan].
7. Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Treviranus) Schultz Bipontinus,
Tanaceteen, 58. 1844.
除虫菊 chu chong ju
Pyrethrum cinerariifolium Treviranus, Index Sem. Hort.
Bot. Wratislav. App. 2: 2. 1820; Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium
(Treviranus) Visiani.
Herbs, perennial; stems 17–60 cm tall, solitary or fascicled,
unbranched or branched from base, pubescent with appressed
T-shaped or furcate hairs. Basal leaves: petiole 10–20
cm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic, 1.5–4 × 1–2 cm, both surfaces
silvery grayish, appressed pubescent with T-shaped and furcate
hairs, 2-pinnatisect; primary segments 3–5-paired; ultimate
segments linear or oblong-ovate, margin entire or few dentate.
Lower and middle leaves similar, large, shortly petiolate.
Capitula apically solitary or 3–10 in apical lax corymb. Involucre
cup-shaped, 1.2–1.5 cm in diam.; phyllaries in 4 rows, abaxially
pubescent especially in outer ones, outer ones lanceolate,
ca. 4 mm, middle and inner ones lanceolate to broadly linear,
5–6 mm, margin narrowly white scarious. Ray florets white;
lamina 1.2–1.5 cm, apex truncate or emarginate. Achenes 2.5–
3.5 mm. Corona 0.8–1.5 mm, margin shallowly lobed. Fl. and
fr. May–Aug. 2n = 18*, 24, 27, 29, 31, 34, 36.
ANTHEMIDEAE
Widely cultivated. Anhui, Guizhou, Hebei, Liaoning, Zhejiang
[native to SE Europe; now widely cultivated].
Tanacetum cinerariifolium is widely cultivated, mainly in tropical
upland regions, as a source of pyrethrins, which are extracted from the
dried capitula and used as insecticides. Pyrethroids are important insecticides
obtained by the chemical modification of pyrethrins.
8. Tanacetum coccineum (Willdenow) Grierson, Notes Roy.
Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 262. 1974.
红花除虫菊 hong hua chu chong ju
Chrysanthemum coccineum Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 2144.
1803; C. marschallii Ascherson; Pyrethrum coccineum (Willdenow)
Voroschilov.
Herbs, perennial; stems 25–50 cm tall, erect, solitary,
unbranched or few branched from base, subglabrous. Basal
leaves: petiole 2–10 cm; leaf blade ovate or narrowly elliptic,
4–8 × 2.5–4 cm, 2-pinnatisect, both surfaces sparsely pubescent
or glabrous; primary lateral segments 5-paired; ultimate segments
triangular, elliptic, or narrowly elliptic. Stem leaves
similar, sessile or shortly petiolate; leaves below capitula small,
pinnatifid or entire. Capitula solitary, terminal. Involucre cupshaped,
1–1.5 cm in diam.; phyllaries in 4 rows, scarious margin
brown, outer phyllaries lanceolate, ca. 3.5 mm, abaxially
glabrous or sparsely pubescent, middle and inner ones narrowly
elliptic or linear-oblanceolate, ca. 5 mm, abaxially glabrous.
Ray florets red; lamina narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.6 cm, apex 2- or
3-denticulate. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm. Corona 0.1–0.2 mm, margin
shallowly obtusely lobed. Fl. and fr. May–Oct. 2n = 36.
Cultivated. Anhui, Hebei [native to SW Asia (Caucasus)].
Tanacetum coccineum is used as an insecticide in the same way as
T. cinerariifolium and is also grown as an ornamental.
9. Tanacetum petraeum (C. Shih) K. Bremer & Humphries,
Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 23: 103. 1993 [“petrareum”].
岩匹菊 yan pi ju
Pyrethrum petraeum C. Shih, Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest.
Inst., Harbin 6: 10. 1980 [“petrareum”].
Subshrubs, ca. 35 cm tall; old branches gray; young
branches turning purple-red, sparsely pubescent or glabrous.
Lower leaves: petiole ca. 1.5 cm; leaf blade ovate, obovate, or
oblanceolate, 2–4 × 1.4–2.5 cm, 2-pinnatipartite, both surfaces
glabrous; primary lateral lobes 2- or 3-paired; ultimate lateral
lobes 1-paired, obliquely triangular. Distal leaves pinnatifid,
small. Synflorescence an irregular flat-topped cyme with 1–3
capitula. Involucre coryliform, 15–20 mm in diam.; phyllaries
in 4 rows, abaxially densely pubescent to glabrescent or glabrous,
scarious margin dark brown or brown, outer phyllaries
narrowly oblanceolate-elliptic, ca. 6 mm, middle and inner ones
lanceolate-triangular or elliptic, 7–8 mm, middle ones glabrescent,
inner ones glabrous. Ray florets pink; lamina narrowly elliptic,
ca. 2 cm, apex 2-denticulate. Achenes ca. 2 mm. Corona
0.1–0.2 mm, divided 1/2 length or to base. Fl. and fr. Aug.
● On rocks of mountain slopes; 1800–2600 m. Xinjiang (Fuyun).