9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

Herbs, perennial, (4–)18–60 cm tall, with procumbent
slender rhizomes; stems erect, unbranched or upper parts few
branched, usually with sterile branches at leaf axils, striate, conspicuously
lanate-villous. Basal stem leaves petiolate or subsessile;
leaf blade linear-oblong, linear-lanceolate, or linear-oblanceolate,
(2 or)3-pinnatisect, abaxially densely villous, adaxially
sparsely villous; primary segments many, 1–1.5 mm apart; ultimate
segments linear to lanceolate, 0.5–2 mm, apex cartilaginous-mucronulate;
middle and upper stem leaves similar, sessile,
progressively smaller. Synflorescence a dense, rarely lax,
flat-topped panicle. Capitula many. Involucre oblong, 4–5 ×
2.5–3 mm; phyllaries in 3 or 4 rows, ovate or oblong to lanceolate,
1.5–4 × 0.8–1.5 mm, scarious, midvein yellow-green, convex,
margin brown or brownish. Paleae oblong-lanceolate,
scarious, margin hyaline, sparsely pilose in upper part. Ray florets
5; lamina pink or violet-red, rarely turning white, suborbicular,
2–2.5 × 2–2.2 mm. Disk florets tubular, 5-lobed. Achenes
oblong-cuneate, 2–2.2 mm, with lateral ribs. Corona absent. Fl.
and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 18, 36.
Grasslands on mountain slopes, moist forest margins, by rivers;
600–2600 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang
[Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia].
4. Achillea acuminata (Ledebour) Schultz Bipontinus, Flora
38: 15. 1855.
齿叶蓍 chi ye shi
Ptarmica acuminata Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 2: 529. 1845;
Achillea ptarmica Linnaeus var. acuminata (Ledebour) Heimerl;
A. ptarmica var. angustifolia Heimerl.
Herbs, perennial, 30–100 cm tall; stems solitary, erect,
corymbosely branched, lower part glabrous, upper part densely
pubescent. Basal and lower stem leaves withered by anthesis.
Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,
3–8(–11) × 0.4–0.9 cm, both surfaces pubescent at first,
glabrescent or pubescent along veins abaxially, base slightly
attenuate, margin double-serrulate, apex acuminate. Synflorescence
a lax terminal flat-topped panicle. Capitula rather many.
Involucres hemispheric, ca. 5 × 9 mm; phyllaries in 3 rows,
scarious margin broad, yellowish or brownish, outer short,
ovate-oblong, apex acute, inner ones oblong, apex rounded.
Paleae similar to phyllaries, upper part and apex yellow villous.
Ray florets 10–23; lamina white, 3–8 × 2.5–5.5 mm, apex 3-crenate.
Disk florets white, tubular. Achenes oblanceolate, 2.5–3 ×
ca. 1.5 mm, with white lateral ribs. Corona absent. Fl. and fr.
Jul–Aug.
Moist places on mountain slopes, meadows, forest margins; 500–
2900 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai,
Shaanxi, Shanxi [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
5. Achillea salicifolia Besser, Catal. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec,
Suppl. 1: 3. 1812.
柳叶蓍 liu ye shi
Herbs, perennial, 36–90 cm tall, with short rhizomes; stems
erect, upper parts corymbosely branched, striate, densely pubescent
with curved hairs, lower part sometimes glabrescent.
Basal stem leaves withered by anthesis. Middle stem leaves sessile;
leaf blade linear-lanceolate, 1.5–6 × 0.3–0.6 cm, both sur-
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faces densely pubescent, depressed gland-dotted, base attenuate,
margin double-serrulate, apex acuminate. Upper stem leaves
gradually smaller. Synflorescence a flat-topped panicle. Capitula
many. Involucres hemispheric, 3–4 mm in diam.; phyllaries
in 3 rows, broadly lanceolate, 1.2–1.5 mm, abaxially densely
pubescent, scarious margin yellowish or brown, midvein convex.
Paleae similar to phyllaries. Ray florets ca. 8; lamina
white, broadly elliptic, 3.2–3.5 × 3–3.8 mm, apex 2-crenate.
Disk florets ca. 2.5 mm, 5-lobed. Achenes oblanceolate, ca. 1.8
× 1 mm, with white lateral ribs, sometimes 1-ribbed abaxially.
Corona absent. Fl. and fr. Aug–Sep. 2n = 18, 36.
Forest understories along rivers and marshes, moist grasslands;
500–1200 m. Shaanxi, Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Russia; Europe].
6. Achillea impatiens Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 898. 1753.
褐苞蓍 he bao shi
Achillea impatiens subsp. euimpatiens Heimerl; Ptarmica
impatiens (Linnaeus) Candolle.
Herbs, perennial, 40–60 cm tall, with short rhizomes; stem
erect, few branched in upper part, pubescent above middle.
Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade lanceolate, 1.5–4.5 × 0.3–
0.9 cm, both surfaces sparsely pilose; rachis 1–2 mm wide, segments
linear-lanceolate, margin entire, minutely serrulate or
with 1 or 2 teeth on one side, apex acute. Upper stem leaves
similar, gradually smaller. Synflorescence a terminal flat-topped
cyme. Capitula 5–8 or more. Involucre hemispheric, 5–7 mm in
diam.; phyllaries in 3 rows, broadly lanceolate, 3.5–4.5 × ca.
1.8 mm, abaxially sparsely villous, margin scarious, midvein
convex, red-brown or deep brown. Paleae lanceolate, apex
sparsely villous. Ray florets 8; lamina white, broadly elliptic,
apex 3-crenate. Disk florets white, tubular. Achenes oblanceolate,
ca. 2.5 × 1.3 mm, with winged lateral ribs. Corona absent.
Fl. and fr. Jul–Aug. 2n = 18.
Forest margins, riverbanks; 1500–2000 m. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan,
Mongolia, Russia].
7. Achillea ledebourii Heimerl, Flora 66: 389. 1883 [“ledebouri”].
阿尔泰蓍 a er tai shi
Achillea impatiens Linnaeus subsp. ledebourii (Heimerl)
Heimerl.
Herbs, perennial, ca. 40 cm tall, with long slender rhizomes;
stems erect, corymbosely branched in upper part, pilose
above middle. Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade lanceolate,
1.5–4 × 0.5–0.9 cm, pinnatilobed to pinnatisect or pinnatipartite,
both surfaces sparsely villous, rachis 1.5–3 mm wide; lobes
or segments linear-lanceolate, basal ones large, margin minutely
serrulate, sometimes 1-dentate on one side, apex acuminate or
acute. Synflorescence a terminal, clustered, flat-topped cyme.
Capitula 3–5. Involucres hemispheric, 5–6 mm in diam.; phyllaries
in 3 rows, ovate or broadly elliptic, 3–5.2 × 2–3 mm,
scarious margin broad, midvein deep brown, convex. Paleae
brown, lanceolate-elliptic, 4–5 × ca. 1.5 mm, scarious, apex
sparsely white villous. Ray florets 8; lamina white, broadly
elliptic, apex 3-crenate. Disk florets white, tubular. Achenes
broadly lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, with white lateral ribs. Corona
absent. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep.