9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

762
Forest understories; 2200–2500 m. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Russia].
8. Achillea alpina Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 899. 1753.
高山蓍 gao shan shi
Achillea mongolica Fischer ex Sprengel; A. sibirica Ledebour;
A. sibirica subsp. mongolica (Fischer ex Sprengel) Heimerl;
A. sinensis Heimerl; Ptarmica mongolica (Fischer ex
Sprengel) Candolle; P. sibirica (Ledebour) Ledebour.
Herbs, perennial, 30–80 cm tall, with short rhizomes; stems
erect, branched in upper part, usually with sterile branches at
leaf axils above middle, sparsely or densely pilose. Basal stem
leaves withered by anthesis. Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf
blade linear-lanceolate, 6–10 × 0.7–1.7 cm, pectinately pinnatilobed
or pinnatipartite, abaxially densely villous, adaxially
sparsely villous; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, basally amplexicaul,
margin unequally serrulate, apex acute; upper stem
leaves similar, progressively smaller. Synflorescence a dense
terminal flat-topped panicle. Capitula many. Involucres broadly
oblong or subglobose, (4–)5–7 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 3
rows, broadly lanceolate to elliptic, 2–4 × 1.2–2 mm, abaxially
sparsely villous, scarious margin brown, midvein convex. Paleae
similar to phyllaries. Ray florets 6–8; lamina white, broadly elliptic,
apex 3-denticulate. Disk florets white, 5-lobed. Achenes
broadly oblanceolate, ca. 2 × 1.1 mm, with white lateral ribs,
sometimes 1- or 2-ribbed abaxially. Corona absent. Fl. and fr.
Jul–Sep. 2n = 36.
Grasslands on mountain slopes, forest margins, under thickets,
meadows, river valleys; 800–2400 m. Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang,
Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi,
Sichuan, Yunnan [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia].
9. Achillea ptarmicoides Maximowicz, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci.
St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 154. 1859.
短瓣蓍 duan ban shi
Achillea sibirica Ledebour var. discoidea Regel; A. sibirica
subsp. ptarmicoides (Maximowicz) Heimerl; A. sibirica var.
ptarmicoides (Maximowicz) Makino; Ptarmica ptarmicoides
(Maximowicz) Voroschilov.
Herbs, perennial, 70–100 cm tall, with short rhizomes;
stems erect, usually unbranched, middle leaf axils with sterile
branches, sparsely white pilose. Basal stem leaves withered by
anthesis. Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade linear or linearlanceolate,
6–8 × 0.5–0.7 cm, pectinately pinnatipartite or subpinnatisect,
abaxially sparsely pilose, adaxially densely pilose,
densely glandular punctuate; pinnae linear, margin irregularly
serrulate, apex acute. Upper stem leaves similar, gradually
smaller. Synflorescence a dense terminal flat-topped panicle.
Capitula many. Involucres campanulate, 5–6 × 3.5–4 mm; phyllaries
in 3 rows, scarious margin yellowish or brownish, outer
phyllaries ovate, 1.5–2 × 1.2–1.5 mm, apex somewhat acute,
middle ones elliptic, ca. 2.8 × 1.5 mm, apex obtuse, inner ones
oblong, ca. 3.2 × 2 mm. Paleae similar to phyllaries. Ray florets
6–8; lamina yellowish white, broadly elliptic, very small, 0.8–
1.5 × ca. 1.1 mm, apex 3-crenate. Disk florets white, tubular,
5-lobed. Achenes oblong or broadly oblanceolate, ca. 2.2 × 1.2
mm, with white lateral ribs. Corona absent. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep.
ANTHEMIDEAE
River valleys, meadows, mountain slopes, under thickets; 200–
400 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol [Japan, Korea,
Mongolia, Russia].
10. Achillea wilsoniana (Heimerl ex Handel-Mazzetti) Heimerl
in Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 1110. 1936.
云南蓍 yun nan shi
Achillea sibirica Ledebour subsp. wilsoniana Heimerl ex
Handel-Mazzetti, Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss.
Cl., Abt. 1, 61: 22. 1924; A. wilsoniana f. obconica
Heimerl.
Herbs, perennial, with short rhizomes. Stems erect, 35–
100 cm tall, densely villous above middle, glabrescent in lower
part, usually corymbosely branched, with sterile branches at leaf
axils in upper part. Proximal stem leaves withered by anthesis.
Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade oblong, 4–6.5 × 1–2 cm,
abaxially sparsely pilose, adaxially densely pilose, 2-pinnatisect;
primary segments many, close together, elliptic-lanceolate,
5–10 × 2–4 mm; secondary segments few, lanceolate, proximal
ones large, distal ones small; rachis ca. 1.5 mm wide, margin
entire or dentate. Capitula many, in an apical compound corymb.
Involucres broadly campanulate or hemispheric, 4–6 mm
in diam.; phyllaries in 3 rows, overlapping, outer ovate-lanceolate,
short, ca. 2.3 × 1.2 mm, apex slightly acute, middle ones
ovate-elliptic, ca. 2.5 × 1.8 mm, inner ones long elliptic, ca. 4 ×
1.8 mm, apex obtuse or rounded; midvein convex. Paleae lanceolate,
ca. 4.5 mm, sparsely villous in upper part. Ray florets
6–8(–16); lamina white, occasionally with pinkish margin, ca.
2.2 × 2.2 mm, apex deeply or shallowly 3-denticulate. Disk florets
yellowish or white, tubular. Achenes oblong-cuneate, ca.
2.5 × 1.1 mm, with winged lateral ribs. Pappus absent. Fl. and
fr. Jul–Sep.
● Grasslands on mountain slopes, under thickets; 400–3700 m.
Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.
The entire plant is used in medicines to stop bleeding, to alleviate
pain, and for strengthening the stomach.
11. Achillea nobilis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 899. 1753.
壮观蓍 zhuang guan shi
Herbs, perennial, (15–)25–35(–50) cm tall, with short
rhizomes; stems few, erect or slightly ascending, simple or
branched near top, ± densely lanate-floccose, densely leafy.
Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade ovate or oblong-elliptic,
(2–)3–6 cm, 2-pinnatisect, lanate-floccose; primary segments
few, distant especially toward base, linear, 10–15 mm; secondary
segments lanceolate or linear, pinnatifid, lobules lanceolate,
0.5–1(–2) mm. Synflorescence a dense, terminal, rounded panicle.
Capitula many. Involucre ovoid, less often cylindric-ovoid,
1.5–2(–2.5) mm in diam.; phyllaries keeled, pale, scarious margin
narrow, usually white. Paleae white, membranous, lanceolate,
slightly shorter than floret. Ray floret lamina white or yellowish
white, orbicular-reniform to semicircular, (0.6–)1–
1.6(–1.9) mm, apex truncate, unequally 3-toothed. Achenes oblong,
ca. 1 mm.
Open grasslands, forest margins, naturalizing in disturbed sites.
Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan; SW Asia (Caucasus, Turkey),
C and S Europe].