The Modern Louisiana Maneuvers - US Army Center Of Military History

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30 January 1995-The ADO issues the Army Digitization Master Plan, stipulating that it is to be a living document that will be updated annually. 53 February 1995-The Army submits a report to Congress, prepared by the ADO, on Army Digitization in response to requirements specified in the FY 95 National Defense Authorization Act 54 31 March 1995-Mr. Decker, ASA(RDA) , approves the Army Technical Information Architecture for implementation. 55 April 1995-Army Science Board 1994 Summer Study Final Report on Technical Information Architecture for Army Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence is published 56 May 1995-MG Rigby publishes an article in Army magazine detailing the Army's efforts to digitize its experimental force for the Force XXI AWEs.57 124 19 June 1995-Mr. Decker, as AAE, issues a policy memorandum on Army Digitization standards, enj oining on all involved in acquisition adherence to the standards spelled out in his 31 March 1995 memorandum approving the Army Technical Information Architecture 5S 29 November 1995-The General Accounting Office (GAO) issues a report criticizing the Army's plan to digitize the battlefield as expensive, containing many risks, and lacking specific, measurable goals for the series of large-scale experiments that are to be conducted for Force XXI,5s 7 December 1995-The ADO forwards a proposed response to the GAO report to the AAE for his approval and forwarding to the Under Secretary of the Army for signature and dispatch to the GAO. The response largely rebuts the GAO's allegations that connoted sloppiness or poor deSign, supervision, or evaluation of the Army's digitization and experimentation plans 60 The Modern Louisiana Maneuvers
I Interview, GEN (Ret.) Frederick M. Franks with Yarrison, 18 February 1997, pp. 24-25. Copies of all unpublished references, unless otherwise noted, are in the historian's files. 2 John L. Romjue, American Army Doctrine Jor the Post-Cold War. (Fort Monroe, VA , U.S. Army TRADOC Military History Office, 1996), pp. 73-74. Romjue cites (n. 36) and discusses Message , CG TRADOC to CAC and other commanders cited, 312240Z Mar 92, sub: Battle Space Command and Control. 3 Interview, COL (Ret.) John Klevecz with Dr. Susan Canedy, 16 July 1996, p. 7. 4 Message, GEN Franks to distribution, 271530Z Aug 92, sub : Commander's Intent: Battle Labs. 5 George H. Del Carlo, "A Glimpse of the Digitized Battlefield at The National Training Center," Landpower Essay Series, No. 93-7 (Arlington, VA : AUSA Institute of Land Warfare, 1993), pp. 1-2. Interview, Franks with Yarrison, 18 February 1997, pp. 24-26. Franks's letter to Mountcastle, 23 February 1998, loco cit. In all those places and in Tom Clancy with Franks, Into the Storm: A Study in Command (pp. 509-51 0), Franks particularly notes the importance of his conversations, beginning at the NTC, with the platoon sergeant of the M lA2 platoon, then-SFC Philip Johndrow, and how those discussions opened his eyes to the possibilities for nearly every aspect of future warfare inherent in an accurate, common relevant picture of the battlefield. 6 Read-ahead packet for LAM Board of Directors, First Meeting, 14 October 1992, for the issue statement. Also, Message , Sullivan to distribution, 191223Z Oct 92, sub: Louisiana Maneuvers Board of Directors Meeting, 14 Oct 92; in LAM TF Files, Box5, File 4-2. 7 John W Cranston, U.S. Army Armor Center and Fort Knox Annual Command History, 1 January 1993 to 31 December 1993, pp. 63-64, for discussions of the experiment. See also John C. Johnston, "The Journey to Force XXI's Mounted Component," Armor, CIII:2 (March-April 1994), 14-16. 8 Headquarters, Department of the Army Concept Paper on Horizontal Technology Integration (HTI), 8 November 1993, enclosure to Memorandum for See Distribution, from MG Garner and MG Hite, 8 November 1993, sub : Horizontal Technology Integration (HTI) Concept Paper. 9 Message, DCG SigCen, to TRADOC Commandants and Cdrs and PEOs, 171928Z Mar 93, sub: Brigade and Below Data Distribution. 10 CSA Notes to LAM '93 War fighting Issues pages and other briefing slides from BoD II handouts and results, 3/5 March 1993. II Memorandum from GEN Reimer to Cdr, TRADOC, 11 March 1993, sub: Horizontal Technol- Appendixes Notes ogy Integration (HTI) . Memorandum from GEN Reimer to DCSOPS, 11 March 1993, same subject. SARD-SI Information Paper, 10 June 1993, sub: Interoperability of the Digital Battlefield. 12 Message, DCG SigCen, to TRADOC Commandants and Cdrs and PEs, 171928Z Mar 93, sub: Brigade and Below Data Distribution. 13 Message, GEN Franks personal for GEN Sullivan, 061533Z Apr 93, sub : Advanced Warfighting Demo of Battlefield Synchronization (AWDBS). See also John W Cranston, U.S. Army Armor Center and Fort Knox Annual Command History, 1 January 1993 to 31 December 1993, pp. 63-70, for discussions of the experiments. 14USACECOM Briefing Package presented 14 May 1993 by MG Guenther to GEN Jimmy D. Ross, Cdr, AMC, sub: Digitizing the Battlefield. The package is covered by Ross's note to GEN Franks, 14 May 1993, SAB, forwarding the slides and recommending the briefing be presented to the CSA with both generals in attendance. 1 5 Message, Cdr SigCen, to distribution, 290050Z May 93, sub : CNR Protocols and Message Formats. MG McVey's letter, SFAE-ASM-AB-S, to Cdrs CECOM and SigCen, 27 May 1993, sub: Combat Net Radio (NRP) and Message Protocols, in protest responds to the results of a May meeting of the Protocol Working Group at which the Tacfire decision was reached. 16 SARD-SI Information Paper, 10 June 1993, sub : Interoperability of the Digital Battlefield. 17 Memorandum, GEN Sullivan for distribution, 24 July 1993, sub: Trip to Fort Lewis, Washington; San Jose and Fort Irwin, California; and Des Moines, Iowa, 22-24 July 1993, describing his observation of one exercise of the IVIS-equipped unit. Message, GEN Franks Personal for GEN Sullivan, 01l705Z Sep 93, sub: Advanced Warfighting Demonstration (AWD): Battlefield Synchronization, reporting to Sullivan on the results of the July 93 exercise at the NTC with the 1st Cavalry Division. See also Del Carlo, "A Glimpse of the Digitized Battlefield at the National Training Center," passim, and John C. Johnston, "The Journey to Force XXI's Mounted Component," Armor, CIII:2 (March-April 1994), 14-16. 18 Read-ahead package wlattachments prepared by DCSOPS, after 12 July 1993, sub: Horizontal Technology Integration (HTI) General Officer Working Group (GOWG) 1. 19 Memorandum for the Chief of Staff, Army, from LTG Forster, 13 August 1993, sub: Battlefield Digitization Update, which reflects an incorrect date (20 July) for the meeting of the Ad Hoc Working Group, with attachments. 20 Memorandum for See Distribution, from MG Garner and MG Hite, 3 August 1993, sub: Minutes of 125
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We live in an era of dynamic change
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The preparation of this history of
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THE MODERN LOUISIANA MANEUVERS CHAN
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oritized the allocation of LAM seed
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in the GOWGs and BoDs either had so
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Chapter Page 4. Institutionalizing
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On 9 March 1992, GEN Gordon R. Sull
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gers of being unprepared. He recoun
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Infantry Division (Mechanized) (lst
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eral Combat Training Centers was on
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Figure 1 A Sense of History "Strate
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R. Gabel's recently published book,
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quisition cycles, and save money an
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among the players contributed great
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BG To mmy R. Franks ODCSOPS draft c
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the briefing and established the or
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where and in what quantities, using
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1 Final Report of the Special Study
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29 See Interview, Nelson with Yarri
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10-11. See also Peay's letter to BG
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Chapter 2 THE LOUISIANA MANEUVERS P
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Figure 5 tual experimental work on
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move an issue from approval by the
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ing his own and the process could p
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tank crews from proper attention to
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mercially available, space-based C4
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services participated, the Joint St
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the Army. For all his efforts and t
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eal understanding of what Louisiana
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1 GEN Sullivan to BG Mountcastle, 1
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26 Message from Cdr SigCen to PEOs,
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eminded BG Eric Shinseki, the Direc
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Chapter 3 REORIENTING LAM: THE FORC
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Figure 7 Office of the Director Syn
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CONTROL EVENT r-- FY 95 BA DECISION
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ties and programs for all to see. W
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the GOWGs in importance. In additio
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In fact, the Force XXI Campaign sho
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axis. In addition, ODCSOPS controll
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1 Memorandum for See Distribution f
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Page 93 and 94: Chapter 4 INSTITUTIONALIZING LAM AN
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Page 97 and 98: quirements (CCIR) (see Figure 11).
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Page 101 and 102: I Interview, Sullivan with Yarrison
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Page 111: 1 Sullivan in Sullivan Papers, Pers
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Page 120 and 121: Appendix C MODERN LOUISIANA MANEUVE
Page 122 and 123: DATE 3-4 Oct 16-18 Oct Late Janearl
Page 124 and 125: tions, or mobilization and deployme
Page 126 and 127: MAJOR DUTY ASSIGNMENTS Nov 59-Feb 6
Page 128 and 129: FOREIGN DECORATIONS (in chronologic
Page 130 and 131: (OTN) assessment. Key points made a
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Page 134 and 135: 23 Letter, MG White to GEN Franks,
Page 136 and 137: team. This demonstration shows the
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Page 142 and 143: Meeting on Battlefield Digitization
Page 145 and 146: Appendix H MEMORANDUM FOR BG TOMMY
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Page 149 and 150: Appendix I CHIEF OF STAFF MESSAGE B
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Page 153 and 154: Appendix ] CHIEF OF STAFF MESSAGE L
Page 155 and 156: Appendix K ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS
Page 157 and 158: Abrams, GEN Creighton W: 1, 7 Adams
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