toxicological profile for malathion - Agency for Toxic Substances and ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

MALATHION 179 6. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE releases (Table 6-1). The TRI data should be used with caution because only certain types of facilities are required to report. This is not an exhaustive list. 6.2.2 Water Malathion can potentially be released to surface waters by direct application; storm runoff from sprayed fields or urban/residential areas; atmospheric deposition following aerial application (wet deposition from rain and fog water); waste water releases from formulation, manufacturing, or processing facilities; and spills. Malathion has been released to shoreline beaches and surface waters in adjacent coastal marshes on the eastern coast of central Florida for mosquito control using aerial spraying and truck-mounted (ultra-low volume; ULV) equipment (Clark et al. 1993). Malathion has been detected in three rivers, which are the three largest tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay (Foster and Lippa 1996). Malathion was collected in 6–16% of the water samples collected from the Susquehanna, Potomac, and James Rivers in 1992–1993; mean aqueous concentrations of malathion in the three rivers were 6, 12, and 7 ng/L, respectively. Annual loads of malathion from the three respective tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay were determined to be 8–86, 3–25, and 3–18 kg/year, respectively (Foster and Lippa 1996). Malathion has been released to surface waters as a result of wet deposition following volatilization from crop surfaces and transport through the atmosphere. Reportedly as a result of summertime agricultural use in the Central Valley in California, and following volatilization from crop surfaces and transport through the atmosphere, malathion was released to surface waters by wet deposition in higher elevation regions of the Sierra Nevada Mountains; malathion was not detected in any of the dry deposition samples (LeNoir et al. 1999). Malathion was detected in the surface waters transecting the Central Valley to the Sierra Nevada Mountains at aqueous concentrations of 65–83 ng/L; the compound was not detected in surface water samples collected from the two highest (of eight) elevations studied. In a study of the air, rain, and surface water associated with a sub-estuary of the Chesapeake Bay estuarine drainage system (in the Patuxent River watershed), which includes 57,000 km 2 of agricultural cropping areas, the total wet deposition flux of malathion in the spring and summer of 1995 was determined to be 5,200 ng/m 2 (in the 200 mm of rain that fell during the study period; Harman-Fetcho et al. 2000). The wet deposition flux of
MALATHION 180 6. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE Table 6-1. Releases to the Environment from Facilities that Produce, Process, or Use Malathion State b Number of facilities Air c Water Reported amounts released in pounds per year a Underground injection Land Total onsite release d Total offsite release e AR 1 1 No data No data No data 1 No data 1 GA 3 41 5 No data No data 46 18 64 IA 1 539 No data No data No data 539 No data 539 Total on and off-site release MO 2 2,818 No data No data No data 2,818 No data 2,818 MS 1 250 0 No data No data 250 No data 250 TX 3 255 5 No data 0 260 250 510 Total 11 3,904 10 No data 0 3,914 268 4,182 Source: TRI00 2002 a Data in TRI are maximum amounts released by each facility. b Post office state abbreviations are used. c The sum of fugitive and stack releases are included in releases to air by a given facility. d The sum of all releases of the chemical to air, land, water, and underground injection wells. e Total amount of chemical transferred off-site, including to publicly owned treatment works (POTW).
Page 1 and 2:
TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR MALATHION
Page 3:
MALATHION iii UPDATE STATEMENT A To
Page 8 and 9:
MALATHION viii Managing Hazardous M
Page 11:
MALATHION xi PEER REVIEW A peer rev
Page 14 and 15:
MALATHION xiv 3.2.3.2 Systemic Effe
Page 17:
MALATHION xvii LIST OF FIGURES 3-1.
Page 20 and 21:
MALATHION 1 1. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEM
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30:
MALATHION 11 1. PUBLIC HEALTH STATE
Page 33 and 34:
MALATHION 14 2. RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
MALATHION 24 3. HEALTH EFFECTS oral
Page 45 and 46:
MALATHION 26 3. HEALTH EFFECTS sing
Page 47 and 48:
≤
Page 49 and 50:
MALATHION 30 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Resp
Page 51 and 52:
MALATHION 32 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Rena
Page 53 and 54:
MALATHION 34 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Stud
Page 55 and 56:
MALATHION 36 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Fran
Page 57 and 58:
MALATHION 38 3. HEALTH EFFECTS more
Page 59 and 60:
MALATHION 40 3. HEALTH EFFECTS the
Page 61 and 62:
a Key to figure 1 2 3 4 5 6 Species
Page 63 and 64:
a Key to figure 15 16 17 18 Species
Page 65 and 66:
a Key to figure 24 25 26 27 28 29 S
Page 67 and 68:
a Key to figure 40 41 42 43 44 45 S
Page 69 and 70:
a Key to figure 55 56 57 58 59 60 S
Page 71 and 72:
a Key to figure 67 68 69 70 Species
Page 73 and 74:
a Key to figure 83 84 85 86 87 88 8
Page 75 and 76:
a Key to figure 91 Species (Strain)
Page 77 and 78:
a Key to figure 93 94 Species (Stra
Page 79 and 80:
≤
Page 81 and 82:
≤
Page 83 and 84:
MALATHION 64 3.2.2.2 Systemic Effec
Page 85 and 86:
MALATHION 66 3. HEALTH EFFECTS 1965
Page 87 and 88:
MALATHION 68 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Hepa
Page 89 and 90:
MALATHION 70 3. HEALTH EFFECTS appr
Page 91 and 92:
MALATHION 72 3. HEALTH EFFECTS an u
Page 93 and 94:
MALATHION 74 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Meta
Page 95 and 96:
MALATHION 76 3. HEALTH EFFECTS clas
Page 97 and 98:
MALATHION 78 3. HEALTH EFFECTS was
Page 99 and 100:
MALATHION 80 3. HEALTH EFFECTS appr
Page 101 and 102:
MALATHION 82 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Clin
Page 103 and 104:
MALATHION 84 3. HEALTH EFFECTS mala
Page 105 and 106:
MALATHION 86 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Tera
Page 107 and 108:
MALATHION 88 3. HEALTH EFFECTS for
Page 109 and 110:
MALATHION 90 3. HEALTH EFFECTS sugg
Page 111 and 112:
Species (Strain) Systemic Exposure/
Page 113 and 114:
MALATHION 94 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Endo
Page 115 and 116:
MALATHION 96 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Othe
Page 117 and 118:
MALATHION 98 3. HEALTH EFFECTS derm
Page 119 and 120:
MALATHION 100 3. HEALTH EFFECTS al.
Page 121 and 122:
MALATHION 102 3. HEALTH EFFECTS of
Page 123 and 124:
MALATHION 104 3. HEALTH EFFECTS per
Page 125 and 126:
MALATHION 106 3.4.1.1 Inhalation Ex
Page 127 and 128:
MALATHION 108 3. HEALTH EFFECTS was
Page 129 and 130:
MALATHION 110 3. HEALTH EFFECTS fir
Page 131 and 132:
MALATHION 112 3.4.2.3 Dermal Exposu
Page 133 and 134:
MALATHION 114 3. HEALTH EFFECTS neu
Page 135 and 136:
MALATHION 116 3. HEALTH EFFECTS aci
Page 137 and 138:
MALATHION 118 3.4.4.1 Inhalation Ex
Page 139 and 140:
MALATHION 120 3. HEALTH EFFECTS agr
Page 141 and 142:
MALATHION 122 V E N O U S BLOOD 3.
Page 143 and 144:
MALATHION 124 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Tab
Page 145 and 146:
MALATHION 126 3. HEALTH EFFECTS mus
Page 147 and 148: MALATHION 128 3.5.2 Mechanisms of T
Page 149 and 150: MALATHION 130 3. HEALTH EFFECTS pla
Page 151 and 152: MALATHION 132 3. HEALTH EFFECTS In
Page 153 and 154: MALATHION 134 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Ove
Page 155 and 156: MALATHION 136 3. HEALTH EFFECTS are
Page 157 and 158: MALATHION 138 3. HEALTH EFFECTS whe
Page 159 and 160: MALATHION 140 3. HEALTH EFFECTS the
Page 161 and 162: MALATHION 142 3. HEALTH EFFECTS org
Page 163 and 164: MALATHION 144 3. HEALTH EFFECTS The
Page 165 and 166: MALATHION 146 3. HEALTH EFFECTS pla
Page 167 and 168: MALATHION 148 3. HEALTH EFFECTS org
Page 169 and 170: MALATHION 150 3. HEALTH EFFECTS stu
Page 171 and 172: MALATHION 152 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Par
Page 173 and 174: MALATHION 154 3. HEALTH EFFECTS exp
Page 175 and 176: MALATHION 156 3. HEALTH EFFECTS wer
Page 177 and 178: MALATHION 158 3. HEALTH EFFECTS who
Page 179 and 180: MALATHION 160 3. HEALTH EFFECTS Lee
Page 181 and 182: MALATHION 162 3. HEALTH EFFECTS res
Page 183 and 184: MALATHION 164 3. HEALTH EFFECTS inf
Page 185 and 186: MALATHION 166 3. HEALTH EFFECTS med
Page 187 and 188: MALATHION 168 4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSI
Page 190 and 191: MALATHION 171 5. PRODUCTION, IMPORT
Page 192 and 193: MALATHION 173 5. PRODUCTION, IMPORT
Page 194 and 195: MALATHION 175 6.1 OVERVIEW 6. POTEN
Page 196 and 197: MALATHION 177 6. POTENTIAL FOR HUMA
Page 206 and 207: MALATHION 187 6.3.2.1 Air 6. POTENT
Page 232: MALATHION 213 6. POTENTIAL FOR HUMA
Page 235 and 236: MALATHION 216 7. ANALYTICAL METHODS
Page 243 and 244: MALATHION 224 7.3.1 Identification
Page 245 and 246: MALATHION 226 8. REGULATIONS AND AD
Page 247 and 248: MALATHION 228 8. REGULATIONS AND AD
Page 249 and 250:
MALATHION 230 8. REGULATIONS AND AD
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
MALATHION 238 9. REFERENCES *Agency
Page 259 and 260:
MALATHION 240 9. REFERENCES *Barnes
Page 261 and 262:
MALATHION 242 9. REFERENCES *Brown
Page 263 and 264:
MALATHION 244 9. REFERENCES *Choi P
Page 265 and 266:
MALATHION 246 9. REFERENCES *De Ble
Page 267 and 268:
MALATHION 248 9. REFERENCES Ehrich
Page 269 and 270:
MALATHION 250 9. REFERENCES EPA. 20
Page 271 and 272:
MALATHION 252 9. REFERENCES *Gaines
Page 273 and 274:
MALATHION 254 9. REFERENCES *Harman
Page 275 and 276:
MALATHION 256 9. REFERENCES Jianmon
Page 277 and 278:
MALATHION 258 9. REFERENCES Kimbrou
Page 279 and 280:
MALATHION 260 9. REFERENCES *Lechne
Page 281 and 282:
MALATHION 262 9. REFERENCES *Mackis
Page 283 and 284:
MALATHION 264 9. REFERENCES Mohn G.
Page 285 and 286:
MALATHION 266 9. REFERENCES NIOSH.
Page 287 and 288:
MALATHION 268 9. REFERENCES *Prabha
Page 289 and 290:
MALATHION 270 9. REFERENCES *Roy RR
Page 291 and 292:
MALATHION 272 9. REFERENCES *Singar
Page 293 and 294:
MALATHION 274 9. REFERENCES *Thongs
Page 295 and 296:
MALATHION 276 9. REFERENCES Viccell
Page 297 and 298:
MALATHION 278 9. REFERENCES Yess NJ
Page 299 and 300:
MALATHION 280 10. GLOSSARY Ceiling
Page 301 and 302:
MALATHION 282 10. GLOSSARY Mutagen
Page 303 and 304:
MALATHION 284 10. GLOSSARY Risk—T
Page 305 and 306:
MALATHION A-2 APPENDIX A are not ex
Page 307 and 308:
MALATHION A-4 APPENDIX A Was a conv
Page 309 and 310:
MALATHION A-6 APPENDIX A Was a conv
Page 311 and 312:
MALATHION A-8 APPENDIX A If an inha
Page 313 and 314:
MALATHION A-10 Uncertainty Factors
Page 315 and 316:
MALATHION B-2 Interpretation of Min
Page 317 and 318:
MALATHION B-4 APPENDIX B (8) NOAEL
Page 319 and 320:
1 2 3 4 12 → → → → → Key
Page 322 and 323:
MALATHION C-1 APPENDIX C. ACRONYMS,
Page 324 and 325:
MALATHION C-3 APPENDIX C MFO mixed
Page 326:
MALATHION C-5 > greater than $ grea
show all

toxicological profile for malathion - Agency for Toxic Substances and ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?