2012 COURSE DATES: AUGUST 4 – 17, 2012 - Sirenian International

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610 MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, VOL. 27, NO. 3, 2011 Survey Procedures/Field Work Using the GPS unit to guide the boat along each transect line, surveys were conducted from either an 8.2 m skiff with two 85 hp outboard motors or a 6.4 m boat equipped with one 150 hp outboard motor. Boat speed was kept constant between 12 and 15 km/h and surveys were only conducted in Beaufort sea states of ≤3 and wave heights
DICK AND HINES: BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN ABUNDANCE 611 one outlier at around 200 m, allowing better model fit (Buckland et al. 2001). Distance 5.0 release 2 (Thomas et al. 2010) was used to estimate detection probability using Conventional Distance Sampling (CDC) and Multiple Covariate Distance Sampling (MCDS) (Buckland et al. 2001, 2004). Unlike CDC, which assumes the detection of an object is the sole function of its distance from the line, MCDS allows for the inclusion of additional variables that are likely to impact the detection probability. For cetacean surveys, Beaufort sea state is a common covariate (Palka 1996, Barlow et al. 2001) and was used here. Following Buckland et al. (2001), several standard detection function models in CDS and MCDS were fitted to the data. The Kolmogorov<strong>–</strong>Smirnov goodness-of-fit test for each model was used to examine the absolute fit of the model (Buckland et al. 2004). Estimates from the model with the lowest Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) were selected (Buckland et al. 2001). Results from a size-biased regression (the default method in Distance) indicated weak evidence of dependence between cluster size and distance (rs = 0.19, P = 0.14). Mean sample cluster size (¯s ) was considered an unbiased estimator of the estimated mean cluster size of the population ( Ê (s )) (or Ê (s ) = ¯s ) (Buckland et al. 2001). Bottlenose dolphin abundance ( ˆ N) within the survey area was estimated using (Buckland et al. 2001, Marques and Buckland 2003): ˆN = A · n · ¯s c · 2L · , where ˆ N is the estimated abundance, A the size of the study area, n the number of clusters seen, ¯s the mean sample cluster size, c the constant (or multiplier) indicating the number of times each line was surveyed, L the total length of transect line, and the effective strip half-width. The coefficient of variations (CV) for n, , and ¯s were each calculated individually. Empirical estimation of CV(n), as recommended by Buckland et al. (2001), plus an adjustment for multiple visits to transect lines followed: where var(n) = CV(n) = TL var(n) n 2 k ti · li · (n i/(ti · li) − n/TL) 2 i=1 k − 1 TL is the total line length traveled, represented by, TL = k i=1 ti · li, ti the number of times a line was traveled, li the length of transect line i, ni the number of detections on line i, k the number of transect lines. CV() and CV(¯s ) were each calculated by dividing the standard error of the estimator by itself. Individual CVs were used to compute the abundance estimate CV using (Buckland et al. 2001): CV( ˆ N) = [CV(n)] 2 + [CV()] 2 + [CV(¯s )] 2 . ,
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ECOLOGY, BEHAVIOR & CONSERVATION OF
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discomfort without proper protectio
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ABOUT BELIZE Research Site: The pro
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FIELD TRAINING AND ASSIGNMENTS Duri
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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS SBCRC is s
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HEALTH INFORMATION Routine Immuniza
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• Consult the CDC for immunizatio
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Oil or oil-based repellant (e.g. ol
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Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation
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MINIMUM / MAXIMUM CLASS SIZE: 6-24
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COURSE FEE & ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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Ecology, Behavior & Conservation of
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2012 Field Course Policy & Liabilit
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2012 Field Course Policy & Liabilit
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FIELD JOURNALS You are required to
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OUR INVESTIGATION Figure 2. G. crut
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OUR INVESTIGATION Introduction The
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OUR INVESTIGATION Introduction On a
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Method We selected a patch reef loc
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OUR INVESTIGATION Introduction We f
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OUR RESEARCH FINDINGS Introduction
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area on the north part of the islan
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Introduction Our Investigation Befo
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Introduction Sea stars have long be
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INVESTIGATION Introduction Retracti
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Introduction Shells serve as a limi
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Introduction Lunar reproductive rhy
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TRIP SUMMARY SHEET (page 1) Day of
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RECORD OF EFFORT DATA SHEET Event (
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MANATEE SIGHTINGS AND SCANS Page 2
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MANATEE SIGHTINGS AND SCANS Page 4
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Date: Page 2 of ____ Sight/Scan Rec
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Date: Page 4 of ____ Sight/Scan Rec
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Sighting Log Continued from Page 1
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2010 VT: Scholar, BANNER, Safe Zone
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presentation to Horn Point Environm
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• Developed and managed education
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LaCommare, Katherine S. November 20
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• Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy,
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B. Ouranos, C. Bursey, and H. Kalb.
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2006. Holy Redeemer Day Camp. Conta
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18 NEWS AND VIEWS By 1995, in respo
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4842 J. M. BLUMENTHAL ET AL. are co
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4844 J. M. BLUMENTHAL ET AL. templa
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4846 J. M. BLUMENTHAL ET AL. Fig. 2
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4848 J. M. BLUMENTHAL ET AL. Fig. 4
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4850 J. M. BLUMENTHAL ET AL. mixed
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4852 J. M. BLUMENTHAL ET AL. Formia
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The Elusive Manatee -- An ethologic
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during the summer months while othe
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polyandrous - often mating with sev
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in the summer. Chessie, a male Flor
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ecords indicate that manatees have
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Florida manatee. National Biologica
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parturition: the action or process
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Manatees on the Belize Barrier Reef
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(a) (b) Manatees on the Belize Barr
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direction, and (e) when ‘travelli
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Season signi cantly aVected mean se
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male travelled at least as far as B
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55. Ontario Fisheries Research Labo
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NEWS OF THE WEEK MEETINGBRIEFS>> 10
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Functional Ecology 2008, 22, 284-28
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286 S. R. Noren Fig. 3. Swimming ki
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288 S. R. Noren Kelly, H.R. (1959)
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630 MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, VOL. 23,
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MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, 15(1): 102-1
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104 MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, VOL. 15.
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114 MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE. VOL. 15.
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118 MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE. VOL. 15.
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36 LaCommare et al. to the Drowned
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38 LaCommare et al. Figure 2. Map o
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40 LaCommare et al. points was 0.31
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42 LaCommare et al. may even provid
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172 NOTES Caribbean Journal of Scie
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174 FIG. 1. Drowned Cayes study are
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176 severe event occurred in 1998 (
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Coral Reefs (1997) 16, Suppl.: S23
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Table 1. Caribbean Diadema lore Sou
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Table 2. Historical accounts of the
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Table 3. Excerpts from Ernest F. Th
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Bradbury RH, Seymour RM, Antonelli
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Social Interactions in Captive Fema
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Captive Female Manatee Social Behav
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ut not random. Behaviors were not o
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Community Structure, Population Con
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422 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST the pla
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424 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST sarily
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Environmental Conservation 29 (2):
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194 C.M. Duarte well as more recent
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196 C.M. Duarte atmospheric inputs
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198 C.M. Duarte development (Short
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200 C.M. Duarte POTENTIAL STATUS IN
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202 C.M. Duarte detecting losses of
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204 C.M. Duarte Coles, R. & Fortes,
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206 C.M. Duarte Ramos-Esplá, A., M
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$1.2 million (Moore et al. 2009a).
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and positively related to knowledge
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student’s ability to learn facts
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Conservation and Behaviour Richard
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animals may adopt microhabitat choi
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and minimize traffic-induced wildli
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decision rules they use in response
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Gagnon JW, Theimer TC, Dodd NL, Boe
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402 Opinion TRENDS in Ecology and E
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Anim Cogn (2009) 12:43-53 DOI 10.10
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Anim Cogn (2009) 12:43-53 45 Fig. 1
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Anim Cogn (2009) 12:43-53 47 Table
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Anim Cogn (2009) 12:43-53 49 Table
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Anim Cogn (2009) 12:43-53 51 the pr
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Anim Cogn (2009) 12:43-53 53 L, Rei
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(Halodule wrightii and Syringodium
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Diurnal and Nocturnal Scans Four of
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Figure 3. The number of scans (whit
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in 2006. Although this difference i
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manatus in Costa Rica. Biological C
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574 D. J. Semeyn et al. and natural
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Table 1. Results from the GLM relat
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28
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Figure 1. Map of the Drowned Cayes
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Figure 3. Histogram of number of ma
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a. b. c. Power Power Power 100 80 6
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2012 COURSE DATES: AUGUST 4 – 17, 2012 - Sirenian International

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