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90 Breakthrough The participants are told to remove breakable and valuable items such as glasses and jewelry and to split into two, equal-size groups, A and B, in two lines, facing one another. Group A is asked to break through Group B. No one is allowed to talk. Usually the breakthrough occurs relatively easily. Then, before a second try, the two groups are told they have five or 10 minutes to plan strategy for the second breakthrough as well as the defence. With this preparation the breakthrough is comparatively difficult. Following the exercise the participants reflect on the importance of coordination and communication. This may lead to discussion about reaching the goals of the workshop by communicating and acting collectively. <strong>VIPP</strong> TECHNIQUES
The human web Participants form a big circle facing inward. They then stretch out and cross their arms in front of them. They are asked to close their eyes, slowly advance towards the middle of the circle and grasp one fellow participant's hand with each of their hands. The facilitator should ensure that three hands do not join and that hands are grasped, not wrists. When everyone has grasped two other hands firmly, the facilitator tells the participants to open their eyes and the human web has to be untangled. The web may end up in a number of smaller circles of participants, sometimes intertwined. The exercise can be repeated to show different results. This icebreaker brings people very close together and breaks the status feeling in hierarchies. <strong>VIPP</strong> TECHNIQUES Games and exercises 91
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V I S U A L I S A T I O N I N P A R
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Said is not yet heard, Heard is not
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This manual is a n
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Connecting cards 56 Overall design
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HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL This manual
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Part I THE ROOTS AND PHILOSOPHY OF
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4 VIPP involves capturing all parti
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2 The Roots of VIPP 6 VIPP is a cre
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The Roots of VIPP 8 In 1991, Neill
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The Philosophy of VIPP 10 Communica
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The Philosophy of VIPP 12 Developme
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The Philosophy of VIPP 14 Language
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16 THE USES OF VIPP
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Group events and VIPP 18 VIPP plann
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20 SOME DEFINITIONS FOR THE USE OF
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Group events and VIPP 22 Management
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Group events and VIPP 24 Discussion
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Group events and VIPP 26 input. Dev
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28 When VIPP methods are used in tr
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Group events and VIPP 30 The main c
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5 The Participants In VIPP, the par
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The Participants 34 facilitator mus
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6 The Facilitator 36 V IPP depends
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The Facilitator 38 Conflicts within
Page 50 and 51: 40 In a training of facilitators wo
Page 52 and 53: The Facilitator 42 There is not onl
Page 55 and 56: 7 VIPP materials and their use The
Page 57 and 58: The number of pin boards required w
Page 59 and 60: Card sizes and shapes Standard card
Page 61 and 62: Dots of about 12 mm to 16mm (1/2" t
Page 63 and 64: VIPP case: Facilitators who are inv
Page 65 and 66: Using colours Colours and sizes hav
Page 67 and 68: Overall design Also use empty space
Page 69 and 70: Events are often shaped by the phys
Page 71 and 72: and complexity of the workshop, the
Page 73 and 74: The rooms for group work should con
Page 75 and 76: 9 Opening events The first day has
Page 77 and 78: Expectation and fears At the beginn
Page 79 and 80: 10 VIPP rules The rules of VIPP are
Page 81 and 82: The following sets of rules are bac
Page 83 and 84: RULES WHICH REINFORCE VIPP PHILOSOP
Page 85: Part IV VIPP TECHNIQUES Basic VIPP
Page 88 and 89: 12 Basic VIPP techniques 78 The fol
Page 90 and 91: 80 BASIC RULES OF CARD COLLECTION 1
Page 92 and 93: 82 After discussion, the final clus
Page 94 and 95: 84 After ideas have stopped flowing
Page 96 and 97: Basic VIPP techniques 86 Multi-dot
Page 98 and 99: Basic VIPP techniques 88 Name taggi
Page 102 and 103: Games and exercises 92 Blind trust
Page 104 and 105: Games and exercises 94 The assassin
Page 106 and 107: Games and exercises 96 Power cable
Page 108 and 109: Games and exercises 98 Association
Page 110 and 111: Games and exercises 100 Visualized
Page 112 and 113: 102 Fish bowl Divide the participan
Page 114 and 115: Games and exercises 104 Controlled
Page 116 and 117: 106 Horse Trader An exercise in int
Page 118 and 119: Games and exercises 108 Drawing Dev
Page 120 and 121: 14 Debates 110 Orchestrated debates
Page 122 and 123: Debates 112 The Fish Pond Purpose:
Page 124 and 125: Role Plays 114 Examples of role-pla
Page 126 and 127: Role Plays 116 In the same workshop
Page 128 and 129: Use of group and plenary 118 3 It a
Page 130 and 131: Use of group and plenary 120 Buzz g
Page 132 and 133: Use of group and plenary 122 Case s
Page 134 and 135: 17 Including content and dealing wi
Page 136 and 137: Including content and dealing with
Page 138 and 139: Including content and dealing with
Page 140 and 141: Evaluation 130 Flash Purpose: To ge
Page 142 and 143: Evaluation 132 Feedback and memo bo
Page 144 and 145: Evaluation 134 Rapid participatory
Page 146 and 147: Evaluation 136 Group work on factor
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140 both parties are desperate enou
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142
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144 Mobilizing for Education for Al
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146 Putting Research into Action in
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20 Case Studies 148 Development in
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150 Planning for Social Mobilizatio
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152 Value Clarification* A multimil
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154 PROGRAMME: ORGANIZATION: 1 - Pi
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156 Emery, Merrelyn (ed.) Participa
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Schnelle, Eberhard The Metaplan Met
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