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Games and exercises 108 Drawing Development means to me... Purpose: To reorient an ethnocentric concept of development. Description: Each participant draws on a piece of flip chart paper without using words, his or her individual understanding of the concept of "development" or the theme of the workshop. For this part of the exercise allocate between 15 to 20 minutes. Some participants may want to cut and paste with various coloured VIPP cards. Back in the plenary each one explains the meaning of his or her drawing. They are then put into the "exhibition gallery". Then comes a discussion on the diverse forms of understanding of development or the workshop theme. This leads to a reflection on different perspectives and cultural preconceptions and values. Remarks: Be aware that the discussion should not end up with one single correct definition. This exercise should be complemented with inputs about the history of the concept of development or development theme/development theme in western culture and the diversity in that concept worldwide. Another procedure is to use a good article for the same purpose. VIPP TECHNIQUES
Past, present and future Purpose: To introduce an historical perspective in problem definition and exercises to compare different perceptions of a problem. The representation of the future goes beyond the classical problem definition and enters into a broader field of possible perspectives, linked to the past. Description: Each participant draws on a sheet of paper, divided into three sections, his individual perception of a topic in the past, in the present, and in the future. It can also be done in small groups. Examples of topics suggested are: environment, the city, development, my organization, my family, the rural area, agriculture, and anything that is related to a problem that will be analyzed. The drawings are presented and the evaluation puts emphasis on common and differential traits. Remarks: It is a good exercise for the beginning of a situation analysis. Like all exercises which demand drawing, a careful discussion on evaluation is required. Otherwise participants get the impression they are back in kindergarten! My house, my community, the landscape Purpose: To explore the subjective perception of the environment, and the role of the individual, the family and the social group. Description: Each participant draws the above mentioned themes. After the presentation of the pictures, a discussion follows. Remarks: This exercise achieves its purpose better when it is applied among participants coming from different socio-cultural settings. A variation is to ask participants to draw their house of the past, present and future. VIPP TECHNIQUES Games and exercises 109
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V I S U A L I S A T I O N I N P A R
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Said is not yet heard, Heard is not
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This manual is a n
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Connecting cards 56 Overall design
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HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL This manual
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Part I THE ROOTS AND PHILOSOPHY OF
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4 VIPP involves capturing all parti
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2 The Roots of VIPP 6 VIPP is a cre
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The Roots of VIPP 8 In 1991, Neill
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The Philosophy of VIPP 10 Communica
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The Philosophy of VIPP 12 Developme
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The Philosophy of VIPP 14 Language
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16 THE USES OF VIPP
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Group events and VIPP 18 VIPP plann
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20 SOME DEFINITIONS FOR THE USE OF
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Group events and VIPP 22 Management
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Group events and VIPP 24 Discussion
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Group events and VIPP 26 input. Dev
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28 When VIPP methods are used in tr
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Group events and VIPP 30 The main c
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5 The Participants In VIPP, the par
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The Participants 34 facilitator mus
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6 The Facilitator 36 V IPP depends
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The Facilitator 38 Conflicts within
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40 In a training of facilitators wo
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The Facilitator 42 There is not onl
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7 VIPP materials and their use The
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The number of pin boards required w
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Card sizes and shapes Standard card
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Dots of about 12 mm to 16mm (1/2" t
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VIPP case: Facilitators who are inv
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Using colours Colours and sizes hav
Page 67 and 68: Overall design Also use empty space
Page 69 and 70: Events are often shaped by the phys
Page 71 and 72: and complexity of the workshop, the
Page 73 and 74: The rooms for group work should con
Page 75 and 76: 9 Opening events The first day has
Page 77 and 78: Expectation and fears At the beginn
Page 79 and 80: 10 VIPP rules The rules of VIPP are
Page 81 and 82: The following sets of rules are bac
Page 83 and 84: RULES WHICH REINFORCE VIPP PHILOSOP
Page 85: Part IV VIPP TECHNIQUES Basic VIPP
Page 88 and 89: 12 Basic VIPP techniques 78 The fol
Page 90 and 91: 80 BASIC RULES OF CARD COLLECTION 1
Page 92 and 93: 82 After discussion, the final clus
Page 94 and 95: 84 After ideas have stopped flowing
Page 96 and 97: Basic VIPP techniques 86 Multi-dot
Page 98 and 99: Basic VIPP techniques 88 Name taggi
Page 100 and 101: 90 Breakthrough The participants ar
Page 102 and 103: Games and exercises 92 Blind trust
Page 104 and 105: Games and exercises 94 The assassin
Page 106 and 107: Games and exercises 96 Power cable
Page 108 and 109: Games and exercises 98 Association
Page 110 and 111: Games and exercises 100 Visualized
Page 112 and 113: 102 Fish bowl Divide the participan
Page 114 and 115: Games and exercises 104 Controlled
Page 116 and 117: 106 Horse Trader An exercise in int
Page 120 and 121: 14 Debates 110 Orchestrated debates
Page 122 and 123: Debates 112 The Fish Pond Purpose:
Page 124 and 125: Role Plays 114 Examples of role-pla
Page 126 and 127: Role Plays 116 In the same workshop
Page 128 and 129: Use of group and plenary 118 3 It a
Page 130 and 131: Use of group and plenary 120 Buzz g
Page 132 and 133: Use of group and plenary 122 Case s
Page 134 and 135: 17 Including content and dealing wi
Page 136 and 137: Including content and dealing with
Page 138 and 139: Including content and dealing with
Page 140 and 141: Evaluation 130 Flash Purpose: To ge
Page 142 and 143: Evaluation 132 Feedback and memo bo
Page 144 and 145: Evaluation 134 Rapid participatory
Page 146 and 147: Evaluation 136 Group work on factor
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Page 150 and 151: 140 both parties are desperate enou
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Page 154 and 155: 144 Mobilizing for Education for Al
Page 156 and 157: 146 Putting Research into Action in
Page 158 and 159: 20 Case Studies 148 Development in
Page 160 and 161: 150 Planning for Social Mobilizatio
Page 162 and 163: 152 Value Clarification* A multimil
Page 164 and 165: 154 PROGRAMME: ORGANIZATION: 1 - Pi
Page 166 and 167: 156 Emery, Merrelyn (ed.) Participa
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Schnelle, Eberhard The Metaplan Met
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