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106 Horse Trader An exercise in intensive inter-personal communication <strong>VIPP</strong> TECHNIQUES
Horse trader Purpose: To experience the complexity of meaning, values, attitudes and behavior involved in the process of interpersonal communication, thereby leading to a common agreement for problem solving. Description: In plenary, the facilitator introduces the task with the following words which should be written out on a flip chart in point form: "A horse trader buys a horse for 60 dollars. Then he sells it for 70 dollars. But he regrets it. So he buys the horse again and pays 80 dollars. Since he is a trader he sells it again. This time for 90 dollars. (No interests and no additional costs are involved.) What is the profit of the horse trader? - $60? $70? $80? $90? Please calculate it mentally by yourself. It is very easy. Write your result on a piece of paper. Put it in your pocket without showing it to anybody. Please wait in silence for the next instruction." When the facilitator sees that everyone has a written answer, she divides the plenary in two or more groups of five to seven people. Then, she tells them: "Now, go to your separate groups and decide what profit the horse trader has made. Your goal is to reach a group consensus on the amount. The only rule is that each member of the small group has to be 100% convinced that your common answer is correct. Only then can you return to the plenary." There is no fixed time for this part of the task. However, if the discussion drags on at about 30 minutes the facilitator can give a little pressure saying that for such an easy mathematical question it is taking too long. The important part of the exercise is the evaluation which should not include a discussion about which answer is correct; it should be a discussion on the behavioral processes in the groups as people strive to achieve consensus. Wait until groups reach a consensus before you begin discussion on group process. Remarks: Facilitators should be aware that this is a very involving exercise in which possible personality conflicts may arise. It should be used only if the facilitators feel that they themselves have a well-grounded problem solving approach. Otherwise it may "boomerang" against the group process. Crucial is the evaluation for which at least one hour should be allocated, and be sure it is visualized. <strong>VIPP</strong> TECHNIQUES Games and exercises 107
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V I S U A L I S A T I O N I N P A R
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Said is not yet heard, Heard is not
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This manual is a n
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Connecting cards 56 Overall design
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HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL This manual
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Part I THE ROOTS AND PHILOSOPHY OF
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4 VIPP involves capturing all parti
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2 The Roots of VIPP 6 VIPP is a cre
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The Roots of VIPP 8 In 1991, Neill
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The Philosophy of VIPP 10 Communica
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The Philosophy of VIPP 12 Developme
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The Philosophy of VIPP 14 Language
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16 THE USES OF VIPP
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Group events and VIPP 18 VIPP plann
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20 SOME DEFINITIONS FOR THE USE OF
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Group events and VIPP 22 Management
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Group events and VIPP 24 Discussion
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Group events and VIPP 26 input. Dev
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28 When VIPP methods are used in tr
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Group events and VIPP 30 The main c
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5 The Participants In VIPP, the par
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The Participants 34 facilitator mus
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6 The Facilitator 36 V IPP depends
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The Facilitator 38 Conflicts within
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40 In a training of facilitators wo
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The Facilitator 42 There is not onl
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7 VIPP materials and their use The
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The number of pin boards required w
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Card sizes and shapes Standard card
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Dots of about 12 mm to 16mm (1/2" t
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VIPP case: Facilitators who are inv
Page 65 and 66: Using colours Colours and sizes hav
Page 67 and 68: Overall design Also use empty space
Page 69 and 70: Events are often shaped by the phys
Page 71 and 72: and complexity of the workshop, the
Page 73 and 74: The rooms for group work should con
Page 75 and 76: 9 Opening events The first day has
Page 77 and 78: Expectation and fears At the beginn
Page 79 and 80: 10 VIPP rules The rules of VIPP are
Page 81 and 82: The following sets of rules are bac
Page 83 and 84: RULES WHICH REINFORCE VIPP PHILOSOP
Page 85: Part IV VIPP TECHNIQUES Basic VIPP
Page 88 and 89: 12 Basic VIPP techniques 78 The fol
Page 90 and 91: 80 BASIC RULES OF CARD COLLECTION 1
Page 92 and 93: 82 After discussion, the final clus
Page 94 and 95: 84 After ideas have stopped flowing
Page 96 and 97: Basic VIPP techniques 86 Multi-dot
Page 98 and 99: Basic VIPP techniques 88 Name taggi
Page 100 and 101: 90 Breakthrough The participants ar
Page 102 and 103: Games and exercises 92 Blind trust
Page 104 and 105: Games and exercises 94 The assassin
Page 106 and 107: Games and exercises 96 Power cable
Page 108 and 109: Games and exercises 98 Association
Page 110 and 111: Games and exercises 100 Visualized
Page 112 and 113: 102 Fish bowl Divide the participan
Page 114 and 115: Games and exercises 104 Controlled
Page 118 and 119: Games and exercises 108 Drawing Dev
Page 120 and 121: 14 Debates 110 Orchestrated debates
Page 122 and 123: Debates 112 The Fish Pond Purpose:
Page 124 and 125: Role Plays 114 Examples of role-pla
Page 126 and 127: Role Plays 116 In the same workshop
Page 128 and 129: Use of group and plenary 118 3 It a
Page 130 and 131: Use of group and plenary 120 Buzz g
Page 132 and 133: Use of group and plenary 122 Case s
Page 134 and 135: 17 Including content and dealing wi
Page 136 and 137: Including content and dealing with
Page 138 and 139: Including content and dealing with
Page 140 and 141: Evaluation 130 Flash Purpose: To ge
Page 142 and 143: Evaluation 132 Feedback and memo bo
Page 144 and 145: Evaluation 134 Rapid participatory
Page 146 and 147: Evaluation 136 Group work on factor
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Page 150 and 151: 140 both parties are desperate enou
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Page 154 and 155: 144 Mobilizing for Education for Al
Page 156 and 157: 146 Putting Research into Action in
Page 158 and 159: 20 Case Studies 148 Development in
Page 160 and 161: 150 Planning for Social Mobilizatio
Page 162 and 163: 152 Value Clarification* A multimil
Page 164 and 165: 154 PROGRAMME: ORGANIZATION: 1 - Pi
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156 Emery, Merrelyn (ed.) Participa
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Schnelle, Eberhard The Metaplan Met
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