Here - Norm's Book Club

VISCOSE.
ViSCO'Se, J*. U' L viscum birdlime + -OSE -.]
A special form of cotton pulp, applied to various
industrial purposes.
1896 IVestm. Cox. 10 April 8/2 A. .contract for sacks in
this new cotton pulp, to which the name of viscose is given.
t Viscose, 'I. Ods. [ad. l^ vtsidS'tis : see Vis-
cous a.]
Viscid, viscous.
c S400 Lan/roitcs Cirurg. 33 (Addit. MS.), Synwys by ;
kynde bub nessche and viscose, a x4ss tr. Ardernes \
Trtat.Fishtia^ etc. 78, Itavoideb'«J"eranlyventoseiiez,and j
wonderfully putte^ out viscose fleume & putrified. 15*6
Fi/gr. Ptrf. (W, dc W. 1531) 118 The nature of a passyon
of ire or fyUhy pleasure of the body is so viscose & cleuynge, 1
that harde it is for a begynner in perfeccyon to put it away
whan he woldc. 17*7 Bailey (voL II), Viscose, clammy,
sticky, glewy. 1775 PhiL Trans. LXV. 224 A viscose
matter, like that which is seen on fish newly caught, issues |
from them.
Viscosi'meter.
[f. L- viscds-us Viscous a.
see -METER.] An instrument for measuring the
viscosity of liquids.
1S66 Watts Diet. Chem. V. 1003 Viscosimeter. This
name is given by Dollfus to an apparatus for measuring the
viscosity of colouring liquids thickened with gum, &c.
i8Sa Crookes Dyeing ^ Tissue.Printing 381 To test the
strength of a sample, it is dissolved in water,.. and tested
with the vi'^osimetcr.
Viscosity (viskpslti). Also 5-6 viscosite, 6
-tye,6-7-tie. [a. OK. vtscosite (F. viscositi) or
ad. med.L. viscosiiaSj f. L. viscds-us viscous : see
-ITY. So It. znscositd, Sp. viscosidady Pg. -idade.'\
1. The quality or fact of being viscous ; viscidity. !
n 14*5 tr. Ardeme's Treat. Fistula^ etc. 65 Bole with his
drynes and viscosite consumij) J>e moistenes. c 1530 yudic.
Urines in. vi. 50 b, Suche maner of froth sheweth alway more
viscosite .. of humours in y" body, than doyth ony other
maner of froth. igSa Hester Seer. Phiorav. iii. iv. 9 It
taketh awaie the viscositie in the Stomacke, and openeth
the powres. z6so Venner Via Recta iv. 80 The Perch is.
a little inferiour. ., by reason of some viscosity in it. 1669
BoVLE Contn. New Exp. 11. (1682) 140 That liquor is very
thin, and hath no viscosity to resist the pervading body.
1686 Goad Ceiest. Bodies i. ix. 31 Rarity is nothing but a
Privation of Density, . . Friability of Viscosity. _ 1733 Chevnk
Eng. Malady iii. iv. (1734) 304 The phlegm in the Glands
..is nothing but the Viscosity of the Serum of the Blood.
1771 T. Percival Ess. (1777) I. 190 To dissolve a general
lentor and viscosity of the whole mass of fluids. i8« W. P.
C Barton Flora N, Am^r. I. 65 The extreme viscosity of
its pubescence, has caused it to receive the specific name it
bears. 1899 Altbult's Syst. Afed.VU. 245 The resistances
due to the viscosity of the blood in the arteries.
_^g. x66a M. W. Marriage-Broa/aer V. i, So I, bymy viscosity.
Labouring for life in love-lime [am] drown'd in
Cupid's galli-poL 190a Spectator 29 Nov. 825/1 Vehicular
tramc. .will, .block itself from its inherent viscosity.
aitrib. 1898 Allbutt's Syst. Med. -V. 461 The determination
of the viscosity coefficient of the blood.
b. Magmiic viscosity^ tendency on the part of
a magnetic medium to retard the magnetizing force.
1891 Electrical Engineer 16 Sept. 287/1 Up to the frequency
tried—i.^., about 125 per_ second—there is no sign
of magnetic viscosity; the magnetic cycle is unaffected [etc.].
2. A viscous substance ; a collection of viscous
matter. Cf. Viscidity 2,
'545 Ravnald Byrtk Mankynde 56 Linesede oyle, or
oyle of fenegreke, or the viscosite of holioke, and suche
other. 1597 A. M. tr. Guillemeau s Fr. Chirurg. 27b/2
When the stomacke is burthened with anye cruditye of vndigested
meat or drincke, or with anye other viscositye
w£itsoevcr. 1646 Sir T. Bkowne Pseud. F.p. 80 As is^
observable in drops of syrup, oyle and seminall viscosities.
1651 French Distill, v. 143 It openeth obstructions, and
urgetli viscosities of the stomack and bowells. 1707
Fi 'loyer Physic. PulsC'lVatch 297 These Viscosities depend
on Heat. 1794 R. J. Sulivan Vievi Nat. I. 493 The sand
..has, by the means of a calcareous viscosity infiltrated by
the sea, become so hard, as to become stone.
Viscount (vai'kaunt). Forms: a. 3-6 viacounte
(4 vescownte), 5- viscount (6 viscont).
^. 5 vycounte, vicouute, vicound, 6 Sc. vecount,
6-8 vioount (7 vicont). [a. AF. ves-^
viscounte {-cunte, •contc'), OF. visconte^ viconle (F,
vicomte)yi. vis- YiCR- + C0unee Count sd.^, after
med.L. viacomes; cf. Vicb-count. So It. vis-
£onte^ Pg. viscondcj Sp. vizconde.']
1. Hist. One aciing as the deputy or representative
of a count or earl in the administration of a
district ; in English use spec, a sheriff or high
sheriflF.
13»7Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. wThe erle Pictaveusc
..ravesched his owne viscountes wyT ibid. 165 Oon Wydomanis,
viscounte of Lemovik . . foond greet tresour of
gold. ? a 1400 Morte Arth. 1984 Sir Valyant of Vyleris.
made siche avowcz. To venquyse by victorie the vescownte
of Rome ! 1484 Caxton Chivalry 23 Kyngcs oughte to
baue under them dukes, Erles, vycountes and other lordes.
^1513 Fabyan Chron. vii. (i8n) 287 Otho. .pursued after
y* vaungarde of the kyng, of y« which were capitayns y*
vicounte of Mylyon, and one named fryer Gamy. 1568
Gbaftoh Chron. II. 113 The Vicount of Melun, a verye
noble man of the realmeof Fraunce. 1579 Expos, Terntes
Lavj 181 b, Viscount is a magistrate, and officer, of grat
authoryty whom wee commonly call (Sherife). 1630 Wadsworth
i^res. Estate Spain 32 Vicountes of Spayne, and
the value of their Lordships, of which they are Vicounts,
1710 J. Harris Lex, Techn. II, Viscounty . . Vicount^ signifies
as much as Sheriff. i86x Ld. Brougham Brit. Const.
iii. 42 All the freeholders assembled under the viscount or
sheriff. 1867 Frfkman Nonn. Cong. (1877) I. v. 302 Neal,
the valiant Viscount of the district.
Comb. 1611 CoTGK-, K/cww/Z/Vr, of a Vicount, Vicountlike.
'
1 x6it
i (Worcs.
i Whom
I shyp
I long
I
I 8
\
i f
1 1586
I thense
246
b. Tn the island of Jersey : (seequots.).
1694 Falle Jersey ii. 65 Before whom rideth the Viscount,
or Sheriff, with liis Staff of Office erected, one End thereof
on the Pommel of his Saddle. i86> Anstkd Channel Isl.
IV. xxiii. 525 In Jersey there is an officer called Vicomle, or
Viscount, who represents the High Sheriff of an English
county.
2. A member of the fourth order of the British
peerage, ranking between an earl and a baron,
Occas. contracted Visc.y Visct.
This use of the tiile dates from the reign of Henry VI,
when John, Baron Beaumont, was created Viscount Beaumont
by letters patent of 12th February, 1440.
1450 Rolls ofFarlt. V. 189/2 Notwithstondyng that Viscountes
were not erecte nor create, in the tyme of..oure
Fadre. c 1475 Contin. Brut 602 pe Duke of Northfolke, J>e
Erie of Warwyk, Lord Facounbryge, & Vicound Bowser.
a 1548 Hall Chron.^ Rich. IIl^ 25 b, Fraunces loide Louell
was then made Vicount Louell, and the kynge his chamberlain.
Ibid.t Hen. F///, igo The kyng . . created the
vicount Rochforth Earle of Wilshire, and the vicount Fitz-
] met
I by
\ 2.
I
I 161
\ Phillips
water was created Earle of Sussex. i6a8 Bukt'on Anat.
Mel. (ed. 3) I. ii. i[i.xi, A Knight would be a Baronet, and
then a Lord, and then a vicount, and then an Earle. 1631
Milton Ep. M, Win. 3 The honour'd Wife of Winchester,
A Viscounts daughter, an Earls heir, a 1700 Evelyn Diary
17 Oct. 1664, 1 went with my Lord Visct. Cornebury to Cornebury
in Oxfordshire. 1765 Blackstone Comni. 1. 385 All
degrees of honour are not of equal antiquity. Those now
in use are dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts, and barons.
i^io Penny Cycl. XVII. 369/2 Peers of the Realm;., the
persons who fall under this description are the dukes, marquesses,
earls, viscounts, and barons. i88a Ci'ssans Her.
(1893) iSo The privilege of wearing Coronets was accorded
to Viscounts by James the First.
3. In Continental usage : The son or younger
brother of a count.
2848 Thackeray Van. Fair xxviii, The postillion who
drove us [to Waterloo] was a Viscount, a son of some bankrupt
Imperial General.
Viscountcy (vai'kauntsi). [f, prec, + -cy.]
The title, dignity, or rank of a viscount.
x868 Daily Neivs 6 July, He exchanges a barony in the
peerageof Ireland. .for aviscountcy, the fourth order in the
peerage of the United Kingdom. zZ&^ L'^ool Mercury -^
Mar. s/r Her Majesty has conferred the dignity of a viscountcy
upon Sir Henry B. W. Brand. 1887 Ttvin Soul
I. xvi. 169 Neither Baronetcy nor Viscountcy rewarded his
zeal.
Viscountess (vsi-kauntes). [See Viscount
and -ESS. So F. vicomlesscy It. visconiessa, Sp,
vizcondesa^ Pg. viscondessa^
1. The wife of a viscount ; a peeress of the fourth
order of nol>ility,
1475 Rolls ofParlt. VL 134/1 Margaret Viscountesse Lisle,
wy fe of the said Henry Bodrugaii, which is a grete estate of
this Reame. 1525 Ld. Berners Froiss. II. Ixi. 80 b/2 The
erle then sent letters, .desyrynge the kynge to suffre his
cosyn the vycountes to be in peas. i$tg Act 21 Hen. V///,
c, 13. § 17 Any-Chapeleyne of any Duches Marques Countesse
Vyscountesse or Baronesse. 1578 Chr. Prayers in
Priv. Prayers (1851) 521 The Viscountess. Viscountesses I
do not spare ; For of them I have no care. 1643 Doc^.
Lett. Pat. at O.rf, {i%-ij) 377 A Lease made. .to the said
Viscountesse of parcell of the lands. 1689 Loud. Gaz. No.
2444/1 A Pursuivant, a Vicountess, Vicounts. 17*8 Chambers
Cycl. s.v. Vicount, A Viscountess may have lier Gown
bore up by a Woman, out of the Presence of her Superiors
and in their Presence by a Man. iy$i Gnw Long Story
134 Why, what can the Viscountess mean? 1805 in A.
Duncan Nelson (1806) 333 His relict Lady Viscountess
Nelson. 1876 T. Hardy Ethelberta (1890) 317 Rather disappointed
at this aspect of a viscountess's life, 1890
Froude Ld. Beaconsjield xiv. 211 Mrs. Disraeli became
Viscountess Beaconsfield.
2. A particular size of slate.
1878 D. C. Davies Slate ^ Slate Quarrying 136 Princesses
. . Duchesses . . Marchionesses . . Countesses . . Viscountesses
18x9. .Ladies.
Viscountial, a. rare. [f. Viscount + -ial.]
= ViCONTlEL a.
X751 Eng. Gazetteer s.v. Lincoln, This city is a Co. of
itself, .ind has a vi^countial jurisdiction for aom. round.
t VisCOUUtry. Obs.-^ [-RY,] = next.
a i66x Fuller Worthies, Westminster 11. (1662) 242 He
forgot that he was but Lord Verulam. A Viscouniry that
began and ended in him dying issu'less.
Vi'sconutship. Also 7 vicount-. [f. Viscount
4- -SHIP.] The dignity of a viscount ; a
viscountcy.
[see Viscounty 2]. a 1647 Habington Surv. Worcs.
Hist. Soc.) I. 33 Concearninge the Devereuxes, in
are included the Earldome of Essex and vicountof
Hereford. 1651 Howell Venice 25 Crema was a
time under the Vicountship of Milan untill the yeer
1405. 1881 Mrs. Lynn Linton My Love I. xii. 215 The
few years of his Viscountship,
Viscounty (vai-kaunti). Also 6-7 vicountie,
-ty. [f. Viscount + -Y. Cf. OF. vis-yViconte{i,
etc., F. vicomUj It viscontado^ Sp. viz-, Pg. viscondadoj
and med.L vicecomitatus.'\
1. A viscount. Obs~^
J. Hooker Hist. IreL in Holinshed IL 131/2 From
by iourneies he marched and went to Corke, being
in the waie by the vicounties of Roch and Barrie, and
sir Corman Mac Teege.
Hist. The office or jurisdiction of, the territory
under the authority of, a viscount.
1 CoTCR., Vice-conte, a vicountie, a vicountship. 1706
(ed. Kersey), Viscounty, the Territory of a Viscount;
asortof Lordship, or Jurisdiction in France; as The
Viscounty of Turenne is very considerable. 1756 Nugent
Gr. Tour, France IV. 286 Caen has a provostsnip, a pre-
VISCUOUS.
sidial, a vicounty, an office of the fmances of the admiralty,
and other royal tribunals. 179a A. Young Trav. France 6
Mons. Colmar, a Jew, bought the seignory and estate, including
the viscounty of .Amiens, of the Duke of Chaulnes.
1859 Jephson Brittany xvjii. 288 The Viscounty of Dinaii
. .became.. the herila;;e of a young lady. 1868 Freeman
Norm. Cong. (1876) II. viii. 252 William was now at a
point in Neal 's own viscounty, at no great distance from his
own casile. 1898 S. Evans Holy Graal 46 Five brothers
shared among them the viscounty of that city [Marseilles],
3. = ViscouNTcr.
1859 Lever Dav. Dunn Ixxii, * But the title ? '
' The Viscounty
goes with the English property.' 1874 Dixos T7vo
Queens xviil vii. III. 353 About the time when he received
the viscounty of Rochford. 1905 Westm. Gaz. 9 Nov. 10/2
His Majesty has. .been pleased to confer the dignity of a
Viscounty upon Lord Iveagh, K.T.
Viscous (viskas), a. Forms : 5-7 viscouse,
6 vyscous, 6- viscous ; 6 vys-, viscus. [a.
AF. viscous (Gower), or ad. L. viscosus (cf. Viscose
a.), {. viscum (also viscus) mistletoe, birdlime
made from mistletoe-berries. Cf.F. visqucux^
It., Sp , Pg. viscoso-l
1. Of substances : Having
character. Cf. Viscid a. i
a glutinous or gluey
c 1400 Lanfrancs Ciritrg. 33Senewis bi kynde l>en neische
& viscouse. 1533 Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 8 b, Flewme,
. . thycke, viscouse lyke byrde lyme and heuy. 1543 Boordk
Dyetiiry xii. (1870) 264 The whyte of an egge is viscus and
colde. 1547 — Brev. Health § 207 Uy eaiynge of euyl &
vyscus meates & euyl drinkes. 1578 Lvte Dodoens 721
The fruit is.. of a viscus or clammie substance. 1605
TiMMR Quersit. 1. X. 39 He cast up from his stomacke all
impurity, tough and viscous. 1664 Power Exp. Phihs. i.
52 A Nitt is an Egge glewed by some viscous matter to the
sides of the hair it sticks to. 1686 Goad Ceiest. Bodies i.
xviii. 120 Gossamere. .is nothing else but the viscous misty
vapour, furled up by the warm alteration of the Air. 1718
J. Chamberlayne Relig. Philos. I. ix. § 3 A viscous Liquor
like Turpentine. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters I. 37 Some
sustain, that the Chaos, -was a mass of a certain kind ot
viscous or mucous water. xSaa Imison Sci. ff Art I. 107
Water and Mercury may be considered as among the most
perfect fluids. Others as oil &c. are viscous or imperfect
Huids. 1859 W. H. Gregory Egyptll. 72 The rocky walls
were black and sticky, and seemed to sweat a thick, fatty,
viscous liquor. 189;^ Allbutt's S^-st. Med. II. 800 The
blood drawn during life is dark and viscous.
trans/. i8gg A U^'/ttt's Syst. Med. VI. 158 Contact with
the abnormal surface sets up an immediate viscous metamorphosis
of the platelets.
b. Physics. Imperfectly fluid ; intermediate
between solid and fluid ; adhesively soft. Also
used with abstract sbs. (as state ^ etc.).
(a) ii^'j'WH¥.viE.\.\. Hist. Induct. Sci. {f:d.. 2)xvni. III. 683
The ice ofa glacier is. .supposed to be a plastic or viscous
mass. 1863 Baring-Gould Iceland 194 The edges of the
molten [lava] stream cooling and resisting the tension of
the still viscous centre. 187a C. King Mountain. Sierra
Nev. xii. 261 The water converted into steam, blew up the
viscous rock in such forms as we find. 1880 Times 1 Dec.
10 His researches on tidal retardation from the action of a
satellite on a viscous planet.
(b) 1830 Hekschel Study Nat. Phil. 223 The solid,
liquid, and aeriform state, to which, perhaps, ought to be
added the viscous, as a state iniei mediate between that of
solidity and fluidity. 1853 Kane Grinnell Exp. viii. (1856).
57 Forbes' beautifully simple views of a viscous movement.
1860TYNDALL Glac, 11. xvi. 311 The inquiry as to what Professor
Forbes really meant when he piopounded the viscous
theory. 1863 — Heat ii. § 34. (1870) 36The viscous character
of the space between the poles instandy disappears.
2. jig. Adhesive, sticky.
1605 Bacon Adv. Learn. 11. xxiii, § 33. 100 These gratie
solemne wittes-.haue more dignity then- focliciiy : But in
some it is nature to bee somewhat viscouse and inwrapped,
and not easie to turne. 1660 in Harl. Misc. (iZog) I. 276
Our magistracy and judicatures, .have, .been intrusted in
such viscous and birdiimed fingers.
3. Bot. Of leaves: = Viscid a. 2.
1712 tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs 1. 37 Leaves, like those of
Linseed, but.. more viscous. 1857 A. Gray First Less. Bot.
Gloss., Viscous, . .having a glutinous surface.
Hence Vi'scously adv.
1878 Abnev Photogr. 55 Note if the collodion flows freely,
viscously, or lumpily.
Vi'SCOUSneSS. Now rare or Obs. [f. prec]
The quality of being viscous; viscosity.
1594 Plat Jeivell-ho., Soyle 28 It is an erronious opinion
to thinke that Marie . . is to be knowne from other moulds by
the fattiness,- or viscousness thereof. i6ia Woodall Surg.
Mate Wks. (1653) 238 The thicknesse and viscousnesse of
Sulphur. 1674 Grew >I«rt/. PI., Disc. Mixture v. vL §3
The very Cause of the said Viscousness of Phlegm, is
chiefly some great Acidity in the Blood. 1706 Stevens
span. Diet. I, Viscosidad, Viscousness, C\a.mmin*:ss. 1757 T.
liiRCii Hist. Royal Soc. IV. 256 Dr. Lister, .added, that
holly might turn [into stone] suddenly by reason of its
viscousness and tenacity.
t Viscnous, «. Obs. [Iireg. f. h.viscum^-us
+ -ous.] Viscous,
1603 Holland Plutarch's Mor. 618 They testific.a repletion
of grosse, viscuous or slimy humours, and a great
perturbation of the spirits within. 1635 Swan Spec. M. v.
§ 2 (1643) 135 When the Exhalation by reason of the want
of viscuous matter is not enflamed. 1655 T. Vaughan
Euphrates 24 It is even so with the World, for it was originally
made of a seed, of a seminall viscuous Humidity or
Water. 1705 Phil. Trans. XXV. 1977, I expected Water,
but there was only a viscuous darkish Humour. 1706
London & Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. ii. 8 The coldest and
most viscuous Dungs or Soil, such as Cows-Dun§. 1771
Encycl. Brit. II. 468 The albumen is a cold, viscuous,
white liquor in the egg.
Hence Vi'scnonsness.