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VOLUMY.
Vo'lnmy, a. ran-^. [f. Voldue ski Swelling,
roanded.
i8a7 Dakley Sykia 170 Clouds under clouds with volumy
wombs.
t Volnnt. Obs. rare. [a. late AF. volunt for
earlier volunte VoLUKTY.] a. (See first quot.)
b. One's own will.
itt> Ttrmts o/tht Law 191 b, Vohtnt is, when the tenant
holdeth at the will of the lessor, or of the Lord, and that is
in two manners. [Hence in Harris (1704), etc.] x6ii
SrEEO Hist. Gl. Brit. IX. ivi. 666/i This 1 haue here promised
and sworoe, proceedeth of mine owne desire and free
volunt.
t Volnntaire, a. Obs. rare. [a. F. voluntaire,
obs. f. voloiUaire : see Voluntaby «.] Free,
voluntary ; of one's own choice.
i6ts SvLVESTEE Tobacco Battered 835 Woe to the World
because of such OlTences ; So voluntaire, so voyd of all pre.
teiices. X671 R. MacWard True Nonconf, 27 His unimi.
table example, in this his free and voluntaire suffering.
t Voluntar, sb. Obs. [Cf. next.] One who
rules .^^bitra^iIy ; a despot,
1650 B. DiscoUiminiitm 12 Such.. may.. fitlier be called
Masters tlien Magistrates, Voluntar 's then Potentat*s.
t Voluntar, «. Sc Obs. [ad. older F. voluntaire
or L. volutitSr-ius Voluntary a. : see ab ^.]
Freely undertaken or given ;
voluntary.
1581 J. Hamilton in Cn. y. Benson 167 It requires much voluntary faith to
be an infidel. 1875 Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 74 Unfaithfulness
is the voluntary love, as ignorance is the involuntary
reception, of a lie. 1884 Ruskin Pleas. Learn. 78 Were
faith not voluntary, it could not be praised.
b. Of actions : Performed or done of one's own
free will, impulse, or choice; not constrained,
prompted, or suggested by another.
Sometimes denoting * left to choice ', ' not required or demanded
of one '.
C1449 Pecock Repr. i. iv. 18 Before that..eny voluntarie
or wiilul assignement of God was 5ouen to the lewis, a 1513
{AKYAN Chron. VII. (1811) 548 Ihe archebysshop. .shewyd
vnto them seryously the voluntary renounsyngc of the kyng.
1534 Moke Com/, agst. Trib. \i. Wks. 1206/2 Resiitucion is
..a thing of such necessitie, that in respect of restiiucion,
almesdede is but voluntary. 1551 T. Wilson Logike D vb,
That is called voluntarie, which doth betoken any thing
done freely. 1596 Shaks. Merch. V. 11. \. i6 The lottrie ol
my desienie Bars me the right of voluntarie choosing. 163a
LiTHcow Trav. 1. 7 Thy voluntary wandiing, and vnconslrayned
exyle. 1673 Dkyden Amboyna Ded., This voluntary
Neglect of Honours has been of rare Example in the
World. 1736 Butler Anal. 1. v. Wks. 1874 I. 84 All wickedness
is voluntary, as is implied in its very notion. 1780
Bentham Princ. Legist, viii. (1789) 79 note, By a voluntary
act is meant sometimes, any act, in the performance
of which the will has had any concern at all; in this sense
it is synonymous to intetttional. 1784 Cowpek Task vi. 333
The horse . . throwing high his heel.s. Starts lo the voluntary
race again. 1849 Robertson Senu. Ser. iv. ix. (1876) 82
There must be some voluntary act transgressing some
known law or there is no sin. a 1871 Grote Eth. Fragm.
v. (1876) 187 Every action is voluntary, wherein the beginning
of organic motion is the will of the agent.
c. Of oaths, etc. : Proceeding from the free, unprompted,
or unconstrained will of a person;
voluntarily made or given ; spec, in Law (cf. next).
1595 Shaks. yohn 111. iii. 23 I'hy voluntary oath Lines in
this bosome, deerely cherished. 1607 Cowell Interpr.^
Assumpsit, is a voluntarie promise made by word. 1719
Jacob Law Diet, s.v. Oath, A voluntary Oath, by the Consent
and Agreement of the Parties, is lawful as well as a
compulsory Oath. 1769 Blackstone Comvt. IV. 137 [The
perjury] is no more penal than in the voluntary extrajudicial
oaths. 1782 Miss Burnf.y Cecilia v. iv, The next
day Miss Belfield was to tell her everything by avoluntary
promise. 1828-32 Webster, Voluntary affidavit or onth,is
one made in an extra-judicial matter. 1840 Penny Cycl.
XVI. 382 Oaths may be either voluntary or may be imposed
by a political superior. 1883 CasseiCs Encycl. Diet. s.v.
Con/ession, There existed also an ancient practice of voluntary
confession in public of private offences and secret sins.
d. Law. Of documents, proceedings, etc. (see
quots.).
1625 Glanville Voy. Cadiz (1883) 29 A voluntary certificate
from some of the officers.. to prove her a defective
Shipp. \'j%^'6a\.k2.is> Reports III. 174 He, as a Purchaser,
shall avoid this Conveyance, because it was voluntary, and
therefore fraudulent. 176^-8 Erskine Inst. Law Scot. i.
ii. § 4 \'oluntary [jurisdiction] was that which was exercised
in matters that admitted of no opposition. Ibid. u. viii. % 17
If the wadsetter receive his money upon this intimation
without compulsion,, .the redemption is voluntary. 1781
J. T. Atkyns Rep. Cases led. 2) II. 89 Even in voluntary
settlements, if the words lean more strongly to the one construction
than to the other, it must likewise prevail. 1818
Cruise Digest (ed. 2) II. 521 The ihiid mode of voluntary
partition is, when the eldest makes the division of the lands ;
in which case she shall choose last. Ibid. IV. 401 Edward
Bussey being possessed of a term for 59 years, by voluntary
deed, conveyed it to trustees. 1845 Poison in Encycl.
Metrop. 11, 848/1 A voluntary charter is granted by a
superior ex inero ntotH. x86o Wharton Law Lex. (ed. 2)
757/2 Voluntary Answer, one filed by a defendant to a bill
m equity, without being called upon to answer by the plaintiff.
187s K. E. DiGBY Real Prop. (1876) 373 Voluntary
conveyances of estates in land, that is, conveyances without
any consideration, such as money or marriage,
e. Naut. (See quot.)
1867 Smyth Sailor's IVord-bk. 714 Voluntary charge^ a
document delivered with the purser's accounts respecting
provisions.
2. Physiol. Of bodily, actions : Regulated or
governed by the volitional faculty ; subject to the
will. (Cf. Involuntary a. i b.)
c 1400 Lan/ranc's Cirurg. 29 Brawn is maad of fleisch,
senewe, & iigamentis, & l;>ei ben instrument [of] voluntarie
meuynge. 1650 Bulwek Anthropomet. 6 Voluntary motion
depends upon the Nerves. 1651 Hobbes Leviath. \. vi. 23
Imagination is the first internal beginning of all Voluntary
Motion. 1728 Chambers Cycl. s.v. Muscle, The Muscles
of Voluntary Motion . . have each of *em their Antagonist
Muscles. 1843 Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xv, 184 The
muscles of voluntary life. 1855 Bain Senses ^ Int. i. ii. § 17
'Ihe Spinal Cord . . is necessary to sensation and to voluntary
movement (movement from feeling). x88x Mivart Cat 124
Amongst the voluntary movements are the various movements
of the several members.
3. Of conditions, etc. : Assumed or adopted
voluntarily or by free choice ; freely chosen or
undertaken.
1426 Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 22714 Kome ffortbe, and se
an exanplayre Off poverte not voluntarye. X474 Caxton
Chesse 11. v. (1883) 65 Scipion of affrique. .was so poure of
voluntarie pouerie y' . . he was buried at y* dispencis
of y8 comyn good. X58X Pettie tr, Cuazzo's Civ. Conv.
I. (1586) 45 b, The companie which we come into by
chance, consisteth of many persons, but y' which is voluntarie,
which we ought to couet, containeth but few folke in
it. X585 T. Washington tr. Nichoiay s Voy. iv. xxxi. 154
Hee ended hys dayes in voluntarie exyle, x6xi Bible CoL