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VELODROME.
b. spec. Relative rapidity ; rate of motion.
i6s6 tr. Hohbes' EUm. Philos. (1839) 113 Motion, in as
much as a certain length may in a certain time be transmitted
by it, is called Velocity or swiftness: &c. 1715 tr.
Gregorys Astran. (1726) I. 91 The Velocity in A is to the
Velocity in P, as SN to SH. But as the Velocities in A
and A so are the Spaces run in the same time, by the
Bodies. 1743 W. Emerson Fluxions v, It is the general
Practice in Mechanics, to measure the Velocity of a Body
by the Space uniformly described in a given Time, c \Tga
Imisos Sch. Arts I. I Mechanics is a science which treats
of the forces, motions, velocities, and in general, of the
actions of bodies upon one another. 1813 Bakewell Introd.
Ceol. Pref. (1815) 16 In mechanics, the important question
of the ratio between the velocity and n^omentum is still un.
decided. 1857 Ltviscstone Trav. xvi. 284 note, A declivity
of three inches per mile gives a velocity in a smooth straight
channel of three miles an hour. i8«o Hauchton Phys.
Gto^. iii. 137 It has.. a velocity of upwards of three knots
per hour.
2. Rapidity (absolute or relative) of operation or
quickness.
action ;
a 1674 Clarendon Sun'. Leriath. (1676) 18 Mr. Hobbes
was with the velocity of a thought . . able to decipher that
impertinent Question. 1743 W. Emerson Flu.xiotis 2 He
will find some to increase faster, others slower ; and consequently
that there are comparative Velocities (or Fluxions)
of Increase during their Generation. 1794 Hutton Philos.
Light, etc. 198 Neither the quantity of the fire, nor the
velocity of its propagation. 1817 Jas. Mill Brit. India. II.
V. v. 479 Colonel Brathwaite was instructed to anticipate
resisunce by velocity of completion. 1858 Froude Hist.
Eng IV. 481 The velocity with which the English world
was swept into the New Era. 1871 B. Stewart Heat
(ed. 2) § 228 The rate at which it loses temperature or the
velocity of cooling,
3. altrtli. and Comb., as velocity-measurer, po-
tential, ratio.
1849-sa Weale Diet. Terms s.v. Velocimeter, Such a
velocity-measurer was constructed by Breguet, of Paris.
1878 W. K. Clifford Dynamic m. 203 The circulation
along any path from o to />.. is called the velocity-potential
at/. l88a Minchin £/«//>/. A'/iKrwa^ 160 If.. the velocity
potential has at each point of the curve an assigned value.
1887 D. A. I^w Machint Draw. (1892) 36 Velocity Ratio in
Belt Gearing.
Velodrome, [a. F. velodrome, f. v^lo coUoq.
abbrev. of zelocipide Vei-ocipede -f -drome as in
Hippodrome.] A special place or building in
which exhibitions of cycle-riding, cycle or motor
races, etc., are held.
1901 Times 26 Nov. 5/6 The Alexandra Palace Velodrome.
Ibid., The sides slope gently from the floor to the 'hogbacks
', which are placed at either end of the velodrome.
Velom, obs. variant of Vellttm.
Velonea, Velonia, variants of Vai-onia.
Velonye, southern ME. variant of Felont.
+ Velope, aphetic form of Envelope v. Obs.—^
I7»i \V. Hamilton Wallace 93 With Darkness velop'd,
soon they reach 'd the Gate.
Velouet, obs. form of Velvet.
II Veloora (v»l»r). Also velour, veluse. [F.
velours (OF. velour, velous) velvet. Cf. Velube.]
1. fSee quots. and cf Lube sb.^)
1706 Phillips (ed. Kersey), l^etnurs, a Velvet-Rubber for
a Hat. 1831-3 Encyct. Metrop. (1845) VI 1 1. 762 (2 A uniform
direction is given to the nap by means of. .a plush brush
called a velours. 1851-4 Tomlinson's Cycl.^ Use/. Arts
(1866) I. 837/2 The general surf;ice of the hat is. .improved
by means of. .a plush cushion called a velours, or veluse.
187s Knicjht Did. Meek. 2609/1 Velour, a hatter's lustering
and smoothing pad of sillc or plush.
2. a. (See quot.)
1858 SiMMONDS Did. Treule, Velours, a kind of velvet or
plush foi furniture, carpets, etc. manufactured in Prussia,
partly of linen and partly of double cotton warps with
mohair yarn weft.
b. A woollen dress-stuff with a velvet pile.
1884 Knicht Did.Meci.Suppl 923/1 K^iwrrj. ., a French
goods, all wool. 1913 Play Pictorial No. 134. p. ii/3 A
medium shade of striped grey velours.
II Veloutine (vjl«tih). [F., f. veloutf velvety
-h-ine] (See quot. 1884.)
1884 Knight Diet. Meek. Suppl. 923/t Veloutine (printed
Velonline]. ., a corded French fabric, with fancy wool warp
and merino wool weft. 1890 Daily News 29 May 3/1 The
chemisette is generally made of finely pleated silk, whether
it be in the richest veloutine, bengaline, or ordinary surah.
Velt, southern dial, vari.ant of Felt sb.'-^
1879 Jefferies IVild Li/e 301 The ploughboys call the
' fieldfares velts *.
Velt, var. Veldt ; obs. Sc. form of Welt v.
t Velter. Obs.—^ [ad. OF. veltre or med.L.
veltris : see Fewteker.] A small hnntiog-dog.
1598 .Manwood Lawes Forest Carta de Foresta of Canutus
I 32 margin. These little Dogges called Velteres, and such
as are called Ramhundt (al which Dogges are to sit in ones
lap) may be kept in the Forest.
Velteror. rare-^. [Cf. prec] = Fewtereb.
1911 J. H. Round King's Serjeants 272 The number of
greyhounds . . accompanying them varied, but each velterer,
normally, had charge of from four to six.
t Veltfare, obs. dial, variant of Fieldpahe.
Cf. the mod. dial, form veltiver.
a 17M Swift Country Parsons Blessings (Hoppe), Or else
a vrltfare or a snipe.
Valthft, obs. .Sc. forms of Wevlth.
Velthy, obs. form of Wealthy a.
t Velt-marshal, Obs. Also veldt-marshal,
velt-mareschal. [ad. G.feld-marschall, with the
87
spelling of the first element influenced by LG. or
Du.] = Field-marshal.
1709 Land, Gaz. No. 4560/2 The King of Denmark and
King Augustus stood as Godfathers to a Son of the Velt-
Mar-shal. 1737 Gentl. Mag, VII. 641/2 To resign the
Command of the Army provisionally to Velt-Marshal
Philippi. 1774 H. Walpole Corr. (1846) V. 368 You may
be a veldt-marshal by this time. 1819 Scott Leg. Montrose
xi, Anent whilk I have heard the great Velt-Mareschal
Bannier hold a learned argument with General Tiefenbach.
11 Velum
(vrl^pm). PI. vela (vria). [L.
vUiim a sail, awning, curtain, covering, veil.]
I. f a. A screen or protection, Obs.
1781 Priestley in Young Autobiogr. (1898) v. 99 _A glass
velum, interposed between the retort and the recipient for
the air, remains quite cool and dry.
b. A velarium,
1843 Penny CycL XXVI. 197/2 Such ceiling or vault
therefore assumes somewhat the appearance of an awning
or velum stretched immediately upon arches.
^. Anat, a. The soft. palate; the membranous
septum extending backwards from the hard palate.
Also more fully vehim fcUati and velwn pendulum.
(.1) 177X Encycl. Brit. I. 303/1 The septum, which may
likewise be termed veluvi, or valvula palati^ terminates
below by a loose floating edge. 1782 Heberden Cotnmeut.
vii. (1806) 27 The velum pendulum was putrid. 1805 Med.
JmL XIV, 179 One was removed .. from behind the velum
pendulum by the forceps. 1847 Todd's CycL Ana/. III.
951 The velum palati is a soft moveable curtain stretching
backwards and downwards into the cavity_ of the pharynx
[etcj. Ibid,,, Muscles of the velum palati. 1859 Semple
Diphtheria 55 The posterior column of the velum palati.
{h) 1753 Diet. Arts ^ Sc:. III. 2313/2 The great uses
of this membrane are.. for preventing by its claustrum or
velum, the things to be swallowed from getting up into the
nostril--;. i8s6 S. Cooper First Lines Surgery 241 The
velum and uvula are occasionally destroyed. 1846 Brittan
tr. Malgaigne^s Man. Oper. Surg. 365 You see then the
importance of passing the needles through a welldet*:rmined
point of the velum. 1879 St. George's Hasp. Rep. IX. 725
A child.. was attacked by sore-throat with false membrane,
which spread from the tonsils over the velum.
attrib. 18795/. Georges Hosp. Rep. IX. 570 Voice husky;
glands of velum palate enlarged.
b. One or other of two membranes extending
from the vermiform process of the brain.
1840 G. V. Ellis Anat. 52 The two medullary vela are
inclined obliquely towards each other. Ibid.,, The anterior
medullary velum or valve of Vieussens. 1873 Mivart Elem.
Anat. 377 The velum consists only of the ependyma, the pia
mater, and the arachnoid.
O. A triangular fold of the pia mater lying
between the third ventricle and the fornix of the
brain. (In fnll velum inlerpositum.)
c 1845 TodiCsCycl, A nat. 1 1 1. 635 The velum interpositum Is
best exposed . .by removing carefully in succession the corpus
callosum and the fornix. In raising the velum itself [etc.).
d. A small triangular space in the inferior region
of the bladder.
1835-6 Todd's CycL Anat. I. 385/1 This membrane presents
some peculiarities throughout the extent of a small
region named the ' trigone ' or the ' velum ' of the bladder.
3. Zool. A membrane or membranous integument,
csp. one occurring in molluscs, medusae, or lower
forms of animal life.
i8a6 KiRBV & Sp. Entomol. HI. 370 Velum (the Velum),
a membrane attached to the inner side of the cubital spur
in Apis. 1840 Penny CycL XVI. iio/i Though the term
velum is used, which would hardly be applicable to the
palmated arms or vela cf the other kind [of Nautilus]. 1877
HuXLEV Anat. Inv. .Anim. iii. 129 The inner margin of the
bell in these mcdusoids is always produced into a velum.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 420/1 In the majority of sponges
both excurrent and incurrent canals are constricted at intervals
by transverse diaphragms or vela^ which contain
myocytes concentrically and sometimes radiately arranged.
4. Bot, A membranous structure or covering in
certain fungi.
183a LiNDLEV Introd. Bot. 208 The velum, or veil, is a
horizontal membrane, connecting the margin of the pileus
with the stipes. 1866 Treas. Bot. 1207/1 Velum, the
annulus of certain fungals. i88a Vines tr. Sachs's Bot. 337
This formation of a velum is connected with the entire
growth of the whole fructification.
Velum 'e, Velumne, obs. ff. Vellum.
Velunge, southern ME. variant of Feeling sh,
Veluot, obs. Sc. form of Velvet.
(v/l'ua'j). Also 6 vellure. [ad. OF.
Velnre
velottr : see Veloubs.j
tl. Velvet. K\^o attrib, Obs.
J587 Harrison Descr. Eng. in. i. in Holinshed I, 22t/i
But now., the same [wool] hath beene imploicd vnto sundrie
other vses, as mockados, baies, vcllures, gro^raines, &c.
X596SHAK& Tam.Shr. in. it. 62 One girth sixe times peec'd,
and a womans Crupper of velure. 160a Marston Ant. ^
Mel, V. Wks. 1856 I. 57 A yellow taffata dubblet, cut upon
carnation velure. /z 16x5 Fletcher Noble Gent. v. i, Did
you not walk the Town, In a long Cloak half compass? an
old Hat, Lin'd with Vellure? 1640 in "EinticV London (1766)
II. 179 Velnrcs: English, the single piece. 1748 Whitehall
Evening-Post No. 405, [He] had on when he was last seen,
a light Dove-coloured Coat, black Velure Waistcoat, grey
Breeche.s and a light Grizzle Wig.
Comb. 1607 Df-kker Northiuard Hoe \x. i, The bragging
velure-caniond hobbi-horscs praunce vp and downe as if
some a the Tiltcrs had ridden them.
2, = Velocrs I. Hence Veln*re v. trans., to
dress (a hat) by means of a velvet pad.
1880 Encycl. Brit. XI. 520/1 Dressing and polishing.,
come next, after which the hat is ' velured ' in a revolving
machine by the application of haircloth and velvet velures.
VELVET.
Velu'tinOUS, a. f-nt. and BoL [f. mod.L.
veluHn-nSy f. med.L. velutum velvet.] (bee quots.)
1826 KiRBy & Sp. Entomol, IV. xlvi. 276 Velutinous^..
covered with very thick-.set upright short hairs or pile, resembling
velvet. 1857 A. Gray Eirst Less. Bot. (1866) 236
Velutinoiis., velvety 10 the touch. 1866 Treas. Bot. 1207/1
Velutinous, velvety ; having a hairy surface, which in
texture resembles velvet, as in Rochea coccinea.
Velvatter, obs. Sc. form of Well-water.
Ve'lveret, Also -ett. Now rare. [Irreg. f.
Velvet sb. Hence F. veiverelle.'\ A variety of
fustian with a velvet surface.
1769 De Foe's Tour Gt. Brit. (ed. 7) III. 268 The Cotton
Trade.. has been greatly improvedof latc.by the Invention
of Velverets. 1776 [see Velveteen i]. 1787 G. Canning
Microcosm No. 22 (1788) 258, I shall presently see landscapes
beautifully diversified with . . plains of Plush, . . vallies
of Velveret, and meadows of Manchester. 1803 Ann. Reg.
828 Cotton velvets, velveteens, velverets, thicksets, cords,
and other cotton piece goods. 1839 Ure Did. Arts 537
The cotton stuffs called corduroy, velverett, velveteen,
thicksett, used for men's wearing apparel, belong to the
same fabric. Ibid. 538 Plain Velveret . .Cord and Velveret.
188a Caulfeild & bAWARD Dict. Needleiv. 510/2 Velveret^
an inferior sort of Velvet, employed for trimmings, the web
of which is of cotton, and the pile of silk.
attrib. 1795 SouTHEY Lett./r. Spain (1799) 12 A soldier
was the other character, in old black velveret breeches.
Velvet (velvet), sb. Forms : a. 4-7 veluet, 4,
6 -ett (5 feluett), 6 -ette ; 4- velvet (5 felvet,
velveut, -ved, velavet), 5-7 velvett (6 -vytt)t
7 villvet, 8 velvit. y3, 5-6 velwet (5 felwet, 6
-weth) ; 5 vele-, vellewet (fellevtret, felewote)
veloaet, -owet. 7. 5 weluette, 5-6 -wet(t, 6
wellweut, welvet, Sc, wellvet, welwete. 5. Sc.
5 veluate, 6 -uote, -uot(t ; 6 weluot, -wot(e,
wellwott, wolv/at. €. 6 vellett, -at (velat), Sc.
-ot(e, 6-7 vellet, [ad. med.L. velveUtm {-etlum)y
also vel(l)uetum {^ettunt)^ app. representing a
Romanic type *viliutettum, dim. of '^villutum,
whence med.L. v€l{V)uUim {vcloiuni)^ It. velluto,
OF. velut^ -ute, Sp. and Pg. velhido, ultimately f.
L. vill-Hs shaggy hair. Cf. Vellute, Velours,
and Veluke.]
I. 1. A textile fabric of silk having a short,
dense, and smooth piled surface ; a kind or variety
I
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Also with defining terms as cotton^ Geuoa^ raised, stamped
: see these words.
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