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VIVANDIER
c 1460 Wisdom 786 in Macro Plays 61 He J»at ys yll wywande,
Wo hys hym, by t>e bone.
II Vivandier (v^vandi^). [F. vivandier masc.
( = Sp. vivandero, Pg. vivandeiro, It. vivandiere)
a supplier of victuals or provisions, f. pop.L.
*vivanda for vivenda : see Viand ^. Cf. Vian-
DER ^] In the French or other continental armies :
A person who supplies vfctaals to troops in the
field ; a sutler.
The feminine vivandih-e occurs freq. in 19th cent, works
relating to Continental wars.
1591 Garrarfi's Art IVarre 13 Another doth visite Vivandiers
and Victualers {if any follow the Campe). 1691
Land. Gaz. No. 2694 2 They seized several hundreds of
Vivandier's Boats. i8oa James Milit. Diet, 18x3 Wel-
UNCTON in Gurwood Desp, (1838) X.321 Operations so near
10 the enemy, as that the vivaudters and other attendants
on the troops cannot with safety remain near them.
Vivannm (vaivea-riom, vi-). PI. vivaria,
also -iiuns. [L. vivarium enclosure for live game,
warren, fish-pond, etc., neut. sing, of vivdrius, f.
vTvus alive, living.]
1. A place where living animals, esp. fish, are
maintained or preserved for food ; a fish-pond or
fish-pool ; = ViVABY 2. Alsoyf^.
1600 Holland Livy 1389 Whereupon it commeth, that
those places or parkes which are set out and appointed for
leading of Deere, we use to call Vivaria. i6m J er. Taylor
Seriit. /or Year i. xxvi. 328 The face of the Sea is our
Traffique, and the bowels of the Sea is our Vivarium, a place
for fish to feed us. 1845 Gosse (^cfdn li. (1849) 80 In some of
the Hebrides, there are large pools for the preservation of
sea-fishes, hollowed out of the solid rock. . .Great numbers
of cod-fishes are kept in these vivaria. x888 D. Beveridgk
Between Ochils 9f Forth, v. 80 The dry hollow.. in former
days served the monks as a vivariunt^ or fish-pool.
2. A place or enclosure, a piece of ground or
stretch of water, specially adapted or prepared for
the keeping of living animals under their normal
conditions, either as objects of interest or for the
purpose of scientific study ; freq. in later use, an
aquarium ; = Vivary I.
1684 tr. Combes* Versailles^ &c. 87 In the Vivarium are
seen many kinds of Animals which have been caused to be
brought from Forein Countries, a 1700 Evelyn Diary
17 Nov. 1644, There is also adjoining to it a vivarium for
estriges, peacocks, swanns, cranes, &c. 1853 Athenxum
aS May, The new Fish house, .has received The somewhat
curious title of the * Marine Vivarium '. 1853 Guide Zool.
Card., Aquatic Vivarium. 1880 A. R- Wallace IsL Life
xiv. 297 Forming a kind of natural mu:>eum or vivarium
in which ancient types, .had been saved from.. destruction,
1900L. Huxley /,/>t//«j:/o' I. xii. issThebay was calm and
suitable both for the dredge and for keeping up a vivarium.
b. A glass bowl, case, etc., in which fish or
other aquatic animals are kept, esp. for purposes
of scientific study ; « Vivauy i b.
1855 Zoologist yAW. 4S49 Those who would view vivariums
merely as interesting subjects for their drawing-room
windows. 1856 Geo. Eliot in Cross Life (1885) I. 396 We
set out for Ilfracombe with our hamper of glass jars, which
we meant for our sea-side vivarium. 1890 Dk. Argyll in
Mem, xlv (1906) n. 464 Your old vivarium is still standing
in its old place.
Vivara, obs. form of Vivers.
Vivary (voi-vari). Also 7 vivarie. [ad. L.
i//t;arV«/« ViVABlOM : see -ARY 1. Cf. also VlVEB ^
and ViviBR.]
1. = Vivarium 3. Alsoyf^. Now rare or Ohs.
1601 DoNSE Progr. Soul iii. That swimming Colledge, and
free Hospitall Of all mankinde, that cage and vivarie Of
fowles, and beasts. x66o F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav.
140 Slaves.. who have no other office then to hunt the
Woods and Marshes for triple-coloured tortoises for the
Kings Vivary. 1699 Evelvn Acetaria{iT2