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Here are few examples of the correspondences between the clerks of the Blaauwberg Native Affairs Department on behalf of the new owners to the Sub-Native Commissioner in Pietersburg regarding eviction of Blacks from land: 405 1. “ May the consent of His Excellency the Governor General be obtained please for the removal of the native B: 54/68 Tugeshi Philemon from the farm Early Dawn 996 the property of the Bourke Trust…” 2. “ May the consent of His Excellency the Governor General be obtained for the removal of the native B: 50/64 Sekati Molokomme, B: 54/86 Tapedi Malhabe, B: 54/16 Kapedi Pulutje and Matume Pelayne from the farm Goedetrouw 996 the property of the Tvl . Con. Lands…” 3. “ May the consent of His Excellency the Governor General be obtained please for the removal of the native B: 54/71 Moloeshi Situma and B: 54/70 Khantshi Ngoepe from the farm Early Dawn 996 the property of the Bourke Trust…” 4. “May the consent of His Excellency the Governor General be obtained please for the removal of the native 405 Volume 512 NAC6/ 04, Part 7, Secretary of Native Affairs. Correspondence with Sub- Native Commissioner’s office with that of Resident Magistrate. 236
B: 54/98 Taletje Ngoepe from the farm Millstream 995 the property of the Bourke Trust…” 5. “ May the consent of His Excellency the Governor General be obtained please for the removal of the native B: 66/30 Kgrepe Ngoepe from the farm Welgelegen 978 the property of the Tvl. Con. Lands…” All these applications for the removal of Blacks from now White-owned land were made on the 15 th July 1919 to the Sub-Native Commissioner in Pietersburg by the Clerk in Blaauwberg on behalf of the new owners. The Pietersburg Sub-Native Commissioner then wrote to the Native Affairs Department in Pretoria, addressing it to: “The Secretary For Native Affairs, Union Buildings”. In that correspondence, the Sub-Native Commissioner attached applications from the Blaauwberg clerk. At the end, the Pietersburg Sub-Native Commissioner recommended 406 the removal of those “natives” 407 . 406 “The attached application for the removal of Natives B: 66/30 Kgeredi Ngoepe B: 27/16 Mathopa B: 54/68 Tugeshi Philimon B: 16/72 Kiunana Raseratana B: 54/98 Taletje Ngoepe B: 26/2 Peaha Madiboho B: 54/71 Motoeshi Situme B: 54/70 Khanedi Ngoepe B: 54/96 Tapedi Malhabi B: 50/64 Sekati Molokome B: 54/16 Kapedi Pulushi, Matume Pelayne B: 12/41 Modesha Lapela B:12/90 Motato Lapela B: 12/33 Rasefitela Molapo B: 23/101 Moloko Masilo B: 13/26 Mapepa Kwenabaholo, received from the Detached Clerk i/e Native Affairs Department Blaauwberg is forwarded and recommended…” 407 Volume 512 NAC6/ 04, Part 7, Secretary of Native Affairs. Correspondence with Sub- Native Commissioner’s office with that of Resident Magistrate. 237
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO MAKGABENG
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There are very few written records
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said that Makgabeng means “people
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names after they were surveyed and
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This study aims to portray the hist
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In this study on identity creation
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emerging continental spirit of Pan-
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Related to this issue, is the triba
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In addition to the information of t
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in particular. These sources were u
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help to fill the gaps in documentar
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each and every approach, depending
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Like politicians, traditional leade
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conditions were not as favourable a
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with my informants and reassured th
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sent to the interviewees before the
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Within twenty-four hours of conduct
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Bahananwa and Bakone in Makgabeng a
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almost all the Black communities th
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interdisciplinary fields as cultura
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will be a weak identity 40 . People
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ule 46 . Castells sums up this seem
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information, cultures, commodities
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Identity creation through Afrocentr
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concept of centre encompasses both
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construct rational thought. Thus, t
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culture to the other cultures of th
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dependent on the nature of the cont
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contested, negotiable and construct
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others and are identified by them i
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shared identities can transcend obv
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in identities help individuals or g
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Another theoretical argument is tha
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cultural forms,… thus all identit
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environmental changes. Focus will b
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since the origin of humankind, its
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een interacting with one another in
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and 1200 metres 99 . It represents
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These names help people to define a
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C3-type grasses dominate 115 . The
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their homesteads 119 . In the Makga
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ange of wild animals indigenous to
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In addition to the contact between
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The above accounts indicate how the
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Early occupation. Archaeological ev
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San include “sympathetic magic”
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interacted with other groups, espec
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scale crisis between the San groups
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underground foods 147 . These consi
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population groups which later appea
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een any reports and evidence of “
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words, identities may be expressed
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cultural mixing and influencing, th
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As already alluded to, the Khoikhoi
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stock probably through their contac
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The Bantu-speaking communities. The
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speaking communities. Because of th
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is precisely because of the theoret
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Makgabeng area, even though the roy
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protection. The alignment of variou
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CHAPTER 4 POLITICAL CHANGES BROUGHT
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The earliest inhabitants in the Mak
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paintings they made on rocks, as we
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plains. However, it is clear that t
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establishing the South African Repu
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developments such as the arrival of
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British 219 . On his fugitive way,
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occupied areas which best suited th
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at a macro-level and also filtered
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and Batau, sought sanctuary under t
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when in 1852 when the British recog
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significance of these developments
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of Malebogo 244 . The police force,
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therefore very reluctant - if not u
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Boer triumph on the north-eastern s
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driven by various reasons, found th
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shape political identities in the M
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Why is it that you call them to liv
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missionaries shaping only religious
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military camp during the Bahananwa-
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missionaries, the Boer farmers and
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Lutheran and Wesleyan missionary co
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with its scenic beauty 276 . One of
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the expulsion of Beyer, and his rep
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chapter, however, their core functi
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Lues, leprosy and insanity - terrib
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Blouberg 300 . The British-originat
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African evangelists independent of
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worshipping (and of course, the Kho
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The Wesleyan teachings under Setumu
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(magadi). The missionaries, armed w
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know who has died up there as no he
Page 185 and 186: political and social contexts are d
Page 187 and 188: The system of polygamy was an impor
Page 189 and 190: to Desia Ramoroka 334 , her mother-
Page 191 and 192: changed as a condition of them bein
Page 193 and 194: planks for doors, but when Sack did
Page 195 and 196: ase on the south-western side of th
Page 197 and 198: The missionaries’ importation of
Page 199 and 200: y the new ones of the western docto
Page 201 and 202: as far back as the earliest occupan
Page 203 and 204: etween clearly distinguishable poli
Page 205 and 206: move freely everywhere in the entir
Page 207 and 208: The expansion and settlement of com
Page 209 and 210: ownership, and land’s related res
Page 211 and 212: Black communities, were entered int
Page 213 and 214: they knew of land being privately o
Page 215 and 216: the basis of a number of financial
Page 217 and 218: 1. Baranen was originally granted t
Page 219 and 220: therefore granted these farms to th
Page 221 and 222: The fate of Blacks, which was a com
Page 223 and 224: As a result of Black issues such as
Page 225 and 226: Commissioner for Native Affairs in
Page 227 and 228: as well as sizes of farms in morgen
Page 229 and 230: were no longer belonging to their o
Page 231 and 232: 19. Rosamond was surveyed by R.E. A
Page 233 and 234: new developments on their land. App
Page 235: Opportunities for purchasing land w
Page 239 and 240: traditional communal tenure in whic
Page 241 and 242: The sub-Native Commissioner in Piet
Page 243 and 244: that occupation shall convey no own
Page 245 and 246: communal arrangement came under sie
Page 247 and 248: y the 1936 Act in which trust farms
Page 249 and 250: egan to sell some of those farms fo
Page 251 and 252: of deputy-chief Kgare of Moletji wh
Page 253 and 254: Native Trust and to make further pr
Page 255 and 256: occupation and ownership. This grou
Page 257 and 258: landowners, the farms in the Makgab
Page 259 and 260: Section 5(a) Black polities could b
Page 261 and 262: experiences, and this further shape
Page 263 and 264: agreeing to the contents of the min
Page 265 and 266: In the Makgabeng area, the examples
Page 267 and 268: situation exactly the same as in Ro
Page 269 and 270: Affairs, Hendrik Verwoerd 458 . The
Page 271 and 272: were now selling it 461 . On the ot
Page 273 and 274: were in this office and they agree[
Page 275 and 276: esulting in the assassination in 19
Page 277 and 278: landowners, these pioneers of the p
Page 279 and 280: The tensions which emanated from th
Page 281 and 282: Moletji 484 , even though their far
Page 283 and 284: Calvin was not only able to establi
Page 285 and 286: co-operation. For instance, they ha
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eserves could not support the 500 0
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held by the Lebowa homeland governm
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ather than the citizens of Lebowa.
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itself in which people and ideas fl
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(present-day Botswana) on their way
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whom since the beginning of the yea
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The impact of South Africa’s mine
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who became wealthy in the diamond f
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concentrate on subsistence in the r
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especially after initiation 530 . T
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Makgabeng area - the Matlala and Ma
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In the Makgabeng area, the recruitm
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In the earliest days of migrancy, w
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(both Boer and British), introduced
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ecruitment and regulation of the la
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facilities for lonely men in those
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shaped by this sharing and interact
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The costs of transporting the corps
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come to the township, the rural fam
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sheep. This accumulation of livesto
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Native Commissioner, Pietersburg, B
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cooking oil, were some of the commo
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For instance, the school, Makgabeng
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changes which some of them were tem
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addition to the communal identity c
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names in South Africa 595 . There a
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As already pointed out in Chapter 6
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purchase farms. People of different
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the same farm. However, regardless
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co-purchasers from various origins
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Mpumalanga). Makgabeng is in the Ca
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produced by labelling) 606 . For in
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For instance, Kgoši Ratšhatšha L
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eciprocal questions, “who are you
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which had to be fought against as i
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their distinctive dinaka dance form
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own families because with their new
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different tones. The main differenc
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after a number of girls 630 . For i
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we?” The answers to these questio
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study to argue about the lines betw
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purchases were the Bapedi. This is
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Africa. In the Makgabeng area, as a
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after the livestock while they also
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egarding the youth. Dolby argues th
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not only drink traditional sorghum
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BIBLIOGRAPHY A. PRIMARY SOURCES. AR
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15. Volume 113 NA533/ 03, Native Af
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39. Volume 2/2/67, Part 1, Chief Ma
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69. Volume1233, Pietersburg trading
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REPORTS • File Ref No. A2/10/3 (i
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• Anon. Nachrichten von unserer S
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7. Sania Ramoroka. 8. Nkadi Ngwepe.
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Bam, J. and Visser P., A New Histor
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Hammond-Tooke, W.D., The roots of A
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Van Warmelo, N.J., Die Tlokwa en di
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Boshier, A., et al., “Mining in S
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THESES. Boersema, M., Die malopokul
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Makgabeng situated next to the smal
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MAKGABENG TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP MOGALAK
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Vergelegen MAKGABENG VEGETATION MAP
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