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(^N ( 1 ' air..s rr >,wMAM DOEIRf.2001-29 Draft D RedlinelStfikenut B Figure 3. Cross Section of the 221-U Facility. 3 the 200 Areas is currently contaminated and is not 27 4 withdrawn for beneficial uses. The f/an/'osC 28 5 Land-Use Plan Environmental lmpact 29 6 Statement (FICP EIS) and associated ROD, issued in 30 1999. and The Future for flanford Usrr and Qeanup, 31 the Final Report of the Nanfond Future site Uses 32 Wo&ng Group (Docember 1992) have Identified the area 33 10 encompasud by the 221-U Facility on an indusrtial land 34 11 use area. In the HCP EIS, this area Is designated 35 12 'tindustrialsxelusive" and is defined as "land areas 36 13 suitable and desitable for aestment, stotage, and disposal 37 5 of harardous. dangerars. rrdioactive, nonradieactive 338 9 wattes, and related seaivities." 40 16 17 1& 19^ 2d 21 2^ 2 2 2 The 221-U Facility and surrounding areas have been disturbed by Industrial activities and have little vegetative cover. Public access to the 221-U Facility is prohibited at the present time. 42 43 Potential contaminants that must be eansidered in the 44 alternative evalua6on of On 221-U Facility include 45 substances currently present within the canyon building 46 and those associated with wastes to be received under the 47 eontainmem alterwtives. The predominant eontandnrnls of concern are radionuclides. 48 49 Radionuclides etctcntiy within the 22 1-U Facility that ate 50 aow .al.s46waas. psfs1aaonp asry.wwe U.sasm pattaq tManawstea-PYq w+.^^ • considered to be of eoncern are americium-441; eesium- 137; cobalt-60; jiptunium-237;_ plutonium-2391240; atrontium-90; and isotopes of europium, thorium, and manium. Cternical contaminants of concern currently within the facility are amimonv. araenic, )Z,itislhL cadmium, chromimn, k.ad, tnactvy, pbdulates, and polychlorinated biphenyls. seleniVM. silver. and y^:tnium . Based on analyses of materials disposed at the Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility (ERDF), the following radionuclides and nonndionuctides would also be contaminants of concern for alternatives that would usc the 221-U Facility as a disposal facility: carbon-14, technetiunt-99, ttidutn, antimenyberylliutn, petroleum hydrocarbons, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. 41 SCOPE AND ROLE OF ACTION This Proposed Plan presents the interirn•-remedial action for contaminated atructures, soil, and debris at the 221-U Facility. The scope of the i+werini-remedial action includes only the 221-U Facility (which includes the 271-U Support Services Building and the 276-U Solvent Handling Facility). -ldjaeent-streetutes UO W thai. PMs+ea t-+n •
^ (^N t^ the steHitFths+amedielaetion. 11 The role of the proposed imerim rcmedial action Is to 18 reduce potenGal future threats to human hn)th and the 19 environmem associated with hazardous substances in the 20 facility and the underlying soils. Existing contaminated 21 grourdwater underlying the 221-U Facility is being 22 addressed under a separate CERt'i.A action associated 23 with the 200-UP-1 Operable Unit. Cleanup levels 24 Identified as a result of this Proposed Plan will be 25 protective of grotadwater and the Columbia River. DOE!RG2001-29 Draft D RedlinelS trikeout i3 74 75 76 26 SUMMARY OF S1TE RISK 77 78 27 2 The Tri-Parties believe that the preferred altereative, or one of the other active measures presented in this 79 80 2 30 Proposed Plan, is necessary to protect human health or welfare and the environment from actual or threatened 81 82 31 releases of hazardous substances into the environment. 83 32 33 34 Such a release, or threat of release, may present an imminent and substantial endangerment to public health, welfare, or the environment. 84 85 86 87 35 Human Health Risk 88 89 36 In the Superfund ptocess, potential risks to human 90 37 health and the environment are evaluated to determine 91 3 3 4 If signi8cant risks exist due to site contaminants. Excess cancer risks are expressed exponentially as 1 x 10'4, 1 x IT. and I x 10+ (i.e., one in ten 92 93 94 41 thousand, one in one hundred thousand, one in a 42 43 million, respectively). This means that for a I x 10' risk. If 10,000 people were exposed to a contaminant 95 96 44 45 40 of concern for some period of time, one additional person may be diagnosed with cancer In his/her lifetime. Remedial actions generally are not required 97 98 99 47A at risk levels between 1 x 10' and ) x IOs unless there 100 are other considerations such as adverse environmental 101 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 impacts, the potential for future migration, ori02 uncertainty regarding future land use. 103 Contamination existing at the 221-U Facility poses the potential for increased human health risk to future site users. The level of potential health risk posed by contaminants currently present at the facility differs depending on the future site use. Two reasonable maximum exposure scenarios were evaluated for the221-U Facility: an industrial scenario and an Inadvertent intruder scenario. In both scenarios, future users could be exposed to contaminants in the facility through external exposure to radiation and ingestion or inhalation of particulate released from the facility. Air, biota. and groundwater would be secondary media of concern because the likelihood of these media becoming contaminated Is less andlor the magnitude of their potential comamination Is small. In general, the assessment of risk is based on a limited data aet. Uncertainties exist with both the contaminants Identified for the 221-U Facility and the concentrations of the contaminantss. The results of sampling of existing areas of contamination may not be representative of specific conditions throughout the facility. '1Uerefore, the evaluations of risks that are presented could be either underestimated or overestimated. Industrial Scenario. Based on risk assessment results for contaminants and concentrations evaluated in the final feasibility study, the contaminants at the 221-U Facility providing the highest contribution to potential increased human health risks include various radionuclides ( americium-241, eesium-137, cobalt-60, europium-154, nemunium -^37. plutonium-2391240, and-atronlium-90 . and utanium iconmesl and heavy metals ( lead, mercury, and uranium). The total Incremental cancer risk (ICR) of the radionuclides at eoncentrations measured at the 221-U Facility is greater than 10. Concentrations and risk ranges are presented In Table 1. Environmental media and waste material contaminated by these constituents inciude concrete, metallic waste, eontaincriud materials, soil, and miscellaneous debris currently contained within the structure of the 221-U Facility. iGN!e-f " : 1 iwteJ--l^autl -iat pi sed sheps. Inadvertent Intruder Scenario. The inadvertent intruder scenario assumes that unacceptable hazards to an intruder could occur from exposure to contents of the 221-U Facility after the loss of Institutional controls ( e.g.. access restrictions). In this scenario. institutional control Is conservatively assumed to be lost aqrr-100 years after cbsure of dispocal faciliti^w containina radinactivc waac . Consistent with U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulations. the
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^ (10^' (^N DOF/RL-2001-11 Rev. AjD
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^N r^ 1 n DOF/RLr2061-1 l ' Rev. I
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t^N (M"N Final Feasibifity Stady ja
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