PRINCIPLES OF TOXICOLOGY

586 INDEX
Hair, toxic agent excretion, 53
Haldane effect, carbon monoxide binding affinity,
97.-98
Halogenated alkanes, toxicology, 39 l-397
Halogenated hydrocarbons:
dermal toxicity, acneiform dermatoses, 164
nephrotoxicity, 140
Halogenated methanes, toxicology, 3922397
Halotanes, spontaneous abortion and, 227
Halothane hepatitis, hepatocellular degeneration and
death, 120
Haplens, immunotoxicity, 192
Hazard, defined 5
Hazard assessment, occupational health hazards
control and, 531-536
anticipation of effects, 53 l--532
evaluation of effects, 533-536
recognilion of effects, 532-533
Hazard identification:
ethical issues concerning, 507
risk assessment procedures, 438,442445
animal studies, 443445
cpidcmiologic studies and case reports, 443
toxicology research, 6
Hazard index approach, risk evaluation using,
466-468
arsenic risk assessment studies, 487-490
petroleum hydrocarbons exposure and risk studies,
484-486
Hazard quotient (H(2) calculations:
risk assessment studies, 452454
arsenic risk assessment, 487490
petroleum hydrocarbons exposure and risk,
484486
risk evaluation using, 466468
Health care facilities, occupational hazard control
case study of, 544-546
Health risk assessment:
epidemiologic studies and, 515-516
VS. ecological risk assessment, 442
Health status, dose-response data and, 26
“Healthy worker effect,” bias in epidemiologic
studies, 5 19-520
Heat-shock proteins, nephrotoxicity and 137
Hemangiosarcoma, hepatoxicity and, 123
Hematology, clinical terminology for, 90
Hematopoiesis, hematotoxicity and 88-90
Hematotoxicity:
amine compounds, 399-402
anemias, 92
aromatic amine compounds, 400402
autoimmune hemolytic anemia, 10 1
basic concepts, 87-88
bone marrow suppression, 102-104
chemical leukemogenesis, 104
clinical terms and definitions, 90
hematopoiesis mechanisms, 88-90
inorganic nitrates/nitrites and chlorate salts,
999100
leukemias and lymphomas, 91
bone marrow suppression, 102-104
lymphoid series, 94-95
metals exposure:
arsenic, 336
beryllium, 337~-338
lead poisoning, 340-341
methemoglobinemia, 100-101
myeloid series, 91-94
platelets (thrombocytes), 92-93
polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), 92.-93
red blood cells (RBC): erythrocytes, 91-92
oxygen transport:
chemical impairment, 97-99
hemoglobin, 95.-96
red blood cells:
antidotes for, 107
basophilic stippling, 108
cyanide poisoning, 105
hydrogen sulfide poisoning, 1055106
hypoxia, 96-97
oxygen transport: hemoglobin, 95-96
reptile and amphibian venoms, 423 425
solvent toxicology, benzene toxicity, 380
Hemoglobin:
anemia and, 91.-92
hypoxia and, 97
nitrite/chlorate exposure and, 99-100
protein structure, 95-96
red blood cell (RBC) development, 9 1
Hemolytic anemia:
autoimmune hemolytic anemia, 101
methemoglobin and, 100-101
Hemoproteins, biotransformation oxidations, 66
Hepatic encephalopathy, hepatoxicity and 125
Hepatic enzymes, hepatoxicity and measurement of,
126
Hepatocellular alteration, hepatoxicity and, 124
Hepatocellular carcinomas, hepatoxicity and, 123
Hepatocellular degeneration and death, 116-l 20
apoptosis, 117
calcium homeostasis, loss of, 120
endoplasmic reticulum damage, 116
immune reactions, 120
lipid peroxidation, 119
lysosomal damage, 117
macromolecular irreversible binding, 119-120
mitochondrial damage, 116
necrosis mechanisms, 117- 118
nuclei damage, 116-l 17
plasma membrane damage, 116
Hepatocytes, liver morphology, 115
Hepatotoxicity:
cholestasis, 122
cirrhosis, 123
evaluation of, 124-127
blood tests, 125-127
morphologic evaluation, 125
toxicity symptoms, 124125