2 Business overview Upstream - Exploration & Production As of December 31, <strong>2005</strong>, TOTAL’s <strong>com</strong>bined proved reserves of crude oil and natural gas were 11,106 Mboe (of which 50% were proved developed reserves). Liquids represented approximately 59% of these reserves and natural gas the remaining 41%. These reserves are located primarily in Europe (Norway, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Italy and France), Africa (Nigeria, Angola, Congo, Gabon, Libya, Algeria, and Cameroon), Asia/Far East (Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand and Brunei), North America (Canada and the United States), the Middle East (United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Yemen, Oman, Iran and Syria), South America (Venezuela, Argentina, Bolivia, Trinidad & Tobago and Colombia), and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) (Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Russia). As of December 31, 2004, TOTAL’s <strong>com</strong>bined proved reserves of crude oil and natural gas were 11,148 Mboe (of which 51% were proved developed reserves). Liquids represented approximately 63% of these reserves and natural gas the remaining 37%. These reserves were located primarily in Europe (Norway, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Italy and France), Africa (Nigeria, Angola, Congo, Gabon, Algeria, Libya and Cameroon), Asia/Far East (Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand and Brunei), North America (the United States and Canada), the Middle East (United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, Iran, Syria and Yemen), South America (Venezuela, Argentina, Bolivia, Trinidad & Tobago and Colombia) and the CIS (Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Russia). As of December 31, 2003, TOTAL’s <strong>com</strong>bined proved reserves of crude oil and natural gas were 11,401 Mboe (of which 52% were proved developed reserves). Liquids represented approximately 64% of these reserves and natural gas the remaining 36%. These reserves were located primarily in Europe (Norway, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France and Italy), Africa (Nigeria, Angola, Algeria, Congo, Gabon, Libya and Cameroon), Asia/Far 14 TOTAL - <strong>Registration</strong> <strong>Document</strong> <strong>2005</strong> East (Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar and Brunei), North America (the United States and Canada), the Middle East (United Arab Emirates, Oman, Iran, Qatar, Syria and Yemen), South America (Venezuela, Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia and Trinidad & Tobago) and the CIS (Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Russia). Proved reserves are the estimated quantities of TOTAL’s entitlement under concession contracts, production sharing agreements or buy-back agreements. These estimated quantities may vary depending on oil and gas prices. An increase in the year-end price has the effect of reducing proved reserves associated with production sharing or buy-back agreements (which represent approximately 28% of TOTAL’s reserves as of December 31, <strong>2005</strong>). Under such contracts, TOTAL is entitled to receive a portion of the production, calculated so that its sale should cover expenses incurred by the Group. With higher oil prices, the volume of entitlement necessary to cover the same amount of expenses is lower. This reduction is partially offset by an extension of the duration over which fields can be produced economically. However, the increase in reserves due to extensions is smaller than the decrease in reserves under production sharing or buyback agreements. For this reason, a higher year-end price translates into a decrease in TOTAL’s reserves. Considering the relatively high oil price as of December 31, <strong>2005</strong> (Brent $58.21/b), an estimate of reserves is provided hereinafter based on a price of $40/b. These estimates are for reserves that would have been otherwise calculated in accordance with Rule 4-10 of Regulation S-X if the Brent price at December 31, <strong>2005</strong> had been $40/b, which is <strong>com</strong>parable to the 2004 year-end price of $40.47/b. The proved reserves calculated under this $40/b assumption would have been 11,329 Mboe. The table below sets forth the amount of TOTAL’s worldwide proved reserves as of the dates indicated (including both developed and undeveloped reserves). TOTAL’s Proved Reserves (1)(2) Liquids (Mb) Natural Gas (Bcf) <strong>Total</strong> (Mboe) December 31, 2003 7,323 22,267 11,401 Change from December 31, 2002 1.3% 3.2% 1.8% December 31, 2004 7,003 22,785 11,148 Change from December 31, 2003 (4.3%) 2.3% (2.2%) December 31, <strong>2005</strong> 6,592 24,750 11,106 Change from December 31, 2004 (5.9%) 8.6% (0.4%) TOTAL Reserves (1) based on $40/b scenario Liquids (Mb) Natural Gas (Bcf) <strong>Total</strong> (Mboe) December 31, <strong>2005</strong> 6,778 24,973 11,329 (1) Includes TOTAL’s proportionate share of the proved reserves of equity affiliates and of two <strong>com</strong>panies accounted for by the cost method. See “Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited)”, included on page 231. (2) Reserves as of December, 31 <strong>2005</strong> are calculated based on a Brent crude price of $ 58.21/b in accordance with Rule 4-10 of Regulation S-X.
Production TOTAL’s average daily production of liquids and natural gas was 2,489 kboe/d in <strong>2005</strong>, down 3.7% from 2,585 kboe/d in 2004 (approximately 3% from the increase in oil and gas prices and approximately 0.5% from production shutdowns in the Gulf of Mexico due to hurricane damage, particularly Hurricane Katrina). In 2003, average production amounted to 2,539 kboe/d. Liquids accounted for approximately 65% and natural gas accounted for approximately 35% of TOTAL’s <strong>com</strong>bined liquids and natural gas production in <strong>2005</strong> on an oil equivalent basis. The table on the next page sets forth by geographic area TOTAL’s average daily production of crude oil and natural gas for each of the last three years. Consistent with industry practice, TOTAL often holds a percentage interest in its acreage rather than a 100% stake, with the balance being held by joint venture partners (which may include other oil <strong>com</strong>panies, state oil <strong>com</strong>panies or government entities). TOTAL frequently acts as operator (the party responsible for technical production) on acreage in which it holds an interest. See “Presentation of Production Activities by Geographic Area” on pages 17 to 33 for a description of TOTAL’s principal producing fields. Business overview Exploration & Production - Upstream TOTAL - <strong>Registration</strong> <strong>Document</strong> <strong>2005</strong> 2 As in 2004 and 2003, substantially all of the crude oil production from TOTAL’s E&P activities in <strong>2005</strong> was marketed by the Trading- Shipping activities of its Downstream segment. See “Downstream—Trading-Shipping” on page 46. The majority of TOTAL’s natural gas production is sold under longterm contracts. However, its North American production is sold on a spot basis as is part of its production from the United Kingdom, Norway and Argentina. The long-term contracts under which TOTAL sells its natural gas and LNG production usually provide for a price related to, among other factors, average crude oil and other petroleum product prices as well as, in some cases, a cost of living index. Although the price of natural gas and LNG tends to fluctuate in line with crude oil prices, there is a delay before changes in crude oil prices are reflected in long-term natural gas prices. Because of the relationship between the contract price of natural gas and crude oil prices, contract prices are not generally affected by short-term market fluctuations in the spot price of natural gas. See “Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (unaudited)”, included on pages 231 to 242. 15
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TOTAL S.A. Registered Offi ce: 2, p