Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London - University Library

More documents

Recommendations

Info

112 PEOCEEDIXGS OF THE like some of his Cambridge contemporaries, he had become dissatisfied with the methods of zoological reasoning then in vogue. It was consistent with his sincerity of cliaracter and piu'pose that he could not accept conclusions based upon what seemed to him to be imperfect argument and insufficient evidence, and he found that the mode of argumentation commonly in use, though ingenious, was lacking in rigour of scientific proof. At this time a considerable body of young naturalists was collected in the Plymouth Laboratory, and discussions on the validity of the doctrine of Natural Selection were frequent. Weldon was ever a firm upholder of Natural Selection, and in these discussions took up an attitude of firm opposition to the theories of Eimer and the ueo-Lamarckiau school. At the same time he could not give unqualified assent to the brilhant speculations of AVeismann, then at the height of their influence, finding them, like the rest of current morphological speculation, too vague and too deficient in rigorous demonstration. Being therefore dissatisfied with the methods he had hitherto employed, Weldon turned his attention to the works of Francis Gralton, and on reading these more attentively than he had done before, was immediately attracted by the prospect of introducing exact mathematical proof into zoological argument. The writer well remembers his coming into the Plymouth Laboratory one morning, armed with Galton's ' Natural Inheritance,' the contents of which he forthwith proceeded to expound wuth his accustomed eagerness. He pointed out that since the time of the publication of the ' Origin of Species,' zoologists had blindly accepted Darwin's conclusions, but, with few exceptions, had neglected Darwin's methods. " Science," he said, " is measurement : Darwin made use of measurement, and if we are to make any progress his example must be followed." This was the turning-point of Weldon's career. With characteristic energy he proceeded to apply to animals the statistical methods used by Galton in anthropometric researches, and as he was engaged at the time with the development of the Shrimp, he chose this animal for his first essay in what he afterwards called Biometrics. Collecting large numbers of shrimps from three different localities, he found that the results of his measurements confirmed what Gaiton had established for man and domesticated animals, and, further, that the " probable error" of the same organ was different for the three groups of shrimps from Plymouth, Southport, and Sheerness*. In other words, the shrimps from these localities form three distinct races. Encouraged by the success of his first effort, Weldon set to work to pre])are himself for extended investigations of a like nature. Pinding at the outset that his knowledge of statistics was insufficient, he put himself through a course of mathematical study, and in a short time was fully equipped for the prosecution of higher statistical * " Tiie Variations occurring in certain Decapod Crustacea.—I. Crangon vulgaria," Proe. Royal See. vol. 47 (ls90).
LIXXEAN SOCIBTY OV LOXDOX. 113 researches. A second paper on the Correlated Variations in Cranr/on appeared in 1893, and about the same time he became a member of a committee of the Eoyal Society formed for the purpos^e of " Conducting Statistical Enquiries into the Measnrable Characteristics of Phmts and Animals." In connection with this Committee, he began an investigation on the variability of the breadths of tlie frontal carapace in the common shore-ci'ab, Carcinns manas, and this led to Avhat was probably the most brilliant of his discoveries. He found that the mean frontal breadth of crabs talceu from Plymouth Sound was diminishing at a relatively rapid rate, and came to the concliisiou that this diminution was due to the changed conditions of Plymouth Sound owing to the great increase of the population of the three towns dischar
Page 2 and 3:
THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY
Page 7:
IBER 1906.] [Price 10s. PROCEEDINGS
Page 10 and 11:
PRINTED BY TATIOK AKD PEANCIS, KED
Page 12 and 13:
Publications of the Society issued
Page 14 and 15:
2 PROCEEDIXGS OF THE Mr. W. C. WoES
Page 16 and 17:
4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE January 15th,
Page 18 and 19:
6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE February oth,
Page 20 and 21:
6 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE reckoned that
Page 22 and 23:
lO PEOCEEDIKGS OF THE April 2nd, 19
Page 24 and 25:
12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2. The Evolut
Page 26 and 27:
14 Dr. Julius Victor Carus. | PiiOC
Page 28 and 29:
l6 PKOCEEDINGS OF TILE PRESIDENTIAL
Page 30 and 31:
1 8 PHOCEEDINGS OF THE had beeu spa
Page 32 and 33:
20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE digesting enz
Page 34 and 35:
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE I now returne
Page 36 and 37:
2 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE this—that
Page 38 and 39:
26 PROCEEDIXGS OF THE not adorn our
Page 40 and 41:
28 PROCEEDIN^GS OF THE good employe
Page 42 and 43:
30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE large collect
Page 44 and 45:
32 PIlOCEEDI2^GS OF THE 8. The Geol
Page 46 and 47:
34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE for the inA"e
Page 48 and 49:
^6 PROCEEDIIS'GS OF THE Upper and L
Page 50 and 51:
3° PEOCEEDINGS OF THE in our late
Page 52 and 53:
40 PROCEEDINGS OE THE Sir DiETKiCH
Page 54 and 55:
42 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE ABSTEACTS. jS
Page 56 and 57:
44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE In the first
Page 58 and 59:
46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE how the legum
Page 60 and 61:
48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE June 4th, 190
Page 62 and 63:
ADDITIONS AND DONATIONS TO THE LIBR
Page 64 and 65:
52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Baker (Marcus
Page 66 and 67:
54 — British Museum {continued.)
Page 68 and 69:
56 PROCEEDnfGS OF THE Cole (William
Page 70 and 71:
58 PBOCEEDINGS OF THE Ducret (Eugen
Page 72 and 73:
6o PROCEEDINGS OF THE Froggatt (Wal
Page 74 and 75:
62 PKOCEEDINGS OP THE Haiisgirg (An
Page 76 and 77:
64 PEOCEKDINGS OF THE Joiick (Karl)
Page 78 and 79:
66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Liverpool. Bi
Page 80 and 81:
68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Milne-Edwards
Page 82 and 83:
70 PKOCEBDINOS OF THE Pillai (T. Po
Page 84 and 85:
72 PUOCEEDINGS OF THE Sclater (Will
Page 86 and 87:
74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Sydney. Techn
Page 88 and 89:
76 PEOCEEDIXGS OF THE Warman (Phili
Page 90 and 91:
78 PROCEEDINGS OE THE 2alilbruckner
Page 92 and 93:
INDEX TO THE PROCEEDINGS. SESSION 1
Page 94 and 95:
82 Gardiner, J. S., Marine Alga; co
Page 96 and 97:
84 President, abstract of paper, 42
Page 98 and 99:
PKIXTED BY TAYIOK AND FEANCIS, KED
Page 100 and 101:
PRINTED BY TAYLOE AND FRANCIS, RED
Page 102 and 103:
IV Publications of tte Society issu
Page 104 and 105:
2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE of the Society
Page 106 and 107:
4 PBOCEEDINGS OF THE be a Special M
Page 108 and 109:
6 PBOCEEDINGS OF THE of Phaseolus v
Page 110 and 111:
o PBOCEEDINGS OF THE March 3rd, 190
Page 112 and 113:
lO PROCEEDINGS OF THE later meeting
Page 114 and 115:
12 PKOCEEDINGS Of THE Mr. Philip i'
Page 116 and 117:
14 o o CO CO o 5>i 3»^ to to f^ e"
Page 118 and 119:
1 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Mr. V. H. Bl
Page 120 and 121:
1 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE generosity,
Page 122 and 123:
20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE most characte
Page 124 and 125:
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE has naturally
Page 126 and 127:
24 PI10CEEDING8 Ol' THE Another per
Page 128 and 129:
26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE part of the w
Page 130 and 131:
28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ' Systeraa Na
Page 132 and 133:
3° PEOCEEDINGS OF THE Only more pr
Page 134 and 135:
32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Dr. Charles H
Page 136 and 137:
34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE principal pub
Page 138 and 139:
X ^6 PROCEEDINGS or THE became Gove
Page 140 and 141:
38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Woronin is de
Page 142 and 143:
40 PBOCEEDINGS OF THE Dr. E. Dbabbl
Page 144 and 145:
42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIE
Page 146 and 147:
44 PBOCEBDINGS OF THE Bailey (F. M.
Page 148 and 149:
46 — PEOCEEDINQS OF THE BuUiard (
Page 150 and 151:
48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Cowan (Thomas
Page 152 and 153:
50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Flore de Buit
Page 154 and 155:
52 PEOCEBDINGS OF THE Haeckel (E. H
Page 156 and 157:
54 PKOCEEBINGS OF XHK Ihering (Herm
Page 158 and 159:
56 PROCEEDINGS OP THE Leeuwenhoek (
Page 160 and 161:
58 PllOCEEDINGS or THE Manila (con.
Page 162 and 163:
6o tHOCElODlKGS OF THE Newstead (Ro
Page 164 and 165:
62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Rhumbler (Lud
Page 166 and 167:
64 rEOCEEDlJSGS OF THE Stebbing {Ke
Page 168 and 169:
66 PEOCEKi)i;jfGS or the Warre {Bev
Page 170 and 171:
68 PROCEEDINGS OP THE LINNEAN SOCIE
Page 172 and 173:
70 Carpinus Betulus (Benson & Sanda
Page 174 and 175:
72 Now Guinea, P(77(??HO??, from (D
Page 177 and 178:
LIBRARY OF THE umvEMmr of iujnois
Page 179 and 180:
PROCEEDINGS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
Page 181 and 182:
Frontispiece. CONTENTS. Page List o
Page 183 and 184:
PROCEEDINGS or THE L1N;\EAN SOCIETY
Page 185 and 186:
LINNEi-ir SOCIETY OF LONDON. 2. " S
Page 187 and 188:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 5 Her Gr
Page 189 and 190:
LINNBAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 7 Miss E
Page 191 and 192:
— HNXEA;y SOCIETY OF LONDGX. 9 Th
Page 193 and 194:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. II 4. Fu
Page 195 and 196:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 1 growth
Page 197 and 198:
Q LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 15
Page 199 and 200:
— LINNBAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 1 An
Page 201 and 202:
LINNEA.N SOCIETY OF LONDON. 1 this
Page 203 and 204:
LINJfEAX SOCIETY OF LONDON. 21 The
Page 205 and 206:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONBON. 23 ova,
Page 207 and 208:
UNNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 25 adopte
Page 209 and 210:
LIKNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 27 secre
Page 211 and 212:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 29 Linne
Page 213 and 214:
LINNEA.M SOCIETY OF LONDON. 3 and t
Page 215 and 216:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. ^;^ visi
Page 217 and 218:
LINXEAX SOCIETY Of LOXDOX. 35 At th
Page 219 and 220:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 37 niau
Page 221 and 222:
LINNBAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 39 Works
Page 223 and 224:
LINNBAN SOCIETY OP LONDON. 4 our So
Page 225 and 226:
LINNEAN SOCIETY Or LONDON. 43 his f
Page 227 and 228:
LINNEAN SOCIETY Or LONDON. 45 With
Page 229 and 230:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF hOyDOyi. 47 trib
Page 231 and 232:
LINNEAX SOCIETY OF LONDON. 4{; twen
Page 233 and 234:
LINNEAX SOCIEXr OF LONDON. 5 I fame
Page 235 and 236:
LINXEAN SOCIETY OF LOXDOX. 53 his r
Page 237 and 238:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LOXDON. 55 explo
Page 239 and 240:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 57 Corif
Page 241 and 242:
LIXNEAX SOCIETY (tl' LOXDOX. 59 ABS
Page 243 and 244:
LIXXEAX SOCIETY OF LOXDOX. 6i Phyto
Page 245 and 246:
LIKNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDOX. 63 Dr, H
Page 247 and 248:
ADDITIONS AND DONATIONS TO THE LI B
Page 249 and 250:
LINNE.VK SOCIKTY OF LOXDOX. 67 Barc
Page 251 and 252:
British Museum {continued). LIXNEAN
Page 253 and 254:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 7 I Camb
Page 255 and 256:
MNNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 73 Daday
Page 257 and 258:
) ; : LINXEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 75
Page 259 and 260:
. LIXXKAX SOCIEXV OF LOXDOX. 77 Hoc
Page 261 and 262:
MNNEAN SOCIETY OV LONDON. '9 Eand I
Page 263 and 264:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 8l [Marf
Page 265 and 266:
LINNBAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 83 Phila
Page 267 and 268:
LIITNEAK SOCIETY OF LONDON. 85 Saff
Page 269 and 270:
LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LOHTBON. 87 True
Page 271 and 272:
INDEX TO THE PROCEEDINGS. SESSION 1
Page 273 and 274:
Dillenius , J. J., Koeleria valesia
Page 275 and 276:
Nepenthes, Hybrid, exhibited by W.
Page 277:
Thaliacea, Biscajan Plankton. Pt. I
Page 280 and 281:
I'KINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS. RED
Page 282 and 283:
Publications of the Society issued
Page 284 and 285:
— 2 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE distributi
Page 286 and 287:
4 PROCBEDIIS'GS OP THE Mr. W. T. Hi
Page 288 and 289:
O PEOCEEDINGS OF THE as recommendat
Page 290 and 291:
Grocm, Prof. P. Giinther, Dr. A., F
Page 292 and 293:
lO PBOCEEDnSTGS OE THE In oceanogra
Page 294 and 295:
12 PEOCEEDIKGS OF THE Miss Nina Tra
Page 296 and 297:
14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE (who was pres
Page 298 and 299:
o CO o ^ ^ ^ i6 PBOCEBDINGS OF IHE
Page 300 and 301:
J 8 PKOCEEDINGS Or THE PEESIDENTIAL
Page 302 and 303:
20 PROCEEDI^^GS OF THE Trustees hav
Page 304 and 305:
22 PROCKEDIXGS OY THE recount again
Page 306 and 307:
94 PEOCEEDINGS OE THE since I came
Page 308 and 309:
26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE an insect" in
Page 310 and 311:
28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE to the life-h
Page 312 and 313:
30 — PKOCBEDINGS OF THE The ballo
Page 314 and 315:
32 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE very extensiv
Page 316 and 317:
34 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE and was publi
Page 318 and 319:
36 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE Lord Tennyson
Page 320 and 321:
38 PEOCEEDDfGS Or THE Edinburgh Aca
Page 322 and 323:
40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE commodious ho
Page 324 and 325:
42 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE Koelliker's v
Page 326 and 327:
44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE favourably st
Page 328 and 329:
46 PROCEEDINGS OE THE Mrs. Percy Sl
Page 330 and 331:
48 PBOCEEDIIS-GS OF THE The genus E
Page 332 and 333:
50 l'KCC£EDJ>'GS OF THE purported
Page 334 and 335:
52 PEOCEEDI]S"GS OF THE ABSTEACTS.
Page 336 and 337:
54 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE Vascular Cryp
Page 338 and 339:
56 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE lY. The Evolu
Page 340 and 341:
58 PEOCEEDI^'GS OF THE these organs
Page 342 and 343:
6o PEOCEEDIXGS OF THE fi'iend. He p
Page 344 and 345:
62 PEOCEEDi:>GS OF THE The engravin
Page 346 and 347:
64 PnOCEEDI^'GS OF THE family. At o
Page 348 and 349:
66 PUOC'KEiJlNGS OF THE no more at
Page 350 and 351:
68 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE Archbishop vo
Page 353:
CARL VON I.INNE. Proc. Linn. Soc.,1
Page 357:
CARL VON LINNE. Proc. Linn. Soc, 19
Page 361: CARL VON LINNE. Proc. Linn. Soc, 19
Page 365: CARL VON LINNE. Proc. Linn. Soc.,19
Page 368 and 369: 70 PliOCKEUIN^GS or THE BENEFACTION
Page 370 and 371: 72 PROCEEniXGS OF THE 1843. Subscri
Page 372 and 373: 74 rEOCEEDTKGS Of THE 1880. The Sec
Page 374 and 375: 76 PEOCEEDINGS Or THE LINNEAN SOCIE
Page 376 and 377: 7 8 rK0CBi:DiNGS or the Antarctique
Page 378 and 379: 8o PKOCEEDINGS OF THE British Museu
Page 380 and 381: 82 PROCEEDI>-GS OF THE Casado (Manu
Page 382 and 383: 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Dublin. Depar
Page 384 and 385: 86 PKOCEEDIXGS Oi" TUK Fletcher (Ja
Page 386 and 387: S8 PBOCEEDI>'GS OF THE Hall (Alfred
Page 388 and 389: go PEOCEEDIXGS OF THE Jagerskiold (
Page 390 and 391: 92 PEOCEEDIiJfGS OF THE Leuckart (R
Page 392 and 393: 94 PEOCEEDIXGS OF xnE Chajtognatha,
Page 394 and 395: g6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Moeller (Jose
Page 396 and 397: 98 PROCEEDITs'GS OP THE Oxford. See
Page 398 and 399: lOO PllOCEEDIKGS OF THE Rothpletz (
Page 400 and 401: I02 PEOCEEDIXGS OF THE Sim (Thomas
Page 402 and 403: 104 pkoceedijsgs of the ' Triton,'
Page 404 and 405: Io6 niOCEEDINGS OF XITE Wintons(A.
Page 406 and 407: I08 PROCEEDIXGS OF THE DONATIONS IN
Page 408 and 409: I lO PPiOCEEDI^'GS OF THE fill in t
Page 412 and 413: 114 PROCEEDIXGS OF THE LIXXEAX SOCI
Page 414 and 415: ii6 IXDEX. Cliamberlain, V. I., dec
Page 416 and 417: iiS Poulton, Prof. E. B., elected C
Page 420: ^> 'v' ";•^2^I?v^.!^*^:^J Publica
show all

Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London - University Library

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?