FEMA P55 Coastal Construction Manual, Fourth Edition - Mad Cad

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Volume II DESIGNING THE BUILDING 9 Figure 9-10. Roof truss-to-masonry wall connectors embedded into concrete-filled or grouted masonry cell (left-hand side image has a top plate installed while the right-hand side does not) COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL Figure 9-11. Connection of wall top plate-to-wall stud (Link #3) For masonry or concrete walls, the wood sill plate is typically connected by anchor bolts, cast-in straps, or other approved fasteners capable of maintaining a load path for uplift, lateral, and shear loads. Anchorage spacing varies based on the anchorage resistance to pullout, the resistance of the plate to bending, and strength of the anchorage in shear. Anchorage must be spaced to resist pullout, and the plate must resist bending and splitting. Placing anchor bolts close together assists in reducing the bending stress in the plate. 9-11
9 DESIGNING THE BUILDING Volume II Figure 9-12. Wall top plate-to-wall stud metal connector 9.1.4 Wall Sheathing to Window Header (Link #4) Link #4 is the connection between the wood structural panel wall sheathing and the window header (see Figures 9-6 and 9-13). The connection maintains the uplift load path from the wall top plates for the same force as determined for the roof connection to the wall minus additional dead load from the wall. Options for maintaining the uplift load path include using metal connectors between the wall studs and header or wood structural panel sheathing (see Figures 9-13 and 9-14). The uplift load path is frequently made with wood structural panel wall sheathing, particularly when the uplift and shear forces in the wall are not very high. Additional design considerations include the resistance of the window header to bending from gravity loads, wind uplift, and out-of-plane bending loads from wind. In masonry construction, a masonry or concrete bond beam, or a pre-cast concrete or masonry header, is often used over the window opening. Design considerations for this beam include resistance to bending in both the plane of the wall and normal to the wall. Resistance to bending is accomplished by placing reinforcing steel in the bond beam. Reinforcing steel must be placed in the bond beam in order for the beam to adequately resist bending stresses. The design of these members is beyond the scope of this <strong>Manual</strong>; therefore, the prescriptive methods presented in ICC 600-2008, or concrete and masonry references should be used. 9.1.5 Window Header to Exterior Wall (Link #5) Link #5 is the connection from the window header to the adjacent wall framing (see Figures 9-6 and 9-14). Link #5 provides resistance to wind uplift and often consists of a metal strap or end-nailing the stud to the header. The total uplift force is based on the uplift forces tributary to the header. Maintaining the load path for the out-of-plane forces at this location includes consideration of both the positive (inward) and the negative (outward) pressures from wind. This load path is commonly developed by the stud-to-header nailing. One method of sizing the connection between the window header and the exterior wall is provided in Example 9.3. 9-12 COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
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Coastal Construction Manual Princip
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All illustrations in this document
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PREFACE Volume II Chapter 8 - Site-
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1 CHAPTER TITLE Contents COASTAL CO
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Volume II CONTENTS Chapter 9. Desig
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Volume II CONTENTS Chapter 11. Desi
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Volume II CONTENTS 12.5 Water and W
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Volume II CONTENTS 15.4.1 Evaluatin
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Volume II CONTENTS Figure 9-10. Roo
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Volume II CONTENTS Figure 11-3. Hou
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Volume II CONTENTS Figure 11-47. Da
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Volume II CONTENTS Table 10-9. Adva
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Volume II CONTENTS Example 8.4. Flo
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1 CHAPTER TITLE COASTAL CONSTRUCTIO
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Volume II PRE-DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
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8 DETERMINING SITE-SPECIFIC LOADS V
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12 INSTALLING MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
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13 CONSTRUCTING THE BUILDING Volume
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14 MAINTAINING THE BUILDING Volume
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Volume II RETROFITTING BUILDINGS FO
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1 CHAPTER TITLE Acronyms COASTAL CO
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Volume II ACRONYMS H HMA Hazard Mit
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Volume II ACRONYMS T TMS The Masonr
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GLOSSARY Volume II Basement - Under
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GLOSSARY Volume II Conditions Great
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GLOSSARY Volume II F Federal Emerge
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GLOSSARY Volume II G Gabion - Rock-
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GLOSSARY Volume II Location - The l
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GLOSSARY Volume II O Open foundatio
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GLOSSARY Volume II Risk tolerance -
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GLOSSARY Volume II safe living cond
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GLOSSARY Volume II Z Zone A - Under
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INDEX Volume II Building envelope,
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INDEX Volume II stillwater flood de
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INDEX Volume II Floodborne debris d
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INDEX Volume II I IBHS (see Insuran
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INDEX Volume II date of constructio
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INDEX Volume II Seawall, 7-7, 7-17,
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INDEX Volume II velocity pressure,
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FEMA P55 Coastal Construction Manual, Fourth Edition - Mad Cad

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