FEMA P55 Coastal Construction Manual, Fourth Edition - Mad Cad

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11 Designing the builDing envelope Volume II Tis chapter does not address basic design issues or the general good practices that are applicable to residential design. Rather, the chapter builds on the basics by addressing the special design and construction considerations of the building envelope for buildings that are susceptible to natural hazards in the coastal environment. Flooding efects on the building envelope are not addressed because of the assumption that the envelope will not be inundated by foodwater, but envelope resistance to wind-driven rain is addressed. Te recommended measures for protection against wind-driven rain should also be adequate to protect against wave spray. 11.1 Floors in Elevated Buildings Sheathing is commonly applied to the underside of the bottom foor framing of a building that is elevated on an open foundation. Te sheathing provides the following protection: (1) it protects insulation between joists or trusses from wave spray, (2) it helps minimize corrosion of framing connectors and fasteners, and (3) it protects the foor framing from being knocked out of alignment by food-borne debris passing under the building. A variety of sheathing materials have been used to sheath the framing, including cement-fber panels, gypsum board, metal panels, plywood, and vinyl siding. Damage investigations have revealed that plywood ofers the most reliable performance in high winds. However, as shown in Figure 11-4, even though plywood has been used, a sufcient number of fasteners are needed to avoid blow-of. Since ASCE 7 does not provide guidance for load determination, professional judgment in specifying the attachment schedule is needed. As a conservative approach, loads can be calculated by using the C&C coefcients for a roof with the slope of 7 degrees or less. However, the roof corner load is likely overly conservative for the underside of elevated foors. Applying the perimeter load to the corner area is likely sufciently conservative. To achieve good long-term performance, exterior grade plywood attached with stainless steel or hot-dip galvanized nails or screws is recommended (see the corroded nails in Figure 11-4). 11.2 Exterior Doors Tis section addresses exterior personnel doors and garage doors. Te most common problems are entrance of wind- Cross referenCe driven rain and breakage of glass vision panels and sliding glass doors by wind-borne debris. Blow-of of personnel doors is For information regarding garage uncommon but as shown in Figure 11-5, it can occur. Personnel doors in breakaway walls, see Fact Sheet 8.1, Enclosures and door blow-of is typically caused by inadequate attachment of Breakaway Walls, in FEMA P-499, the door frame to the wall. Garage door failure via negative Home Builder’s Guide to Coastal (suction) or positive pressure was common before doors with Construction Technical Fact high-wind resistance became available (see Figure 11-6). Sheet Series (FEMA 2010b). Garage door failure is typically caused by the use of door and track assemblies that have insufcient wind resistance or by inadequate attachment of the tracks to nailers or to the wall. Failures such as those shown in Figures 11-5 and 11-6 can result in a substantial increase in internal pressure and can allow entrance of a signifcant amount of wind-driven rain. 11-4 COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
Volume II Designing the builDing envelope 11 COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL Figure 11-4. Plywood panels on the underside of a house that blew away because of excessive nail spacing. Note the corroded nails (inset). Estimated wind speed: 105 to 115 mph. Hurricane Ivan (Alabama, 2004) Figure 11-5. Sliding glass doors pulled out of their tracks by wind suction. Estimated wind speed: 140 to 160 mph. Hurricane Charley (Florida, 2004) 11-5
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Coastal Construction Manual Princip
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All illustrations in this document
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PREFACE Volume II Chapter 8 - Site-
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1 CHAPTER TITLE Contents COASTAL CO
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Volume II CONTENTS Chapter 9. Desig
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Volume II CONTENTS 12.5 Water and W
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Volume II CONTENTS Table 10-9. Adva
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Volume II CONTENTS Example 8.4. Flo
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1 CHAPTER TITLE COASTAL CONSTRUCTIO
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Volume II PRE-DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
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8 DETERMINING SITE-SPECIFIC LOADS V
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9 DESIGNING THE BUILDING Volume II
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12 INSTALLING MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
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13 CONSTRUCTING THE BUILDING Volume
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14 MAINTAINING THE BUILDING Volume
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1 CHAPTER TITLE COASTAL CONSTRUCTIO
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Volume II RETROFITTING BUILDINGS FO
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1 CHAPTER TITLE Acronyms COASTAL CO
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Volume II ACRONYMS H HMA Hazard Mit
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Volume II ACRONYMS T TMS The Masonr
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GLOSSARY Volume II Basement - Under
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GLOSSARY Volume II Conditions Great
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GLOSSARY Volume II F Federal Emerge
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GLOSSARY Volume II G Gabion - Rock-
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GLOSSARY Volume II Location - The l
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GLOSSARY Volume II O Open foundatio
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GLOSSARY Volume II Risk tolerance -
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GLOSSARY Volume II safe living cond
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GLOSSARY Volume II Z Zone A - Under
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INDEX Volume II Building envelope,
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INDEX Volume II stillwater flood de
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INDEX Volume II Floodborne debris d
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INDEX Volume II I IBHS (see Insuran
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INDEX Volume II date of constructio
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INDEX Volume II Seawall, 7-7, 7-17,
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INDEX Volume II velocity pressure,
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FEMA P55 Coastal Construction Manual, Fourth Edition - Mad Cad

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