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Study Setting Intervention type Lincetto (2000) Malaba (2005) Malhotra (1994) Mandelbrot (2002) Mozambique urban Zimbabw e urban India urban Cote d'Ivoire Burkina Faso; urban Non-clinical Service organization: Kangaroo Mother Care Clinical Drug treatment (including micronutrient supplementation) Clinical Surgical/ instrumental procedures Clinical Other clinical management Comparison Study design N/ A Observationa l studies without comparison group No intervention Normal/ existing service/ financing mechanism/ regulation No intervention Controlled experimenta l study Observationa l studies with comparison group Controlled experimenta l study Target population Neonates with LBW (
Study Setting Intervention type Martins Cesario (2008) Mbaruku (1995) Mbori- Ngacha (2001) Miller (1994) Guinea Bissau urban Tanzania urban Kenya urban Egypt urban Clinical Vaccinations Non-clinical Service organization Non-clinical Nutrition (including breastfeeding) Clinical Drug treatment (including micronutrient supplementation) Comparison Study design alternative intervention s/ service/ financing mechanism/ regulation No intervention Normal/ existing service/ financing mechanism/ regulation Normal/ existing service/ financing mechanism/ regulation Controlled experimenta l study Observationa l studies with comparison group Controlled experimenta l study Observationa l studies with comparison group Target population Neonates in general Women in general HIV-1 infected women Infants in general Sample size Length (months) Intervention claims Internal validity Appendix 3.1 1333 10 neutral ++ ++ 132 maternal deaths unclear/ not stated positive 425 78 neutral 1,038 unclear/ not stated - - ++ ++ positive + ++ What are the effects of different models of delivery <strong>for</strong> improving maternal and infant health outcomes <strong>for</strong> poor people in urban areas in low income and lower middle income countries? 141 External validity
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Systematic review What are the effe
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Contents List of abbreviations ....
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List of abbreviations AIDS Acquired
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Executive summary Background Execut
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Executive summary be to retrospecti
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Background many LICs and LMCs, it i
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Background Cross-sectional surveys
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Background For some causes of mater
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Background informal settlements on
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Background review focused on explic
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Types of intervention Interventions
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Box 2.2: Websites searched AFD (Age
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second stage previously described f
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using qualitative analysis to attem
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Figure 3.1: Filtering of papers fro
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Middle East and North Africa (8%) S
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Search results access or satisfacti
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4. Synthesis results Summary Synthe
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Synthesis results Four studies focu
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Drug treatments (including micronut
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Synthesis results Training and audi
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Synthesis results order to be effec
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Synthesis results government admini
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HIV/AIDS and Malaria, as well as no
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Synthesis results ASSESSING THE COS
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and birthing care services, includi
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Synthesis results of settings were
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Figure 4.1: Causal chain for matern
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4.3 Summary of results of causal ch
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5. Strengths and limitations Summar
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6. Conclusions and recommendations
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Conclusions and recommendations Urb
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References Bakr A F, Karkour T (200
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References Deschamps M M, Noel F, B
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References Lim S, Dandona L, Hoisin
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References Shantharam Baliga B, Rag
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References Channon A A, Falkingham
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References Jowett M (2000) Safe Mot
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References Rice J, Rice J S (2009)
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Appendices Appendix 1.1: Authorship
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Appendix 2.1: Inclusion and exclusi
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Appendix 2.2: Search strategy for e
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Appendix 2.2 Infant* OR Matern* OR
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OR/ 12-13 11 AND 14 Limit 15 to pub
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Appendix 2.4: Journals handsearched
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POOR PROFILE Is the study populatio
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infants (
Page 95 and 96: Appendix 2.5 Intervention (surgical
Page 97 and 98: Appendix 2.5 Intervention (service
Page 99 and 100: MORTALITY OUTCOME TYPES Which morta
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Page 103 and 104: yes no unclear/not stated N/A Study
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Page 107 and 108: no SELECTION CHARACTERISTICS Is inf
Page 109 and 110: Appendix 2.5 QUANTITATIVE DATA ADJU
Page 111 and 112: RESEARCHER RELATIONSHIP Has the rel
Page 113 and 114: Were the inclusion/exclusion criter
Page 115 and 116: person-years). 3.5 Was follow-up ti
Page 117 and 118: Appendix 2.7 Appendix 2.7: Quality
Page 119 and 120: triangulation, or for not triangula
Page 121 and 122: Was the study approved by an ethics
Page 123 and 124: Item Yes No Not clear 3. The viewpo
Page 125 and 126: Appendix 2.9: Electronic databases
Page 127 and 128: Web of Knowledge (including ISI Cit
Page 129 and 130: Study Setting Intervention type Abo
Page 131 and 132: Study Setting Intervention type Alw
Page 133 and 134: Study Setting Intervention type Ben
Page 135 and 136: Study Setting Intervention type Ble
Page 137 and 138: Study Setting Intervention type Cob
Page 139 and 140: Study Setting Intervention type Des
Page 141 and 142: Study Setting Intervention type Faw
Page 143 and 144: Study Setting Intervention type Jak
Page 145: Study Setting Intervention type Kup
Page 149 and 150: Study Setting Intervention type Nah
Page 151 and 152: Study Setting Intervention type Pad
Page 153 and 154: Study Setting Intervention type Str
Page 155 and 156: Study Setting Intervention type Zia
Page 157 and 158: Appendix 3.2 Adam G K, Abdulla M A,
Page 159 and 160: Appendix 3.2 Balkus J, Bosire R, Jo
Page 161 and 162: Appendix 3.2 Boerma J T, Stroh G (1
Page 163 and 164: Appendix 3.2 Chiwuzie J, Okojie O,
Page 165 and 166: Appendix 3.2 De Alencar A E, Arraes
Page 167 and 168: Appendix 3.2 Ekman B, Pathmanathan
Page 169 and 170: Appendix 3.2 Garg R, Omwomo W, Witt
Page 171 and 172: Appendix 3.2 Gupta R, Sachdev H P,
Page 173 and 174: Appendix 3.2 Hutton G, Schellenberg
Page 175 and 176: Appendix 3.2 Khandker S R, Latif M
Page 177 and 178: Appendix 3.2 Lindblade K A, Eisele
Page 179 and 180: Appendix 3.2 Menéndez C, Bardají
Page 181 and 182: Appendix 3.2 Nduati R, John G, Mbor
Page 183 and 184: Appendix 3.2 O'Rourke K (1995a) The
Page 185 and 186: Appendix 3.2 Prual A, De Bernis L,
Page 187 and 188: Appendix 3.2 Sabitu K, Alti-Mu'azu
Page 189 and 190: Appendix 3.2 Smith J B, Coleman N A
Page 191 and 192: Appendix 3.2 Van Rheenen P, De Moor
Page 193 and 194: Appendix 3.2 Xiang X, Wang L, Xu L
Page 195 and 196: Appendix 3.4 Appendix 3.4: Studies
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Appendix 3.4 International Bank for
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Appendix 3.5 Appendix 3.5: Studies
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Orji (2003) (-)/(-) Shihadeh (2001)
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Chinayon (1998) (+)/(+) Kamilya (20
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Nahar (2004) (-)/(-) Tukur (2007) (
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Ndibazza (2010) (++)/(+) Antiretrov
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Bergstrom (1991) (+)/(+) Women with
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Enakpene (2010) (+)/(-) Etuk (2000a
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Pereira (1996) (-)/(-) Saleem (2007
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Joshi (2007
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Aaby (2005)
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Martins (20
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) de Muylder
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Provider mo
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Appendix 4.4: Included items dealin
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Target Popu
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Colonna (19
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Kuhn (2008)
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Target popu
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Mswia (2003
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Appendix 4.6: Included items dealin
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Appendix 4.8 Appendix 4.8: Economic
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) and setting
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Appendix 4.9: Included items identi
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Poor urban
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Author (year) (IV)/(EV) Poor urban
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Appendix 4.10: High-quality include
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The authors of this report were sup
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