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192 Bibliographie [71] Paris CB, Cowen RK. Direct evidence of a biophysical retention mechanism for coral reef fish larvae. Limnology and Oceanography 49, 1964–1979 (2004). [72] Houde ED. Comparative growth, mortality, and energetics of marine fish larvae : Temperature and implied latitudinal effects. Fisheries Bulletin 87, 471–495 (1989). [73] Otterlei E, Nyhammer G, Folkvord A, Stefansson SO. Temperature and size dependent growth of larval and juvenile cod (Gadus morhua L.) – a comparative study between Norwegian coastal cod and Northeast Arctic cod. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 2099–2111 (1999). [74] Boehlert GW, Watson W, Sun LC. Horizontal and vertical distributions of larval fishes around an isolated oceanic island in the tropical Pacific. Deep Sea Research Part I : Oceanographic Research Papers 39, 436–466 (1992). [75] Gray CA. Do thermoclines explain the vertical distributions of larval fishes in the dynamic coastal waters of south-eastern Australia ? Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 47, 183–190 (1996). [76] Rissik D, Suthers IM. Enhanced feeding by pelagic juvenile myctophid fishes within a region of island-induced flow disturbance in the Coral Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 203, 263–273 (2000). [77] Gray CA, Kingsford MJ. Variability in thermocline depth and strength, and the relationships with vertical distributions of fish larvae and mesozooplancton in dynamic coastal waters. Marine Ecology Progress Series 247, 221–224 (2003). [78] Fiksen Ø, Jørgensen C, Kristiansen T, Vikebø F, Huse G. Linking behavioural ecology and oceanography : larval behaviour determines growth, mortality and dispersal. Marine Ecology Progress Series 347, 195–205 (2007). [79] Pearre S. Problems of detection and interpretation of vertical migration. Journal of Plankton Research 1, 29–44 (1979). [80] Vikebø F, Jørgensen C, Kristiansen T, Fiksen Ø. Drift, growth, and survival of larval Northeast Arctic cod with simple rules of behaviour. Marine Ecology Progress Series 347, 207–219 (2007). [81] Brickman D, Marteinsdottir G, Taylor L. Formulation and application of an efficient optimized biophysical model. Marine Ecology Progress Series 347, 275–284 (2007). [82] Codling EA, Hill NA, Pitchford JW, Simpson SD. Random walk models for the movement and recruitment of reef fish larvae. Marine Ecology Progress Series 279, 215–224 (2004). [83] Smith NP, Stoner AW. Computer simulation of larval transport through tidal channels : Role of vertical migration. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 37, 43–58 (1993). [84] Werner FE, Page FH, Lynch DR, Loder JW, Lough RG, Perry RI, Greeberg DA, Sinclair NM. Influences of mean advection and simple behavior on the distribution of cod and haddock early life stages on Georges Bank. Fisheries Oceanography 2, 43–64 (1993).
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À mon étoile.
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vi Résumé La plupart des organism
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viii Abstract Most demersal marine
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x Table des matières 1.3.3 Simple
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xii Table des matières 6.2.3 Examp
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xiv Liste des figures 4.6 Distribut
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Liste des tableaux 1.1 Potential or
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2 Introduction La survie des larves
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4 Introduction Limitation par le re
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6 Introduction Les courants déterm
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8 Introduction où m est le taux de
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10 Introduction biologique simple.
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12 Introduction Le milieu lui-même
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14 Introduction Figure I.6 Schémat
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16 Introduction obstacles technique
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18 Introduction Figure I.8 Prédict
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20 Introduction I.5 La biologie des
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22 Introduction du fonctionnement d
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24 Introduction L’objectif de cet
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26 Behaviour in models 1.1 Introduc
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28 Behaviour in models Using mean p
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30 Behaviour in models 1.3 Vertical
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32 Behaviour in models . . . bring
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34 Behaviour in models of measured
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36 Behaviour in models Additive dis
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38 Behaviour in models In situ stud
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40 Behaviour in models Operational
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42 Behaviour in models Effects on p
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44 Behaviour in models begins is no
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46 Behaviour in models 1.10 Conclus
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48 Larvae orientation in situ Diver
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50 Larvae orientation in situ . . .
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52 Larvae orientation in situ optio
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54 Larvae orientation in situ if >
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56 Larvae orientation in situ Table
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58 Larvae orientation in situ that
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60 Larvae orientation in situ 2.A A
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62 Behaviour of settling fishes at
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Chapter 4 Biophysical correlates in
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Methods 71 4.2 Methods 4.2.1 Sampli
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Methods 73 Three rotations were com
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Methods 75 test really focuses on w
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Results 77 Figure 4.3 Mean of insta
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Results 79 Figure 4.5 Perspective v
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Results 81 Table 4.1 Abundances of
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Results 83 Figure 4.8 Distribution
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Results 85 Figure 4.10 Concentratio
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Discussion 87 Figure 4.11 Compariso
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Discussion 89 But the most likely e
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Acknowledgements 91 This evidence a
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Chapter 5 Ontogenetic vertical “m
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The statistical analysis of vertica
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Methods 101 80, 55, 30 m (Figure 4.
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Methods 103 same station were likel
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Results 105 Figure 5.2 Univariate r
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Results 107 5.4.3 Ontogenetic shift
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Results 109 Figure 5.5 Violin plot
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Discussion 111 5.5 Discussion 5.5.1
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Discussion 113 expression of differ
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Chapter 6 Oceanography vs. behaviou
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Introduction 117 a good description
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A general modelling framework for l
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The balance between feeding and pre
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Oriented swimming and passive advec
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Oriented swimming and passive advec
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Page 179 and 180: General discussion 161 such integra
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Page 185 and 186: General discussion 167 energeticall
Page 187: Acknowledgements 169 Therefore: •
Page 190 and 191: 172 Conclusion Un environnement pé
Page 192 and 193: 174 Conclusion global sur la connec
Page 194 and 195: 176 Conclusion l’intérêt est po
Page 196 and 197: 178 Conclusion La différence entre
Page 198 and 199: 180 Conclusion Mieux décrire la di
Page 200 and 201: 182 Conclusion Comme tout comportem
Page 202 and 203: 184 Undescribed Chaetodonthidae Fig
Page 204 and 205: 186 Undescribed Chaetodonthidae Fig
Page 206 and 207: 188 Bibliographie [12] Cushing DH.
Page 208 and 209: 190 Bibliographie [39] Johnson MW.
Page 212 and 213: 194 Bibliographie [99] Lara MR. Mor
Page 214 and 215: 196 Bibliographie [127] Masuda R, S
Page 216 and 217: 198 Bibliographie [157] Holbrook SJ
Page 218 and 219: 200 Bibliographie [187] Bowen B, Ba
Page 220 and 221: 202 Bibliographie [218] Oxenford HA
Page 222 and 223: 204 Bibliographie [246] Wellington
Page 224 and 225: 206 Bibliographie [276] Sargent RC,
Page 226 and 227: 208 Bibliographie [308] Greenberg D
Page 228 and 229: 210 Remerciements solides pour ces
Page 230 and 231: 212 Remerciements tri des larves de
Page 232: 214 Remerciements Évidemment, tout
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