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Figure 7: Issues addressed dur<strong>in</strong>g stakeholder <strong>in</strong>teractions<br />

of farmer organisations were found to have played key roles <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>novation process. With<strong>in</strong><br />

economic outcomes, improved markets and higher producer prices were important. Under<br />

support service outcomes, improved access to <strong>in</strong>formation was key. Key production outcomes<br />

<strong>in</strong>cluded the use of improved varieties and management practices that generated <strong>in</strong>creased<br />

productivity and higher <strong>in</strong>comes.<br />

Context comparison before and after success<br />

A comparison of the context before and after <strong>in</strong>novation success shows important changes<br />

<strong>in</strong> the six categories where challenges were addressed namely: the policy environment;<br />

<strong>in</strong>frastructure; <strong>in</strong>stitutions; access to efficient markets; effective support services and<br />

importantly the productivity of the farm<strong>in</strong>g system. The challenges identified were shown <strong>in</strong><br />

(Figure 3). Each category for each case study was ranked before and after success us<strong>in</strong>g a scale<br />

of one to five, one be<strong>in</strong>g very poor and five excellent and the two situations were compared<br />

us<strong>in</strong>g a radar diagram (Figure 9). This illustrates the mean of the context rank<strong>in</strong>gs for all the<br />

case studies, before and after. Although scor<strong>in</strong>gs were somewhat subjective, they demonstrate<br />

94 Agricultural Innovation <strong>in</strong> Sub-Saharan Africa

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