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2. European Union – This is an organization of European nations
that seeks to establish European citizenship; ensure freedom,
security and justice; promote economic and social progress; and
assert Europe’s role in the world. This organization developed an
international treaty for signatory countries to develop and
promulgate cybercrime laws and to aid in the cooperation of
investigations by other countries.
http://www.europa.eu.int/
3. Interpol – This is a law enforcement organization consisting of
168 countries. It is an organization that supports all law
enforcement organizations. Specifically related to cybercrime,
Interpol assists member law enforcement agencies with
investigations into cyber issues and assists in obtaining digital
evidence for member countries.
http://www.interpol.int/
4. International Organization on Computer Evidence (IOCE) –
This is an international body of forensic and law enforcement
organizations developing standards for acquiring, transferring, and
analyzing digital evidence.
http://www.ioce.org/
The Need for Law Enforcement
During the 1980s and the 1990s law enforcement embarked on a new
challenge. That challenge was investigating and solving the increased number
of computer media criminal cases. At first the law enforcement challenge
focused on stand-alone computer systems requiring computer forensic analysis.
Expertise in this area was hard to find, especially in the law enforcement
community. Also, in that era, bulletin board systems (BBS) became popular. If
a computer owner was rich enough, he or she could buy a modem, which
allowed a user to dial into these BBSs. Hacking the BBS became the first form
of computer intrusion. Later as Internet access increased and businesses, the
government, and universities installed local area networks connected to the
Internet, cybercrime went global. Law enforcement now needed to handle
network crimes as well as stand alone computer systems.
Fighting Computer Crime with a Computer
Two paths of investigation were necessary to solve such crimes. The
first was the investigation into network-like crimes. This required knowledge
of networks, methods that could lead to the identity of the subject, and
knowledge about the evidence on those systems to prove the subject committed
the crime.
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