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e. Generalization is too important. Researcher can provide this by controlling
unwanted limitations resulted from research of a great degree.
f. In this method all he variables will be kept constant and controlled. Researcher
can determine the effects of main independent variables and distinguish extent
of change and effects of unwanted variables and calculate the extent and effect
of actions and reactions of effects of variables.
2-3-3. Quasi – experimental Research Method:
The word Quasi – experimental was used for the first time in Campbell
dictionary in 1957. Maybe, the most important factor in creation of this method was
defects of true experimental method studying man in real situations.
There is no possibility of controlling or manipulation of variables and information and
experiment is carried out in environment close to natural.
Characteristics of Quasi – experimental Research Method:
a. This is a scientific method used in social and real situations. In this way, we
can't control all the variables, but some of them. So the main role of researchers
is to recognize exceptions and limitations and evaluating them.
b. Quasi – experimental method is very sensitive and when men are under study, it
will be more sensitive.
2-3-4. Historical Research Method:
them.
In this method researcher tries to gather information and evaluate and analyze
Characteristics:
a. Historical research depends on information gathered by others.
b. The information can be gathered by :
1. Primary sources like documents recorded by observers.
2. Secondary sources are reports from the events which don't have witness.
This report can be based on the interview with witness. For example
information in history books or others.
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