Full Report - Subregional Office for East and North-East Asia - escap

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FIGURES Page A. An integrated framework ............................................................................................................................. 5 B. “Sound” macroeconomic indicators before the crisis ........................................................................ 8 1.1. Real quarterly GDP growth of major developed economies, year-on-year, 2007-2012 ........ 16 1.2. Total and youth unemployment rates in selected Asia-Pacific economies, latest available data .................................................................................................................................. 21 1.3. Informal employment as a share of non-agricultural employment in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies, latest available data ........................................... 22 1.4. Labour productivity: GDP per person employed in selected Asia-Pacific economies .......... 22 1.5. Oil price, FAO food price index and consumer price inflation (year-on-year) in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies, 2007-February 2013 ..................................... 26 1.6. Policy rates in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies, 2010-February 2013 ................ 27 1.7. Asset responses after quantitative easing implementation announcements, percentage change ........................................................................................................................................................... 29 1.8. Fluctuations in equities in developing Asian economies since QE3, MSCI Asia excl. Japan equities index ............................................................................................... 30 1.9. Fluctuations in selected developing Asia-Pacific currencies following announcement of QE3, monthly percentage change ....................................................................................................... 31 1.10. Foreign reserves in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies, 2009-February 2013 ...... 31 1.11. Vulnerability yardstick as a percentage of foreign reserves in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies ...................................................................................................... 32 1.12. Recent developments in Asia-Pacific export growth ......................................................................... 33 1.13. Recent developments in Asia-Pacific import growth ......................................................................... 34 1.14. Monthly export growth in China by custom type, 2010-2012 ....................................................... 35 1.15. Monthly import growth of China by custom type, 2010-2012 ....................................................... 36 1.16. FDI inflow by regions, 2010-2012 ........................................................................................................... 39 1.17. Remittance inflows in selected Asia-Pacific economies, values and shares of GDP .......... 42 1.18. Real GDP growth by regions of the world, 2012-2013 ................................................................... 47 1.19. Income inequality in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies, 1990s and latest available data ........................................................................................................... 51 xviii
FIGURES (continued) Page 1.20. Inequality-adjusted GDP per capita and Index of Social Development, latest available data ..... 51 1.21. Tax-to-GDP ratio in selected developing Asia-Pacific economies ................................................ 52 1.22. General government taxes and inequality in selected global and Asia-Pacific economies ... 53 1.23. General government social expenditures and inequality in selected global and Asia-Pacific economies .................................................................................................................................................... 53 1.24. Public social security benefit expenditure (excluding health care) in selected Asia-Pacific economies, latest available data .......................................................................................................... 54 1.25. Domestic material consumption intensity, Asia and the Pacific, its subregions and the world, 1992 and 2008 ........................................................................................................... 58 1.26. Per capita domestic material consumption, Asia and the Pacific, its subregions and the world, 1992 and 2008 ........................................................................................................... 58 1.27. Water intensity, Asia and the Pacific and its subregions, 2000 .................................................. 59 1.28. Physical trade balances in Asia-Pacific subregions, 1975, 1990 and 2005 ............................. 60 1.29. The profile of economic damages due to disasters in Asia, 1980-October 2012 ................ 61 2.1. Inflation in selected East and North-East Asian economies, 2010-2012 .................................. 74 2.2. Budget balance in selected East and North-East Asian economies, 2010-2012 ................... 76 2.3. Current account balance in selected East and North-East Asian economies, 2010-2012 ....... 77 2.4. Inflation in North and Central Asian economies, 2010-2012 ......................................................... 85 2.5. Budget balance in North and Central Asian economies, 2010-2012 ......................................... 86 2.6. Current account balance in North and Central Asian economies, 2010-2012 ........................ 88 2.7. Inflation in selected Pacific island developing economies, 2010-2012 ........................................ 96 2.8. Budget balance in selected Pacific island developing economies, 2010-2012 ........................ 97 2.9. Current account balance in selected Pacific island developing economies, 2010-2012 ............ 99 2.10. Economic growth of Australia and New Zealand, 2010-2013 ....................................................... 104 2.11. Inflation in selected South and South-West Asian economies, 2010-2012 .............................. 109 2.12. Budget balance in selected South and South-West Asian economies, 2010-2012 ............... 112 2.13. Current account balance in selected South and South-West Asian economies, 2010-2012 ..... 113 2.14. Inflation in South-East Asian economies, 2010-2012 ....................................................................... 123 xix
Page 1 and 2: UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL 03.30 GMT, THUR
Page 4 and 5: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SURVEY OF ASIA
Page 7 and 8: PREFACE The Economic and Social Sur
Page 9 and 10: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FORWARD-LOOKING M
Page 11 and 12: on education and health. Indebted c
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was pr
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS Page Foreword ............
Page 17 and 18: CONTENTS (continued) Page Australia
Page 19: BOXES Page A. Forward-looking macro
Page 23 and 24: TABLES Page 1.1. Main destination e
Page 25 and 26: References to dollars ($) are to Un
Page 27 and 28: ABBREVIATIONS ADB AEC APEC ASEAN AS
Page 29 and 30: SOURCES OF QUOTATIONS (a) Page 1: a
Page 31 and 32: WHY FORWARD-LOOKING MACROECONOMIC P
Page 35 and 36: ▲ WHY FORWARD-LOOKING MACROECONOM
Page 43 and 44: THE STATE OF INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINA
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THE STATE OF INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINA
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DEVELOPMENTAL MACROECONOMICS: THE C
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Turkey Hong Kong, China Tajikistan
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INVESTING IN INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINA
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Percentage of GDP INVESTING IN INCL
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❚ ❚ ✕❚ INVESTING IN INCLUSI
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207 REFERENCES
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REFERENCES REFERENCES Abdyrasulova
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REFERENCES (2012a). The debate on e
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REFERENCES (2012). World Energy Out
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REFERENCES Ma, K-H (2008). Assessme
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REFERENCES (2011b). Child Poverty i
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REFERENCES United Nations, Economic
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STATISTICAL ANNEX STATISTICAL ANNEX
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Table 2. Poverty
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Table 4. Resource
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Technical notes T
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Source: Barro, Ro
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STATISTICAL ANNEX estimates based o
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This publication may be obtained fr
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READERSHIP SURVEY The Macroeconomic
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Half a decade since the onset of th
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