Full Report - Subregional Office for East and North-East Asia - escap

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ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SURVEY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 2013 FORWARD-LOOKING MACROECONOMIC POLICIES FOR INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT United Nations publication Sales No. E.13.II.F.2 Copyright © United Nations 2013 All rights reserved Printed in Bangkok ISBN: 978-92-1-120655-5 e-ISBN: 978-92-1-056031-3 ISSN: 0252-5704 ST/ESCAP/2654 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided that the source is acknowledged. The ESCAP Publications Office would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use may be made of this publication for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of reproduction, should be addressed to the Secretary of the Publications Board, United Nations, New York. ii
FOREWORD While the Asia-Pacific region has weathered the financial crisis better than many other parts of the world, there is an urgent need to adapt macroeconomic policies to address the challenges of sustainable development and assist the poorest and most vulnerable. That means complementing the emphasis on growth with a focus on equality and rights, social development and environmental sustainability. Specifically, it requires investments to address inequality, shortages in energy and inadequate infrastructure. At the High-level Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on the Millennium Development Goals in 2010 and the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in 2012, world leaders pledged to adopt forward-looking macroeconomic policies that promote sustainable development and lead to sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth. Fortunately, many economies in the region are well-placed to implement such policies. The Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2013 makes it clear that such investments are not only essential but also affordable. These efforts are especially needed in Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States. As well as assisting the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, greater progress will fuel confidence in, and mobilize support for, an ambitious post-2015 development agenda. The recommendations in this issue of the Survey seek to assist these countries to advance economically, socially and environmentally. I hope the policy-makers of Asia and the Pacific, and beyond, find this publication useful for its innovative approach to achieving more resilient, inclusive and sustainable development. April 2013 BAN Ki-moon Secretary-General of the United Nations iii
Page 1 and 2: UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL 03.30 GMT, THUR
Page 7 and 8: PREFACE The Economic and Social Sur
Page 9 and 10: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FORWARD-LOOKING M
Page 11 and 12: on education and health. Indebted c
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was pr
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS Page Foreword ............
Page 17 and 18: CONTENTS (continued) Page Australia
Page 19 and 20: BOXES Page A. Forward-looking macro
Page 21 and 22: FIGURES (continued) Page 1.20. Ineq
Page 23 and 24: TABLES Page 1.1. Main destination e
Page 25 and 26: References to dollars ($) are to Un
Page 27 and 28: ABBREVIATIONS ADB AEC APEC ASEAN AS
Page 29 and 30: SOURCES OF QUOTATIONS (a) Page 1: a
Page 31 and 32: WHY FORWARD-LOOKING MACROECONOMIC P
Page 35 and 36: ▲ WHY FORWARD-LOOKING MACROECONOM
Page 43 and 44: THE STATE OF INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINA
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THE STATE OF INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINA
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MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND POLIC
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DEVELOPMENTAL MACROECONOMICS: THE C
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Turkey Hong Kong, China Tajikistan
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INVESTING IN INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINA
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Percentage of GDP INVESTING IN INCL
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❚ ❚ ✕❚ INVESTING IN INCLUSI
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207 REFERENCES
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REFERENCES REFERENCES Abdyrasulova
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REFERENCES (2012a). The debate on e
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REFERENCES (2012). World Energy Out
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REFERENCES Ma, K-H (2008). Assessme
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REFERENCES (2011b). Child Poverty i
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REFERENCES United Nations, Economic
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STATISTICAL ANNEX STATISTICAL ANNEX
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Table 2. Poverty
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Table 4. Resource
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Technical notes T
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STATISTICAL ANNEX Source: Barro, Ro
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STATISTICAL ANNEX estimates based o
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This publication may be obtained fr
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READERSHIP SURVEY The Macroeconomic
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Half a decade since the onset of th
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