1 The Virtues of Surah Al-Ma'idah; When It was Revealed Surah to ...

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Allah commands His believing servants to reform themselves and to do as many righteous deeds as possible. He also informs them that whoever reforms himself, he would not be affected by the wickedness of the wicked, whether they were his relatives or otherwise. Imam Ahmad recorded that Qays said, "Abu Bakr As-Siddiq stood up, thanked Allah and praised Him and then said, Ò people! You read يَا أَي ُّهَا ال َّذِينَ‏ آمَنُواْ‏ عَلَيْكُمْ‏ أَنفُسَكُمْ‏ لاَ‏ يَضُر ُّآُم م َّن ضَل َّ Ayah, this (O you who believe! Take care of إِذَا اهْتَدَيْتُمْ‏ yourselves. If you follow the right guidance, no hurt can come to you from those who are in error). You explain it the wrong way. I heard the Messenger of Allah say, إِن َّ الن َّاسَ‏ إِذَا رَأَوُا الْمُنْكَرَ‏ وَلَا یُغَي ِّرُونَهُ،‏ یُوشِكُ‏ االلهُ‏ عَز َّ وَجَل َّ أَنْ‏ یَعُم َّهُمْ‏ بِعِقَابِه If the people witness evil and do not change it, then Allah is about to send His punishment to encompass them. I (Qays) also heard Abu Bakr say, Ò people! Beware of lying, for lying contradicts faith.''' یِأَی ُّهَا ال َّذِینَ‏ ءَامَنُواْ‏ شَهَدَةُ‏ بَيْنِكُمْ‏ إِذَا حَضَرَ‏ أَحَدَآُمُ‏ الْمَوْتُ‏ حِينَ‏ الْوَصِي َّةِ‏ اثْنَانِ‏ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ‏ م ِّنْكُمْ‏ أَوْ‏ ءَاخَرَا ‏ِن مِنْ‏ غَيْرِآُمْ‏ 5:106 O you who believe! When death approaches any of you, and you make a bequest, then take the testimony of two just men of your own folk or two others from outside, 282
إِنْ‏ أَنتُمْ‏ ضَرَبْتُمْ‏ فِى الا ٌّرْضِ‏ فَأَصَابَتْكُم م ُّصِيبَةُ‏ الْمَوْ‏ ‏ِت تَحْبِسُونَهُمَا مِن بَعْدِ‏ الص َّلوةِ‏ فَيُقْسِمَانِ‏ بِالل َّهِ‏ if you are traveling through the land and the calamity of death befalls you. Detain them both after the Salah (the prayer), (then) if you are in doubt (about their truthfulness), let them both swear by Allah (saying): إِنِ‏ ارْتَبْتُمْ‏ لاَ‏ نَشْتَرِى بِهِ‏ ثَمَناً‏ وَلَوْ‏ آَانَ‏ ذَا قُرْبَى وَلاَ‏ نَكْتُمُ‏ شَهَدَةَ‏ الل َّهِ‏ إِن َّآ إِذَاً‏ ل َّمِنَ‏ الا ٌّثِمِينَ‏ "We wish not for any worldly gain in this, even though he (the beneficiary) be our near relative. We shall not hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.'' فَإِنْ‏ عُثِرَ‏ عَلَى أَن َّهُمَا اسْتَحَق َّآ إِثْماً‏ فَآخَرَانِ‏ یِقُومَانُ‏ مَقَامَهُمَا مِنَ‏ ال َّذِینَ‏ اسْتَحَق َّ عَلَيْهِمُ‏ الا ٌّوْلَيَا ‏ِن 5:107 If it then becomes known that these two had been guilty of sin, let two others stand forth in their places, nearest in kin from among those who claim a lawful right. فَيُقْسِمَانِ‏ بِالل َّهِ‏ لَشَهَدَتُنَا أَحَق ُّ مِن شَهَدَتِهِمَا وَمَا اعْتَدَیْنَآ إِن َّا إِذاً‏ ل َّمِنَ‏ الظ َّلِمِينَ‏ Let them swear by Allah (saying): "We affirm that our testimony is truer than that of both of them, and that we have not trespassed (the truth), for then indeed we should be of the wrongdoers.'' 283
Page 1 and 2:
Revealed in Madinah The Virtues of
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إِن َّ الل َّهَ‏ یَ
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وَال َّذِینَ‏ یَنق
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Forbidden to you (for food) are:
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The Necessity of Observing the Sanc
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follow his lead, without decrease i
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following year, he wanted to perfor
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which is the meaning of Àl-Birr',
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• and that which has been killed
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They said, "It is blood.'' He said,
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Allah's statement, and that which h
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During the time of Jahiliyyah, the
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The Prohibition of Using Al-Azlam f
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‏...وَأَن تَسْتَقْس
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Shaytan and the Disbelievers Do Not
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This day, I have perfected your rel
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Permitting the Dead Animals in Cond
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وَمَا عَل َّمْتُمْ
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Ibn Jarir recorded that Adi bin Hat
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In another narration, the Prophet s
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الْيَوْمَ‏ أُحِل َ
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the people of Khyber gave the Proph
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Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Abu Mal
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یَأَی ُّهَا ال َّذ
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call of nature, he performed Wudu a
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الْأَعْمَالُ‏ بِ
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Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded that
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In his Sunan, Abu Dawud also record
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the Prophet saw a man praying, but
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Performing Tayammum with Clean eart
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مَا مِنْ‏ مُسْلِمٍ
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وَاذْآُرُواْ‏ نِع
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obey, in times when we are active a
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The Ayah commands: Do not be carrie
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trees. The Prophet hung his weapon
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فَمَن آَفَرَ‏ بَعْ
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• Rifaàh bin Abdul-Mundhir, or A
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Allah states, because of their brea
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of the earth. They imitated the Jew
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So the Prophet explained where they
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وَلل َّهِ‏ مُلْكُ
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This is why when they said that the
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this period was five hundred and si
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وَأَنْزَلْتُ‏ عَل
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meaning, so that you, who changed t
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فَلاَ‏ تَأْسَ‏ ع
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وَلَقَدْ‏ ءَاتَيْ
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قَالُوا یَا مُوسَى
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Sa`d bin Muàdh said, "It looks lik
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Therefore it is forbidden to them f
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Allah said: Do not feel sorrow or s
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قَالَ‏ یَوَیْلَتَ
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that during the time of Adam -- "Th
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There will be a Fitnah, and he who
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She did not answer him. He asked he
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Hereafter, more than transgression
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The Ayah states, whoever kills a so
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Warning Those who Commit Mischief A
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save a Muslim from punishment if he
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one he killed, as adjudged by two j
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He who sins in this life and was pu
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I am so-and-so from Murad and I wag
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یُرِیدُونَ‏ أَن یَ
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Allah said, وَجَاهِدُوا
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یُؤْتَى بِالر َّج
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There are other rulings that Islam
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Repentance of the Thief is Acceptab
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Those who were before you were dest
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سَم َّعُونَ‏ لِلْك
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These people pretend to be faithful
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Abdullah bin Salam said, `You lie.
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Abu Dawud recorded that Ibn Umar sa
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meaning, there is no harm if you do
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Another Reason Behind Revealing the
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which strengthens the opinion that
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فَمَن تَصَد َّقَ‏
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So, they went to the Prophet who or
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Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ib
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Ìsa, son of Maryam, confirming the
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وَأَنزَلْنَآ إِلَ
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meaning, with the truth that, no do
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Verily, We, it is We Who have sent
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Abdullah bin Kathir said that the A
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Allah said in other Ayat, وَمَ
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And who is better in judgment than
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Allah forbids His believing servant
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As-Suddi stated, means, requiring t
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Threatening to Replace the Believer
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• He commanded me to keep the rel
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And whosoever takes Allah, His Mess
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Allah said; م ِّنَ‏ ال َ
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the acts of worship and Allah's Law
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لَبِئْسَ‏ مَا آَا
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They are you, with these characteri
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them. So, وَهُمْ‏ قَدْ
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مَا مِنْ‏ قَوْمٍ‏
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م ِّنْهُمْ‏ أُم َّ
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given them of His bounty! Then, We
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Allah said in other Ayat, قُلْ
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Had they adhered to the Books that
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إِن َّ الل َّهَ‏ لا
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And if you do not, then you have no
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Allah's statement, إِن َّ ال
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Allah's statement, وَلَيَزِ
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Allah says; لَقَدْ‏ أَخ
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أَفَلاَ‏ یَتُوبُو
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وَنَادَى أَصْحَبُ
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Will they not repent to Allah and a
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The Prohibition of Shirk (Polytheis
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تَرَى آَثِيراً‏ م
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Muslim recorded that Abu Saìd Al-K
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y giving their loyalty and support
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فَأَثَابَهُمُ‏ ا
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ذَلِكَ‏ بِأَن َّ
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Such is the reward of good-doers.
Page 231 and 232: When the Prophet heard this stateme
Page 233 and 234: فَكَف َّارَتُهُ‏ إ
Page 235 and 236: Al-Hasan, Abu Jafar Al-Baqir, Ata,
Page 237 and 238: یَأَی ُّهَا ال َّذ
Page 239 and 240: Al-Ansab were altar stones, in whos
Page 241 and 242: 241 یَأَی ُّهَا ال َ
Page 243 and 244: Another Hadith Imam Ahmad recorded
Page 245 and 246: وَحَامِلُها،‏ وَا
Page 247 and 248: after I prohibited it, I will let h
Page 249 and 250: لَيْسَ‏ عَلَى ال َ
Page 251 and 252: Ali bin Abi Talhah Al-Walibi said t
Page 253 and 254: • the scorpion, • the mouse and
Page 255 and 256: Ihram, then this offense is more gr
Page 257 and 258: Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn Ab
Page 259 and 260: It was said that; the Allah will ta
Page 261 and 262: (And its use for food) what is eate
Page 263 and 264: Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Hib
Page 265 and 266: in the state of Ihram. To Allah wil
Page 267 and 268: Our Messenger, whom We sent to you,
Page 269 and 270: Unnecessary Questioning is Disappro
Page 271 and 272: Imam Ahmad recorded that Ali said,
Page 273 and 274: some things without rulings, out of
Page 275 and 276: Imam Ahmad recorded that Abdullah b
Page 277 and 278: proclaiming (about the male in this
Page 279 and 280: Do your camels deliver calves that
Page 281: that we found our fathers and foref
Page 285 and 286: ... أَوْ‏ آخَرَانِ
Page 287 and 288: فَإِنْ‏ عُثِرَ‏
Page 289 and 290: یَوْمَ‏ یَجْمَعُ‏
Page 291 and 292: إِذْ‏ قَالَ‏ الل َ
Page 293 and 294: the angel Jibril, and made you a Pr
Page 295 and 296: Allah said, This Ayah also contains
Page 297 and 298: Sending Down the Ma'idah This is th
Page 299 and 300: ... وَارْزُقْنَا ... an
Page 301 and 302: قَالَ‏ سُبْحَنَكَ
Page 303 and 304: (remember) (And لِلن َّاسِ
Page 305 and 306: Allah said; innovated after you (in
Page 307 and 308: Ad-Dahhak said that Ibn Abbas comme
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