1 The Virtues of Surah Al-Ma'idah; When It was Revealed Surah to ...

Cursing the People of the Book for Breaking the Covenant
Allah commanded His believing servants to fulfill the promises
and pledges that He took from them and which they gave His
servant and Messenger, Muhammad, peace be upon him.
Allah also commanded them to stand for the truth and give
correct testimony. He also reminded them of the obvious and
subtle favors of the truth and guidance that He granted them.
Next, Allah informed them of the pledges and promises that He
took from the People of the Book, who were before them, the
Jews and Christians. When they broke these promises and
covenants, Allah cursed them as a consequence and expelled
them from His grace and mercy. He also sealed their hearts
from receiving guidance and the religion of truth, beneficial
knowledge and righteous actions.
Allah said,
وَلَقَدْ‏ أَخَذَ‏ اللّهُ‏ مِيثَاقَ‏ بَنِي إِسْرَآئِيلَ‏ وَبَعَثْنَا مِنهُمُ‏ اثْنَيْ‏ عَشَرَ‏ نَقِيبًا ...
Indeed Allah took the covenant from the Children of
Israel and We appointed twelve leaders among them.
These twelve people were leaders who gave the
pledge to Allah to listen and obey Allah, His
Messenger and His Book on behalf of their tribes.
Muhammad bin Ishaq and Ibn Abbas said that;
this occurred when Musa went to fight the mighty
enemy (in Palestine), and Allah commanded him
to choose a leader from every tribe.
The Leaders of Ansar on the Night of Aqabah
Likewise, when the Messenger of Allah took the pledge from the
Ansar in the Aqabah area, there were twelve leaders from the
Ansar.
There were three men from the tribe of Aws:
• Usayd bin Al-Hudayr,
• Sa`d bin Khaythamah and
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