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10 MOLECULAR GEOMETRY 67<br />

x1,y1,z1,q1,flag1<br />

.<br />

xN,yN,zN,qN,flagN<br />

The x,y and z fields stand for the point charge coordinates (in Å), q for its charge and flag=1<br />

indicates that gradients should be computed for this lattice point (0 means no gradient).<br />

outfile specifies a file name to which the lattice gradient is written; if blank, it will be written to<br />

the output stream.<br />

VARGRAD<br />

NUCONLY<br />

REMOVE<br />

(logical) Stores the lattice gradient in variable VARGRAD.<br />

(logical) Disables gradient evaluation with respect to the lattice,<br />

independent of flag in the lattice file.<br />

(logical) Removes the lattice.<br />

Symmetry is not supported for lattice gradients.<br />

10.6 Redefining and printing atomic masses<br />

The current masses of all atoms can be printed using<br />

MASS, PRINT<br />

The atomic masses can be redefined using<br />

MASS, [type,] [symbol=mass, . . . ]<br />

The optional keyword type can take either the value AVER[AGE] for using average isotope<br />

masses, or ISO[TOPE] for using the masses of the most abundant isotopes. This affects only<br />

the rotational constants and vibrational frequencies. As in most quantum chemistry packages,<br />

the default for type is AVERAGE. If INIT is given, all previous mass definitions are deleted and<br />

the defaults are reset.<br />

Individual masses can be changed by the following entries, where symbol is the chemical symbol<br />

of the atom and mass is the associated mass. Several entries can be given on one MASS card,<br />

and/or several MASS cards can follow each other. The last given mass is used.<br />

Note that specifying different isotope masses for symmetry related atoms lowers the symmetry<br />

of the system if the molecular centre of mass is taken as the origin. This effect can be avoided<br />

by using the charge centre as origin, i.e., specifying CHARGE as first entry in the GEOMETRY<br />

input:<br />

GEOMETRY={CHARGE; ...}<br />

10.7 Dummy centres<br />

DUMMY,atom1,atom2,...<br />

Sets nuclear charges on atoms 1,2 etc. to zero, for doing counterpoise calculations, for example.<br />

atom1, atom2,... can be Z-matrix row numbers or tag names. Note that the current<br />

setting of dummies is remembered by the program across restarts via the <strong>MOLPRO</strong> variable<br />

DUMMYATOMS. Dummies can be reset to their original charges using a DUMMY card with no

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