1.1 Porphyrins - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

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7 References 16 H. Fischer, K. Zeile, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1929, 468, 98-116. 17 (a) H. Fischer, H. Orth, Die Chemie des Pyrrols, Vol. II.1, Akademische 18 Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1937. (b) H. Fischer, A. Stern, Die Chemie des Pyrrols, Vol. II.2, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1940. (a) G. P. Moss, Pure Appl. Chem. 1987, 59, 799-832. (b) G. P. Moss, Eur. J. Biochem. 1988, 178, 277-573. (c) www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/tetrapyrrole/. 19 M. da Garca H. Vicente in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 1, Ch. 4, Academic Press, 2000. 20 R. Poalesse in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 2, Ch. 11, Academic Press, 2000. 21 J. S. Sessler, A. Gebauer, S. J. Weghorn in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 2, Ch. 9, Academic Press, 2000. 22 J. S. Sessler, A. Gebauer, E. Vogel in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 2, Ch. 8, Academic Press, 2000. 23 I. Gupta, M. Ravikanth, Coord. Chem. Rev. 2006, 250, 468-518. 24 (a) N. B. McKeown in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 15, Ch. 98, Academic Press, 2003. (b) G. de la Torre, C. G. Claessens, T. Torres, Chem. Commun. 2007, 20, 2000-2015. 25 R. Wheeler (Zephyris), bsd. on pdb file 1gxz, 2007. 26 K. Hoffmeier, bsd. on pdb file 1hrc, 2006. 27 www.3dchem.com, 1997. 28 K. M. Smith in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 1, Ch. 1, Academic Press, 2000. 29 J. S. Lindsey in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 1, Ch. 2, Academic Press, 2000. 30 (a) P. Rothemund, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 2010-2011. (b) P. Rothemund, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 625-627. (c) P. Rothemund, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 2912- 2915. (d) P. Rothemund, A. R. Menotti, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 267-270. 31 (a) A. D. Adler, F. R. Longo, W. Shergalis, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 3145-3149. (b) A. D. Adler, F. R. Longo, J. D. Finarelli, J. Goldmacher, J. Assour, L. Korsakoff, J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 476. (c) G. H. Barnett, M. F. Hudson, K. M. Smith, Tetrahedron Lett. 1973, 2887-2888. (d) K. Rousseau, D. Dolphin, Tetrahedron Lett. 1974, 4251-4254. 32 (a) L. M. Jackman in Advances in Organic Chemistry, R. A. Raphael, E. C. Taylor, H. Wynberg (Eds.), Vol. II, Interscience, New York, 1960. (b) D. Walker, J. D. Hiebert, Chem. Rev. 1967, 67, 153-195. (c) J. S. Lindsey, I. C. Schreiman, H. C. Hsu, P. C. Kearney, A. M. Marguerettaz, J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 827-836. (d) J. S. Lindsey, K. A. MacCrum, J. S. Tyhonas, Y.-Y. Chuang, J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 579-587. 33 (a) J. S. Lindsey, R. W. Wagner, J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 828-836. (b) R. W. Wagner, F. Li, H. Du, J. S. Lindsey, Org. Process Res. Dev. 1999, 3, 28-37. (c) G. R. Geier 3 rd , Y. Ciringh, F. Li, D. M. Haynes, J. S. Lindsey, Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 1745-1748. 34 F. Li, K. Yang, J. S. Tyhonas, K. A. MacCrum, J. S. Lindsey, Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 12339-12360. 190
References 7 35 see e.g.: (a) Y. Murakami, K. Sakata, Inorg. Chem. Acta 1968, 2, 273. (b) J. P. Nagarkatti, K. R. Ashley, Synthesis 1974, 3, 186-187. (c) R. M. Wilson, A. Hengge, J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 2699-2707. 36 C.-H. Lee, J. S. Lindsey, Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 11427-11440. 37 S. J. Vigmond, M. C. Chang, K. M. R. Kallury, M. Thompson, Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2455-2458. 38 (a) B. J. Littler, Y. Ciringh, J. S. Lindsey, J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 2864-2872. (b) G. R. Geier 3 rd , B. J. Littler, J. S. Lindsey, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. 2, 2001, 5,701-711. 39 P. D. Rao, S. Dhanalekshmi, B. J. Littler, J. S. Lindsey, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 7323- 7344. 40 J. K. M. Sanders, N. Bampos, Z. Clyde-Watson, S. L. Darling, J. C. Hawley, H.-J. Kim, C. C. Mak, S. J. Webb in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 3, Ch. 15, Academic Press, 2000. 41 (a) L. M. Jackman, F. Sondheimer, Y. Amiel, D. A. Ben-Efraim, Y. Gaoni, R. Wolovsky, A. A. Bothner-By, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 4307-4312. (b) E. Vogel, W. Pretzer, W. A. Böll, Tetrahedron Lett. 1965, 6, 3613-3617. (c) E. Vogel, Pure Appl. Chem. 1993, 65, 143-152. 42 M. K. Cyranski, T. M. Krygowski, M. Wisiorowski, N. J. R. van Eikemma Hommes, P. von Rague Schleyer, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 177-180. 43 J. Jusélius, D. Sundholm, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2000, 2, 2145-2151. 44 C. J. Medforth in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 5, Ch. 35, Academic Press, 2000. 45 adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spectre.svg by Tatoute, 2006. 46 M. Hesse, H. Meier, B. Zeeh, Spektroskopische Methoden in der organischen Chemie, 5 th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1995. 47 (a) M. Gouterman, J. Mol. Spectroscopy 1961, 6, 138-163. (b) M. Gouterman, G. H. Wagnière, L. C. Snyder, J. Mol. Spectroscopy 1963, 11, 108-127. 48 (a) H.-H. Perkampus, UV/Vis Atlas of Organic Compounds, 2 nd edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1992. (b) B. Röder, Einführung in die molekulare Photobiophysik, Teubner, Stuttgart-Leipzig, 1999. 49 K. M. Kadish, E. van Caemelbecke, G. Royal in The Porphyrin Handbook, K. M. Kadish, K. M. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.), Vol. 8, Ch. 55, Academic Press, 2000. 50 (a) R. Bonnett, M. Berenbaum, Ciba Found. Symp. 1989, 146, 40-59. (b) T. J. Dougherty, B. W. Henderson, S. Schwartz et al. in Photodynamic Therapy, B. W. Henderson, T. J. Dougherty (Eds.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992. (c) R. R. Allison, T. S. Mang, B. D. Wilson, Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 1998, 17, 153-163. 51 (a) F. Breuckmann, T. Gambichler, P. Altmeyer, A. Kreuter, BMC Dermatol. 2004, 4:11. (b) M. Brenner, T. Herzinger, C. Berking, G. Plewig, K. Degitz, Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 2005, 21, 157-165. 52 O. Raab, Z. Biol. 1900, 39, 524. 53 A. Jesionek, H. von Tappeiner, Arch. Klin. Med. 1905, 82, 223-227. 54 W. Hausmann, Biochem. Z. 1908, 14, 275-278. 55 F. Meyer-Betz, Arch. Klin. Med. 1913, 112, 476-503. 56 A. Policard, Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 1924, 91, 1423-1424. 191
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Semi-Natural and Synthetic Chiral C
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Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand in
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1
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n J j-coupling (constant) with n in
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1 Introduction characteristics. For
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1 Introduction 1.1 Porphyrins - A G
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1 Introduction Especially interesti
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1 Introduction 8 [H] 4 + 4 O H O H
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1 Introduction complexes are usuall
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1 Introduction transitions as it is
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1 Introduction 1.2 Photodynamic The
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1 Introduction Certainly, Photofrin
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1 Introduction intact membranes bei
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1 Introduction components, the limi
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2 State of The Art & Aims They were
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2 State of The Art & Aims 2.2 Aim o
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3 Discussion and Results encapsulat
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3 Discussion and Results diastereot
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3 Discussion and Results 30 E ½ Re
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3 Discussion and Results irradiatio
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3 Discussion and Results 34 R 1 O N
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.2.1.2
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3 Discussion and Results Table 4. S
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.2.2 FR
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.2.3 Ac
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.3.1 IR
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.3.2 NM
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.3.3 Va
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3 Discussion and Results Obviously,
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3 Discussion and Results Like Figur
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3 Discussion and Results utilizatio
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3 Discussion and Results has been d
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3 Discussion and Results other TPP
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3 Discussion and Results (being sup
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3 Discussion and Results other band
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3 Discussion and Results Table 10.
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3 Discussion and Results voltammogr
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.5 Inhe
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3 Discussion and Results effects 12
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3 Discussion and Results 74 Δθ [m
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.6.2 10
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3 Discussion and Results vibration
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.6.4 Sy
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3 Discussion and Results cyanomethy
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.6.5 Co
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3 Discussion and Results phenyl sub
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3 Discussion and Results 90 5 μA -
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.7 Appr
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3 Discussion and Results (75 eq.) w
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.7.2 Sy
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3 Discussion and Results of rotatio
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3 Discussion and Results Thus, the
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3 Discussion and Results Time-resol
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3 Discussion and Results first redu
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3 Discussion and Results correspond
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3 Discussion and Results The remain
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.8.1 Us
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3 Discussion and Results With all t
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3 Discussion and Results The interm
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3 Discussion and Results 116 HO 2 C
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3 Discussion and Results nitro comp
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3 Discussion and Results The effect
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3 Discussion and Results 3.2.9 Pote
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3 Discussion and Results peak at m/
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3 Discussion and Results Table 25.
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3 Discussion and Results 130
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4 Summary As the characterization d
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5 Zusammenfassung 5 Zusammenfassung
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5 Zusammenfassung Da in guten Ausbe
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6 Experimental Section UV/Vis spect
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Page 166 and 167: 6 Experimental Section EA: C57H56N4
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Page 180 and 181: 6 Experimental Section 6.2.5.11 α
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Page 194 and 195: 6 Experimental Section UV/Vis (CH2C
Page 196 and 197: 6 Experimental Section broad signal
Page 200 and 201: 7 References 57 S. Schwartz, K. Abs
Page 202 and 203: 7 References 89 (a) R. C. Fuson, J.
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Page 208 and 209: Ein großer Dank gilt auch den Ange
Page 210 and 211: Cirruculum vitae Stefan Jasinski Ge
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1.1 Porphyrins - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

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