Health Information Management: Integrating Information Technology ...
Health Information Management: Integrating Information Technology ...
Health Information Management: Integrating Information Technology ...
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INTRODUCTION 7<br />
Physician Order Entry(POE)<br />
Decision-Support Technique (DST)<br />
Medication System<br />
Order Entry systems allow professionals to order<br />
tests, additional investigations, drugs and other<br />
‘services’ electronically. Results are also<br />
reported back electronically, and often,<br />
intermediate steps can be monitored. POE<br />
systems explicitly attempt at having the doctor<br />
perform these tasks, which should, amongst<br />
others, reduce errors due to illegible handwriting<br />
and miscommunication. Since the orders that are<br />
given and the results that are received should also<br />
be part and parcel of the EPR, a POE is often<br />
designed so as to be able to fulfil the role of an<br />
EPR.<br />
A decision support technique attempts to<br />
improve decisions taken by health care<br />
professionals through providing the professional<br />
with salient advice, reminders or alarms at the<br />
proper time. Also, systems that actively guide<br />
professionals through separate steps in a decision<br />
or action process are sometimes called DSTs.<br />
DSTs can be built into EPRs and POEs. The latter<br />
combination especially affords the production of<br />
protocollized order sets, automatically generated<br />
advice and reminders when an order is given (or<br />
is forgotten), and so forth.<br />
A medication system is like a POE system<br />
focused especially on handling and monitoring a<br />
patient’s medication. (Indeed, POE systems<br />
usually encompass medication systems.) It<br />
allows professionals to overview and prescribe<br />
medication, and it may monitor and check<br />
omissions, dosing mistakes, interactions and so<br />
forth. Further, it may be integrated with an<br />
automated dispensing system and/or electronic<br />
drug administration support. An example of such<br />
an addition could be robot-produced, patientspecific,<br />
pre-wrapped medication strips and a bar<br />
scanner with handheld device through which<br />
administering the drugs may become a<br />
safeguarded procedure as well.<br />
Hospital <strong>Information</strong> System (HIS)<br />
Most hospitals still have an HIS: an<br />
integrated application supporting a broad<br />
range of functions in a hospital.<br />
Constructed around a common patient<br />
database, laboratory systems, radiology<br />
systems, and discharge letter production<br />
and storage can all be built in. In addition,