Conrad and Masculinity

17 ‘Stephen Crane’, LE, 103–4.
18 ‘Fourmillante cité, cité plein de rêves, / Où le spectre en plein jour
raccroche le passant!’ (‘O swarming city, city full of dreams, where ghosts
accost the passers-by in broad daylight!’): Baudelaire, ‘Les Septs Vieillards’
(‘The Seven Old Men’), from Les Fleurs du Mal, in Baudelaire: Volume 1: The
Complete Verse, bilingual edition, ed. and trans. Francis Scarfe (London:
Anvil Press, 1986), p. 177.
19 Richard Dyer, ‘Don’t Look Now: The Male Pin-Up’, in The Sexual Subject,
pp. 265–76 (p. 275).
20 The filmic effect here was pointed out to me by Paul Kirschner.
21 Cedric Watts, ‘Conrad and the Myth of the Monstrous Town’, in Conrad’s
Cities: Essays for Hans van Marle, ed. Gene M. Moore (Amsterdam and
Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 1992) pp. 17–30 (p. 22).
22 Jim Reilly, Shadowtime: History and Representation in Hardy, Conrad and Eliot
(London and New York: Routledge, 1993), p. 146.
23 Geoffrey Galt Harpham, One of Us: The Mastery of Joseph Conrad (Chicago
and London: University of Chicago Press, 1996), p. 176.
24 Harpham, p. 115.
25 Tony Tanner, Introduction to The Oxford Book of Sea Stories (Oxford and
New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. xiv, quoted Harpham, p. 112.
26 Harpham, p. 111. Conrad’s comment (quoted by Harpham, p. 55), is found
in his foreword to the 1914 Doubleday ‘Deep Sea’ edition. This foreword,
entitled ‘To My Readers in America’, is reprinted in The Nigger of the
‘Narcissus’, ed. Robert Kimbrough (New York: W. W. Norton, 1979), pp.
167–8 (p. 168). Elsewhere Conrad also describes Nostromo as ‘nothing’,
though with the somewhat different implication that he is a representative
figure, rather than a mirror for others. See Chapter 4, note 2, below.
27 Scott McCracken, ‘“A Hard and Absolute Condition of Existence’: Reading
Masculinity in Lord Jim’, in CG, 17–38 (p. 25).
28 A heterodiegetic narrator is one who is absent from the story that he or she
tells. See Genette, p. 245. The concept of the Ideological State Apparatus is
found in the work of Althusser, who applies the term to institutions which
maintain the class structure through ideologically-produced consensus.
See Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays, pp. 127–86.
29 See Low, p. 35.
30 Jules de Gaultier, Bovarysme, quoted DD, 5.
31 Richard Ruppel argues that Jim provokes a homoerotic response in Marlow
and others: Ruppel, p. 27.
32 Sussman traces back to Carlyle this ‘masculinist idea of a separate male
knowledge that must be hidden from the female and communicated in
secret, often in darkness, among men’: Sussman, p. 39.
Chapter 3 Masculinity and the Body
Notes 219
1 Hélène Cixous, ‘The Laugh of the Medusa’, trans. Keith Cohen and Paula
Cohen, in New French Feminisms, eds Elaine Marks and Isabelle de
Courtivron (Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1981), pp. 245–64
(p. 251).