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Conrad and Masculinity

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230 Notes<br />

30 Hampson, Betrayal <strong>and</strong> Identity, p. 252.<br />

31 Geddes, pp. 124, 127.<br />

32 ‘Monsieur George, the young, arduous, <strong>and</strong> honest protagonist, is opposed<br />

by Captain Blunt, the “black knight” . . . The other villain, Ortega, <strong>and</strong><br />

Rita’s sister, Thérèse, assume the roles of the “evil magician <strong>and</strong> the witch<br />

. . . who seem to have a suggestion of erotic perversion about them” . . .<br />

These two sinister figures are opposed by Dominic <strong>and</strong> Rose who are neatly<br />

fitted into the “moral antithesis” underlying the characterization in the<br />

romance’ (Erdinast-Vulcan, Joseph <strong>Conrad</strong> <strong>and</strong> the Modern Temper, p. 187).<br />

The quotations in Erdinast-Vulcan’s text are from Northop Frye, Anatomy<br />

of Criticism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1957), p. 196.<br />

33 Robert Hampson notes that Ortega presents M. George ‘with a distorted<br />

reflection of himself’, but also helps him to ‘re-define himself’, confident<br />

of his own sanity in contrast to Ortega’s madness (Hampson, Betrayal <strong>and</strong><br />

Identity, pp. 265–6).<br />

34 Geddes, p. 134.<br />

35 <strong>Conrad</strong>, letter of 1 August 1919 to Sidney Colvin, in G. Jean-Aubry, Joseph<br />

<strong>Conrad</strong>: Life <strong>and</strong> Letters, 2 vols (London: Heinemann, 1927), II, p. 224,<br />

quoted Geddes, p. 137.<br />

36 Pamela Bickley <strong>and</strong> Robert Hampson, ‘“Lips That Have Been Kissed”:<br />

Boccaccio, Verdi, Rossetti <strong>and</strong> The Arrow of Gold’, L’Époque <strong>Conrad</strong>ienne,<br />

1988, pp. 77–91 (p. 91).<br />

37 Hampson, Betrayal <strong>and</strong> Identity, p. 251.<br />

38 Hampson, Betrayal <strong>and</strong> Identity, pp. 266, 255, 257.<br />

39 Hampson, Betrayal <strong>and</strong> Identity, p. 267, quoting Paul L. Wiley, <strong>Conrad</strong>’s<br />

Measure of Man (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1954), p. 166. For<br />

feminist readings of hysteria, see Chapter 3, notes 28 <strong>and</strong> 29 above.<br />

40 Hampson, Betrayal <strong>and</strong> Identity, p. 257.<br />

41 Robert Hampson, ‘The Late Novels’, in The Cambridge Companion to Joseph<br />

<strong>Conrad</strong>, ed. J. H. Stape (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp.<br />

140–59 (p. 150).<br />

Chapter 8 Vision <strong>and</strong> the Economies of Empire <strong>and</strong><br />

<strong>Masculinity</strong><br />

1 Elizabeth Bronfen, Over Her Dead Body: Death, Femininity <strong>and</strong> the Body<br />

(Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992), p. 3.<br />

2 Jeffrey Meyers describes the knife as ‘an obvious symbol of his [Ricardo’s]<br />

penis’ (which is rather different from reading the knife as phallus, that is<br />

as a symbol of masculine power). This somewhat literal approach colours<br />

his whole reading of the episode, discussed below. Meyers, p. 86.<br />

3 Robert Hampson notes that in The Rover the relationship of Arlette <strong>and</strong><br />

Real is ‘charted ocularly’ (‘The Late Novels’, p. 153).<br />

4 De Lauretis, pp. 68, 195.<br />

5 <strong>Conrad</strong> makes extended ironic use of Edenic associations in Victory, as he<br />

does also in Nostromo.<br />

6 Susan Gubar mistakenly writes that ‘Heyst saves a girl called Lena (after the<br />

seductress Magdalena) from “murdering silence” in an all-female orchestra

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