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Soil Compaction Models Depth(mm) Depth(mm) Depth(mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0 300,0 400,0 500,0 600,0 700,0 800,0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0,0 100,0 200,0 300,0 400,0 500,0 600,0 700,0 800,0 800/10.5/2.5 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Deformation(mm) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Deformation(mm) 900/10.5/1.9 Deformation(mm) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 500-85/4.5/1.4 Depth (mm) Depth(mm) Depth (mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0 300,0 400,0 500,0 600,0 700,0 800,0 Deformation(mm) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0,0 100,0 200,0 300,0 400,0 500,0 600,0 700,0 800,0 800/10.5/2.5 Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) 0,0 100,0 200,0 300,0 400,0 500,0 600,0 700,0 800,0 Deformation(mm) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 680/10.5/2.2 0 10 20 30 Deformation (mm) 40 50 60 70 80 600/4.5/1.4 Figure 71: Measured (■) and predicted (♦) soil displacement for tyres with a concentra- Predicted Increase (%) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 tion factor of 5. Least significant difference (LSD) at 95 % is also shown y = 1,008x R 2 = 0,8486 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Measured Increase (%) Figure 72: Measured vs. predicted average percentage increase in soil density 6.3.3 Prediction of Independent Data It was an important step to be able to show that COMPSOIL is self consistent with a soil specific VCL which is able to reproduce the input data used to derive the specific VCL. However, for complete justification of the approach the modified model will be compared 108
Soil Compaction Models with four other data sets from the same soil but not utilized for the development of the in- situ model. To do this: 1. Data generated by Antille (2006) using the single wheel tester designed by Ansorge (2005, a) with the same tyres at identical loads and inflation pressures with more dense (1.6 g/cm 3 ) and less dense (1.2 g/cm 3 ) soil conditions. This aimed at justify- ing the appropriateness of this VCL more generally for different initial dry bulk densities. 2. Data generated by a pass of the 900/10.5/1.9 tyre on stratified soil conditions simu- lating field conditions and investigating the ability of the model to deal with different soil densities within the same profile. This data originated from work of this thesis and Ansorge (2005, a). 3. Data generated by two sets of multiple (3) passes on the uniform medium soil con- dition. The tyre used was the 900 mm section width tyre, having the 900/10.5/1.9 and 900/5/0.5 configuration, respectively. This was targeting the performance of the model with respect to loading-unloading cycles and included the opportunity to adjust the recompression and reloading parameters. The data originated from An- sorge (2005, a). 4. Data from this thesis which was generated by the passage of whole combine harvesters and used to explore the possibility to predict the soil displacement after a pass of whole combine harvesters over medium soil conditions. 6.3.3.1 Dense and Loose Soil Following the ability to reproduce the input results as shown above, the prediction is ex- tended onto different densities of the same soil type. Therefore the results from Antille (2006) were compared to the theoretical predictions. Antille (2006) used the same high axle load tyre configurations as Ansorge (2005, a) with the same soil type and water content, only at a looser DBD of 1.2 g/cm 3 and at a denser DBD of 1.6 g/cm 3 . The accuracy was evaluated from the calculated average density changes for the predicted and the measured soil displacement shown in Figure 73 and plotted against each other in Figure 74. Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) 109
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Cranfield University School of Appl
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Abstract Ancillary experiments show
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Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents 4.1.3 Analysis of
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Table of Contents 11.1.1.1 Comparis
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 3
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 1
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Nomenclature NOMENCLATURE Abbreviat
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Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Bac
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Introduction � Ansorge, D. and Go
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Introduction 1.2 Aim To elucidate t
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Introduction a) the soil compaction
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Experimental Methods 2.1.1.1 Test F
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Experimental Methods had been mount
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Experimental Methods track; the loa
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Experimental Methods 800/10.5/2.5 t
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Experimental Methods term. In the m
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Experimental Methods Soil Surface F
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Experimental Methods Depth (cm) 0 1
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Experimental Methods ence surface c
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Experimental Methods chine derives
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Experimental Methods depth. The dat
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Experimental Methods with water and
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Experimental Methods 2.4 Statistica
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Laboratory Studies Into Undercarria
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Page 73 and 74: Laboratory Studies Into Undercarria
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Page 77 and 78: Field Study With Full Size Combine
Page 99 and 100: Alleviation of Soil Compaction Howe
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Page 103 and 104: Alleviation of Soil Compaction in a
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Page 107 and 108: Soil Compaction Models sibilities t
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Page 111 and 112: Soil Compaction Models Wroth (1968)
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Page 115 and 116: Soil Compaction Models level. Criti
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Page 121 and 122: Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
Page 123: Soil Compaction Models ture content
Page 127 and 128: Soil Compaction Models Predicted In
Page 129 and 130: Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
Page 131 and 132: Soil Compaction Models and 13.7 % b
Page 133 and 134: Soil Compaction Models Rel. Density
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Page 137 and 138: Soil Compaction Models The approach
Page 139 and 140: Soil Compaction Models surface stay
Page 141 and 142: Soil Compaction Models This result
Page 143 and 144: Soil Compaction Models 6.6.1.3 Wate
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Page 149 and 150: Soil Compaction Models The response
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Page 153 and 154: Soil Compaction Models SOILFLEX tak
Page 155 and 156: Ancillary Experiments 7 ANCILLARY E
Page 157 and 158: Ancillary Experiments Average conta
Page 159 and 160: Ancillary Experiments In order to c
Page 161 and 162: Ancillary Experiments contrary, the
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Page 167 and 168: Ancillary Experiments even when hav
Page 169 and 170: Ancillary Experiments 7.3.2 Influen
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Ancillary Experiments Contact Press
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 123: F
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Ancillary Experiments Sinkage (mm)
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Ancillary Experiments model which o
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.5 The Inf
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.7 Discuss
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Ancillary Experiments Terzaghi (194
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Ancillary Experiments contact area.
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Ancillary Experiments soil forward
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Conclusions � The longitudinal so
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Bibliography 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY Aboaba
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Bibliography Defossez, P., Richard,
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Bibliography Gregory, A.S.; Whalley
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Bibliography Lamande, M., Schjonnin
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Bibliography Seig, D., 1985. Soil C
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Appendix 11 APPENDIX Ph.D. Thesis D
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Appendix Figure 32: VCL sample at t
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Appendix comparison at the deepest
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Appendix Estimated Pressure (kPa) 2
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Appendix 11.1.1.2.1 SOCOMO One of t
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Appendix by Seig (1985) who showed
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Appendix Soil water content 15 % an
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Appendix Adapting critical state so
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Appendix density is obtained by add
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Appendix Table 5: Values of constan
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Appendix choice of a concentration
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Appendix 11.1.3.1 Dense/Hard and Lo
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Appendix 11.1.3.2 Stratified Soil C
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Appendix To summarize the ability t
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Appendix In the following the predi
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Appendix concentration factor of 4,
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Appendix 11.1.5.1 Confining Pressur
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Appendix Figure 24. The VCL created
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Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
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Appendix relation of � 1 to � 2
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Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
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Appendix Rel. Density 1,7 1,68 1,66
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Appendix Depth (mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0
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Appendix Figure 42: Plate in cookin
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Appendix � z � � �� k c p
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Appendix Table 8: n and k depending
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Appendix to the plate sinkage equat
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Appendix with a slight deviation fr
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Appendix Table 12: DBD values for a
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