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Appendix closely agree with the real data. Overall the approach by O’Sullivan et al. (1998) to set the confining pressure in relation to the axial load appears justified. Depth (mm) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Soil Displacement (mm) 0 50 100 150 200 900 Weak 900 Dense Averageof 5 Dense Average of 5 Weak Average of 3 Dense Average of 3 Weak Average of Dense Dense Average of Dense Weak Figure 41: Predicted and measured (Antille, 2006) soil displacement on denser and weakr soil conditions for the 900/10.5/1.9 11.1.6 VCL from Plate Sinkage Data from Triaxial Cell As it proved to be difficult to gain a virgin compression line describing the soil in such a way as the tyre experiences it, a different approach to gain a virgin compression line was to use the contact patches, pressures and sinkage data of Section 6.3. Similar to the soil bin a uniform soil density increase over the entire depth was assumed as no sideways movement of the soil could be detected. Again the punching type of soil failure appeared in all measurements and is shown in Figure 42. No heave is visible at the surface indicating hardly sideways movement of the soil. The plate sinkage experiment was conducted as specified in Section 2.8. The virgin compression line of the soil was calculated in the same way as for the tyre data. The plate sinkage divided by soil depth resulted in the average increase of soil density assuming uniformity with depth. With the average increase and the known initial density the final density was calculated and then 2.66 divided by it to gain the relative density. As with the soil bin, contact pressure was transformed into mean normal pressure as shown in Section 6.3.3 and the resulting virgin compression line is shown in Figure 43. The function for the different plates (left hand side of Figure 43) indicates a slightly weaker soil as the one for the same plate with different loads on the right hand side. Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) 233
Appendix Figure 42: Plate in cooking pot after compression. No sideways heave visible Feeding the slope and the intercept of these virgin compression lines into the O’Sullivan model gave a close agreement to the measured data as shown in Figure 44. Figure 44 shows as well the predictions if the contact pressures were taken for mean normal pressures. Similar to the real tyre data then soil displacement is significantly underestimated. RelativeDensity 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 y=-0,2455Ln(x)+2,6383 R 2 =0,8323 10 100 Pressure(kPa) Rel.Density y=-0,3144Ln(x)+2,9358 R 2 =0,9798 0 10 Pressure(kPa) 100 Figure 43: Virgin compression line for plate sinkage tests with different plate sizes (left) Depth (mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0 300,0 400,0 500,0 600,0 700,0 800,0 and different pressures on same plate (right) Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 Displacement (mm) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Plate Sinkage Diff Plate Sinkage Same Plate Sinkage Diff 0.38 Real Data TireVCL 0.38 Plate Sinkage Same 0.38 Figure 44: Measured and differently predicted soil displacement for the 900/10.5/1.9 on uniform soil conditions VCL 234
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Cranfield University School of Appl
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Abstract Ancillary experiments show
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Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents 4.1.3 Analysis of
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Table of Contents 11.1.1.1 Comparis
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 3
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 1
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Nomenclature NOMENCLATURE Abbreviat
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Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Bac
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Introduction � Ansorge, D. and Go
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Introduction 1.2 Aim To elucidate t
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Introduction a) the soil compaction
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Experimental Methods 2.1.1.1 Test F
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Experimental Methods had been mount
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Experimental Methods track; the loa
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Experimental Methods 800/10.5/2.5 t
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Experimental Methods term. In the m
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Experimental Methods Soil Surface F
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Experimental Methods Depth (cm) 0 1
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Experimental Methods ence surface c
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Experimental Methods chine derives
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Experimental Methods depth. The dat
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Experimental Methods with water and
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Experimental Methods 2.4 Statistica
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Laboratory Studies Into Undercarria
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Field Study With Full Size Combine
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction Howe
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction not
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction in a
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction diff
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Soil Compaction Models sibilities t
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Soil Compaction Models depends on t
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Soil Compaction Models Wroth (1968)
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Soil Compaction Models however, the
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Soil Compaction Models level. Criti
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Soil Compaction Models Utilizing Ke
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Soil Compaction Models average of m
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Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
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Soil Compaction Models ture content
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Soil Compaction Models with four ot
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Soil Compaction Models Predicted In
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Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
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Soil Compaction Models and 13.7 % b
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Soil Compaction Models Rel. Density
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Soil Compaction Models VCL paramete
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Soil Compaction Models The approach
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Soil Compaction Models surface stay
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Soil Compaction Models This result
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Soil Compaction Models 6.6.1.3 Wate
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Soil Compaction Models σσ 1 (kPA)
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Soil Compaction Models pressure to
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Soil Compaction Models The response
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Soil Compaction Models On medium so
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Soil Compaction Models SOILFLEX tak
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Ancillary Experiments 7 ANCILLARY E
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Ancillary Experiments Average conta
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Ancillary Experiments In order to c
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Ancillary Experiments contrary, the
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 102: S
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Ancillary Experiments track and the
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Ancillary Experiments even when hav
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.2 Influen
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Ancillary Experiments The results f
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 117: S
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Ancillary Experiments Contact Press
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 123: F
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Ancillary Experiments Sinkage (mm)
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Ancillary Experiments model which o
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.5 The Inf
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.7 Discuss
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Ancillary Experiments Terzaghi (194
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Ancillary Experiments contact area.
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Ancillary Experiments soil forward
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Conclusions � The longitudinal so
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Bibliography 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY Aboaba
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Bibliography Defossez, P., Richard,
Page 199 and 200: Bibliography Gregory, A.S.; Whalley
Page 201 and 202: Bibliography Lamande, M., Schjonnin
Page 203 and 204: Bibliography Seig, D., 1985. Soil C
Page 205 and 206: Appendix 11 APPENDIX Ph.D. Thesis D
Page 207 and 208: Appendix Figure 32: VCL sample at t
Page 209 and 210: Appendix comparison at the deepest
Page 211 and 212: Appendix Estimated Pressure (kPa) 2
Page 213 and 214: Appendix 11.1.1.2.1 SOCOMO One of t
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Page 217 and 218: Appendix Soil water content 15 % an
Page 219 and 220: Appendix Adapting critical state so
Page 221 and 222: Appendix density is obtained by add
Page 223 and 224: Appendix Table 5: Values of constan
Page 225 and 226: Appendix choice of a concentration
Page 227 and 228: Appendix 11.1.3.1 Dense/Hard and Lo
Page 229 and 230: Appendix 11.1.3.2 Stratified Soil C
Page 231 and 232: Appendix To summarize the ability t
Page 233 and 234: Appendix In the following the predi
Page 235 and 236: Appendix concentration factor of 4,
Page 237 and 238: Appendix 11.1.5.1 Confining Pressur
Page 239 and 240: Appendix Figure 24. The VCL created
Page 241 and 242: Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
Page 243 and 244: Appendix relation of � 1 to � 2
Page 245 and 246: Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
Page 247 and 248: Appendix Rel. Density 1,7 1,68 1,66
Page 249: Appendix Depth (mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0
Page 253 and 254: Appendix � z � � �� k c p
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Page 259 and 260: Appendix with a slight deviation fr
Page 261: Appendix Table 12: DBD values for a
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