Cranfield University

Appendix
11 Appendix
List of Figures - Appendix
Figure 1: Estimated (from O’Sullivan et al. (1998)) vs. contact pressure for tyre loads... 193
Figure 2: Estimated pressure from Keller (2005) vs. contact pressure for tyre loads ....... 194
Figure 3: Estimated combined failure area for 680/10.5/2.2 at a preconsolidation........... 197
Figure 4: Estimated combined failure area for 680/10.5/2.2 at a preconsolidation........... 197
Figure 5: Measured (solid line) and predicted (broken line) soil displacement for........... 203
Figure 6: VCL Theory ....................................................................................................... 204
Figure 7: Virgin compression line for sandy loam soils.................................................... 207
Figure 8: Measured and predicted soil displacement for tyres .......................................... 208
Figure 9: Measured and predicted soil displacement at different concentration factors .. 208
Figure 10: Measured vs. predicted average percentage increase in soil density ............. 209
Figure 11: Measured and predicted soil displacement for tyres ...................................... 210
Figure 12: Predicted vs. measured increase in soil displacement for the data from........ 211
Figure 13: Predicted and measured soil displacement on stratified soil.......................... 212
Figure 14: Predicted and measured soil displacement after multipasses......................... 213
Figure 15: Predicted and measured soil displacement on stratified soil.......................... 214
Figure 16: Predicted vs. measured increase in soil displacement for multi passes ......... 214
Figure 17: VCL for clay soil gained in field experiment................................................. 215
Figure 18: Predicted vs. measured soil displacement on clay soil in field ...................... 216
Figure 19: Measured and predicted soil displacement..................................................... 218
Figure 20: Virgin compression lines from different grouping of field experiments ....... 218
Figure 21: Measured and predicted soil displacement..................................................... 219
Figure 22: The influence of loading time on the shape of virgin compression lines....... 220
Figure 23: Influence of different initial densities and moisture contents on final VCL.. 221
Figure 24: Different VCLs from Literature ..................................................................... 222
Figure 25: Volume necessary to pressurize cell ............................................................. 223
Figure 26: Regression line of one arm used to estimate a regression function ............... 223
Figure 27: VCL with and without compensation for water compressibility ................... 224
Figure 28: VCL radial pressure up to 30 kPa followed by axial loading ........................ 225
Figure 29: � 1 in relation to � 2 and� 3 during the trial of VCL_2_231106..................... 225
Figure 30: VCL for VCL_1_241106 with cell volume change ....................................... 226
Figure 31:
� 1 in relation to
� 2 and
� 3 during the virgin compression test loading........ 226
Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007)
189