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Ancillary Experiments The study from Lamande et al. (2006) confirming the theory of Söhne (1954) used identi- cal contact pressures on different plate sizes. Thus the soil was subjected to the same pressure with each plate but with larger plates the total load increased. This resulted in twice the LPPL for the larger plate compared to the smaller one at the same contact pressure. Considering the concept of the LPPL, this might explain the larger impact of greater loads Lamande et al. (2006) observed in the subsoil and actually show that it is neither the contact pressure nor the load determining alone soil deformation and pressure distribution in the soil. It is a combination of the LPPL and the contact pressure. The ability to describe the sinkage behavior from the soil bin experiments with the parameter LPPL reasonably well lead to a subsequent step: an investigation of the pattern of data points from small scale sinkage experiments replicating full size contact patches and plotting sinkage vs. LPPL compared to contact pressure for them. In a first instance this was investigated by using one plate and varying the applied pressure and measuring its sinkage and subsequently using different plate shapes scaled from real contact geometry. 7.3.4.1 Variation of plate sinkage with applied load/contact pressure The response of small scale plates to applied pressure was investigated. A rectangular plate was laden to different contact pressures and the sinkage recorded. Afterwards the sinkage was plotted against contact pressure which is shown in Figure 125. A straight line fits the data exceptionally well and the intercept states that up to a pressure of 31 kPa no sinkage will take place as the soil is strong enough to carry this load without deformation. Plotting the data against LPPL (Figure 125, left) does not reveal a different pattern. Conse- quently in this condition with one plate size it could not be decided which of the two pa- rameters is able to describe the data more precisely. Due to the fact that the plate shape is the same, this is expected as with varying load contact pressure and LPPL change propor- tional to each other. Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) 162
Ancillary Experiments Sinkage (mm) 30 25 20 15 10 5 y= 0,2014x- 6,285 R 2 = 0,9653 0 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 Contact Pressure (kPa) y= 15,664x- 6,285 R 2 = 0,9653 Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) Sinkage (mm) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 163 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 LPPL(kN/m) Figure 125: Sinkage of plate against contact pressure (left hand side) and against LPPL (left hand side) for plate No 1 7.3.4.2 The influence of the LPPL for different contact sizes When introducing the parameter LPPL and plotting soil density increase against LPPL for soil bin data as shown in Figure 124 there was a clear relationship and higher correlation than with contact pressure. With scaled contact patches the question was if a similar pattern could be found. As shown in Figure 126 (left) when plotting sinkage vs. pressure a linear relationship could fit the data reasonably well. When plotting sinkage against LPPL the noise increases which is opposite to the findings in the lab. Sinkage (mm) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Pressure (kPa) Sinkage (mm) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 LPPL (kN/m) Figure 126: Sinkage vs. pressure (left) and vs. LPPL for different plate shapes replicating tyre contact patches from this study and Ansorge (2005, a)
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Cranfield University School of Appl
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Abstract Ancillary experiments show
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Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents 4.1.3 Analysis of
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Table of Contents 11.1.1.1 Comparis
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 3
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 1
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Nomenclature NOMENCLATURE Abbreviat
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Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Bac
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Introduction � Ansorge, D. and Go
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Introduction 1.2 Aim To elucidate t
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Introduction a) the soil compaction
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Experimental Methods 2.1.1.1 Test F
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Experimental Methods had been mount
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Experimental Methods track; the loa
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Experimental Methods 800/10.5/2.5 t
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Experimental Methods term. In the m
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Experimental Methods Soil Surface F
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Experimental Methods Depth (cm) 0 1
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Experimental Methods ence surface c
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Experimental Methods chine derives
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Experimental Methods depth. The dat
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Experimental Methods with water and
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Experimental Methods 2.4 Statistica
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Laboratory Studies Into Undercarria
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Field Study With Full Size Combine
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction Howe
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction not
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction in a
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Alleviation of Soil Compaction diff
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Soil Compaction Models sibilities t
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Soil Compaction Models depends on t
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Soil Compaction Models Wroth (1968)
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Soil Compaction Models however, the
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Soil Compaction Models level. Criti
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Soil Compaction Models Utilizing Ke
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Soil Compaction Models average of m
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Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
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Soil Compaction Models ture content
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Soil Compaction Models with four ot
Page 127 and 128: Soil Compaction Models Predicted In
Page 129 and 130: Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
Page 131 and 132: Soil Compaction Models and 13.7 % b
Page 133 and 134: Soil Compaction Models Rel. Density
Page 135 and 136: Soil Compaction Models VCL paramete
Page 137 and 138: Soil Compaction Models The approach
Page 139 and 140: Soil Compaction Models surface stay
Page 141 and 142: Soil Compaction Models This result
Page 143 and 144: Soil Compaction Models 6.6.1.3 Wate
Page 145 and 146: Soil Compaction Models σσ 1 (kPA)
Page 147 and 148: Soil Compaction Models pressure to
Page 149 and 150: Soil Compaction Models The response
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Page 153 and 154: Soil Compaction Models SOILFLEX tak
Page 155 and 156: Ancillary Experiments 7 ANCILLARY E
Page 157 and 158: Ancillary Experiments Average conta
Page 159 and 160: Ancillary Experiments In order to c
Page 161 and 162: Ancillary Experiments contrary, the
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Page 165 and 166: Ancillary Experiments track and the
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Page 169 and 170: Ancillary Experiments 7.3.2 Influen
Page 171 and 172: Ancillary Experiments The results f
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Page 175 and 176: Ancillary Experiments Contact Press
Page 177: Ancillary Experiments Figure 123: F
Page 181 and 182: Ancillary Experiments model which o
Page 183 and 184: Ancillary Experiments 7.3.5 The Inf
Page 185 and 186: Ancillary Experiments 7.3.7 Discuss
Page 187 and 188: Ancillary Experiments Terzaghi (194
Page 189 and 190: Ancillary Experiments contact area.
Page 191 and 192: Ancillary Experiments soil forward
Page 193 and 194: Conclusions � The longitudinal so
Page 195 and 196: Bibliography 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY Aboaba
Page 197 and 198: Bibliography Defossez, P., Richard,
Page 199 and 200: Bibliography Gregory, A.S.; Whalley
Page 201 and 202: Bibliography Lamande, M., Schjonnin
Page 203 and 204: Bibliography Seig, D., 1985. Soil C
Page 205 and 206: Appendix 11 APPENDIX Ph.D. Thesis D
Page 207 and 208: Appendix Figure 32: VCL sample at t
Page 209 and 210: Appendix comparison at the deepest
Page 211 and 212: Appendix Estimated Pressure (kPa) 2
Page 213 and 214: Appendix 11.1.1.2.1 SOCOMO One of t
Page 215 and 216: Appendix by Seig (1985) who showed
Page 217 and 218: Appendix Soil water content 15 % an
Page 219 and 220: Appendix Adapting critical state so
Page 221 and 222: Appendix density is obtained by add
Page 223 and 224: Appendix Table 5: Values of constan
Page 225 and 226: Appendix choice of a concentration
Page 227 and 228: Appendix 11.1.3.1 Dense/Hard and Lo
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Appendix 11.1.3.2 Stratified Soil C
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Appendix To summarize the ability t
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Appendix In the following the predi
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Appendix concentration factor of 4,
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Appendix 11.1.5.1 Confining Pressur
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Appendix Figure 24. The VCL created
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Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
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Appendix relation of � 1 to � 2
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Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
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Appendix Rel. Density 1,7 1,68 1,66
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Appendix Depth (mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0
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Appendix Figure 42: Plate in cookin
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Appendix � z � � �� k c p
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Appendix Table 8: n and k depending
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Appendix to the plate sinkage equat
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Appendix with a slight deviation fr
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Appendix Table 12: DBD values for a
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