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Field Study With Full Size Combine Harvesters bution was strongly influenced by the missing measurements in the surface 150 mm, no consequences will be drawn for the overall analysis. Depth (mm) Titel Y-Achse 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Tyre Depth (mm) Titel Y-Achse 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 0 2 20 4 6 40 60 Titel X-Achse Displacement (mm) 8 80 10 100 0 Track 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 Titel X-Achse Displacement (mm) Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) Depth (mm) Titel Y-Achse 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 62 High Inflation Pressure 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 Titel X-Achse Displacement (mm) Figure 48: Soil displacement vs. depth on clay soil for individual treatments fitted with linear regressions Therefore linear regression functions were chosen to evaluate the single treatments on the different soils as overall they showed the same R 2 than more complicated functions and allowed simple comparisons. 4.1.1.1 Clay Soil Figure 49 shows the movement of the fishing hooks vs. depth. From this graph it would be difficult to detect differences between single treatments. Therefore a statistical regression analysis for the movement of the fishhooks was carried out and revealed significant differences in the slope and intercept of the regression lines for the clay. The parameters of a statistical regression analysis are shown in Table 12. Take note that in the diagrams the depth is used as the dependent variable, yet the statistical analysis was carried out with the soil displacement depending on depth (Eq. 1) whereby the slope s of the line represents the density increase of the soil. Table 12 clearly shows that all slopes were negative and all intercepts were positive indicating soil displacement below every single treatment. This was confirmed as for all CI the lower and upper boundary had the same algebraic sign. The slope and intercept were similar for the two tracks, as were the two normal tyre treatments. The replications of the track and the tyre overlap with their confidence intervals but none of the means was included in the CI of the other treatment and hence they could be regarded as statistically significantly
Field Study With Full Size Combine Harvesters different. Due to the similar relationships and in order to reduce the variation to obtain the effect of track vs. tyres, the data of each were pooled together. This pooled data is shown in Figure 50 and the statistical parameters are listed in Table 12. Grouping the data together produces a more coherent picture, because the number of data points per group increased. The data points and the corresponding regression lines are shown in Figure 50. The slope of the regression line for the track was significantly different from the one for the tyres. There was as well significant difference between the results of the tyre and the tyre at high inflation pressure. Moreover the slope was larger indicating more soil compaction than for a tyre at normal inflation pressure which was accompanied by a larger intercept on the X-Axis; thus creating overall a larger soil displacement and hence soil compaction. From the slope it could be concluded that on average the tracked machine increased soil density by approximately 9 %, the wheeled machine by 16 %, and at high inflation pressure by about 20 %. These values had the same magnitude compared to the results from the sandy loam soil in the laboratory study (13 % and 18 % for tracked and wheeled machines, respectively). Depth Depth (cm) (mm) 600 400 200 0 0 20 40 60 0 0 2 20 4 40 6 60 8 80 10 100 Deformation Displacement Deformation Displacement (cm) (mm) Tire 1 Track 1 Tire 2 Track 2 High Inflation Pressure Regression Tire 1 Regression Track 1 Regression Tire 2 Ph.D. Thesis Dirk Ansorge (2007) 63 Regression Track 2 Regression High Inflation Pressure Figure 49: Soil displacement and regression lines for clay with individual groups
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Cranfield University School of Appl
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Abstract Ancillary experiments show
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Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents 4.1.3 Analysis of
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Table of Contents 11.1.1.1 Comparis
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 3
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List of Figures and Tables Figure 1
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Nomenclature NOMENCLATURE Abbreviat
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Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Bac
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Introduction � Ansorge, D. and Go
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Introduction 1.2 Aim To elucidate t
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Introduction a) the soil compaction
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Experimental Methods 2.1.1.1 Test F
Page 27 and 28: Experimental Methods had been mount
Page 29 and 30: Experimental Methods track; the loa
Page 31 and 32: Experimental Methods 800/10.5/2.5 t
Page 33 and 34: Experimental Methods term. In the m
Page 35 and 36: Experimental Methods Soil Surface F
Page 37 and 38: Experimental Methods Depth (cm) 0 1
Page 39 and 40: Experimental Methods ence surface c
Page 41 and 42: Experimental Methods chine derives
Page 43 and 44: Experimental Methods depth. The dat
Page 45 and 46: Experimental Methods with water and
Page 47 and 48: Experimental Methods 2.4 Statistica
Page 49 and 50: Laboratory Studies Into Undercarria
Page 77: Field Study With Full Size Combine
Page 81 and 82: Field Study With Full Size Combine
Page 99 and 100: Alleviation of Soil Compaction Howe
Page 101 and 102: Alleviation of Soil Compaction not
Page 103 and 104: Alleviation of Soil Compaction in a
Page 105 and 106: Alleviation of Soil Compaction diff
Page 107 and 108: Soil Compaction Models sibilities t
Page 109 and 110: Soil Compaction Models depends on t
Page 111 and 112: Soil Compaction Models Wroth (1968)
Page 113 and 114: Soil Compaction Models however, the
Page 115 and 116: Soil Compaction Models level. Criti
Page 117 and 118: Soil Compaction Models Utilizing Ke
Page 119 and 120: Soil Compaction Models average of m
Page 121 and 122: Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
Page 123 and 124: Soil Compaction Models ture content
Page 125 and 126: Soil Compaction Models with four ot
Page 127 and 128: Soil Compaction Models Predicted In
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Soil Compaction Models Depth (mm) -
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Soil Compaction Models and 13.7 % b
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Soil Compaction Models Rel. Density
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Soil Compaction Models VCL paramete
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Soil Compaction Models The approach
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Soil Compaction Models surface stay
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Soil Compaction Models This result
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Soil Compaction Models 6.6.1.3 Wate
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Soil Compaction Models σσ 1 (kPA)
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Soil Compaction Models pressure to
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Soil Compaction Models The response
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Soil Compaction Models On medium so
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Soil Compaction Models SOILFLEX tak
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Ancillary Experiments 7 ANCILLARY E
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Ancillary Experiments Average conta
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Ancillary Experiments In order to c
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Ancillary Experiments contrary, the
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 102: S
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Ancillary Experiments track and the
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Ancillary Experiments even when hav
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.2 Influen
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Ancillary Experiments The results f
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 117: S
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Ancillary Experiments Contact Press
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Ancillary Experiments Figure 123: F
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Ancillary Experiments Sinkage (mm)
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Ancillary Experiments model which o
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.5 The Inf
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Ancillary Experiments 7.3.7 Discuss
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Ancillary Experiments Terzaghi (194
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Ancillary Experiments contact area.
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Ancillary Experiments soil forward
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Conclusions � The longitudinal so
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Bibliography 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY Aboaba
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Bibliography Defossez, P., Richard,
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Bibliography Gregory, A.S.; Whalley
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Bibliography Lamande, M., Schjonnin
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Bibliography Seig, D., 1985. Soil C
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Appendix 11 APPENDIX Ph.D. Thesis D
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Appendix Figure 32: VCL sample at t
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Appendix comparison at the deepest
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Appendix Estimated Pressure (kPa) 2
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Appendix 11.1.1.2.1 SOCOMO One of t
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Appendix by Seig (1985) who showed
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Appendix Soil water content 15 % an
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Appendix Adapting critical state so
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Appendix density is obtained by add
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Appendix Table 5: Values of constan
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Appendix choice of a concentration
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Appendix 11.1.3.1 Dense/Hard and Lo
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Appendix 11.1.3.2 Stratified Soil C
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Appendix To summarize the ability t
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Appendix In the following the predi
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Appendix concentration factor of 4,
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Appendix 11.1.5.1 Confining Pressur
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Appendix Figure 24. The VCL created
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Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
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Appendix relation of � 1 to � 2
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Appendix Rel. Density 2 1,9 1,8 1,7
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Appendix Rel. Density 1,7 1,68 1,66
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Appendix Depth (mm) 0,0 100,0 200,0
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Appendix Figure 42: Plate in cookin
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Appendix � z � � �� k c p
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Appendix Table 8: n and k depending
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Appendix to the plate sinkage equat
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Appendix with a slight deviation fr
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Appendix Table 12: DBD values for a
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