Certificate - Etheses - Saurashtra University

of differences in food available (Ohdachi and Aoi, 1987). They also reported
consumption of mushrooms by brown bear and a seasonal variation in the frequency
occurrence of mushrooms in scats in Hokkaido though its estimated volume was low.
Availability of most of the other food items of brown bear was between March and
October months. Food plants: Capsella bursa pastoris, Chenopodium album,
Fragaria nubicola and Taraxacum officinale were available throughout March/April
to September/October, except Rumex nepalensis which was available till November.
Brown bears were observed digging and feeding on this plant extensively before
hibernation. Variety of food plants such as Chaerophyllum reflexum, Napeta
laevigata, Origanum vulgare, Potentilla argyrophylla, Impatiens scabrida, Stachys
melissaefolia, Stellaria media and Typhonum seginatum were available as food plants
during May to September. Ants and insects were consumed by bears from the time of
emergence after hibernation. Livestock, sheep and goat, were present in large
numbers from May till October when nomadic graziers visited the sanctuary area. The
presence of remnants of different food items in the scats of bears were directly
correlated with the availability of food items in different months in Kugti wildlife
sanctuary.
On the contrary, the summer food habits of brown bears investigated in Kekexili
Nature Reserve, Quinghai-Tibetan plateau, China indicated that brown bears were
primarily carnivorous plateau; their diet was mainly constituted of pika (Ochotona
curzoniae), wild yak (Bos grunniens), and Tibetan antelope in that region (Xu et al.,
2006). Vegetable matter also occurred in bear feces. Food habits of grizzly bears in
the Yellowstone area of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho revealed that ungulates
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