Organohalogen concentrations and a gross and histologic ...

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Table 1 Classification of 91 East Greenland polar bears sampled during 1999-2002, into three groups of renal lesions (mild, moderate and severe) based on glomerular/tubular lesions, hyalin casts, tubular protein droplets and pigments and interstitial changes. Presence of histopathological changes is given by ”-”: absent, ”(+)”: mild, ”+”: moderate and ”++”: severe. 166 Categorisation Mild (n=53) To test the relationship between histopathological changes, age, sex and season, all individuals were categorised into one of three groups of severity (mild, moderate and severe), based on the glomerular, tubular and interstitial lesions (Table 1). This categorisation was also used in the further datahandling of histopathological changes in relation to age/sex, season and contaminants. Relationships between renal lesions, age and sex Moderate (n=27) Uniform glomerulonephhritis and -sclerosis – + ++ Hyalinisation of tubular basement membrane accompanied with atrophy and fibrosis as well as total glomerular sclerosis – + ++ Tubular cellproliferation – – (+) Medullary cylindric hyaline casts (+) + ++ Tubular protein droplets and pigments + + + Interstitial mononuclear cell infiltrations (+) (+) (+) Frequency (%) 100 80 60 40 20 Severe 0 Moderate Mild Severe (n=11) Fig. 5 shows that no subadults exhibited severe renal lesions, while the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe lesions, respectively, was the same in adult females and adult males (p>0.6). This was also reflected in the mean age of bears with severe lesions, which was significantly higher compared to bears with mild and moderate lesions, respectively (both: p
Hyalin casts Hyalin casts were evaluated in only 77 of the 91 individuals examined due to autolysis and/or freeze damage. Large amounts of tubular hyaline casts (cylindres) were found in 71% (24 of 34) of the individuals categorised into groups of moderate/severe changes and in 37% (16 of 43) of the individuals categorised into groups of mild changes (Table 1). This difference was significant (p0.11). Interstitial mononuclear cellinfiltrations No significant relation was found between interstitial cellinfiltrations and medullary luminal hyaline casts (p>0.1) nor between interstitial cellinfiltrations and glomerular/tubular lesions (p>0.28). Beside this, the presence of renal interstitial cellinfiltrates within each individual were significantly related to the degree of mononuclear cell infiltrates in the liver parenchyma (granulomas) or portal areas (p0.19). Relationship between histopathology, contaminants and BMD Age sex and seasonal variations in the levels of organochlorines in East Greenland polar bears have been reported previously by Dietz et al. (2004). Briefly, levels of ∑-PCBs, ∑-DDTs, dieldrin, ∑-HCHs and ∑-PBDEs did not differ by age or sex groups (subadults, adult females and adult males) (all: p>0.12) while levels of HCB in subadults of both sexes were significantly higher than in adult males (p0.13). However, in 12 adult males examined, BMD levels were significantly higher in the group of severe lesions when compared to the group of moderate lesions and significant higher in the group of mild lesions when compared to the group of moderate lesions (both: p
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National Environmental Research Ins
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National Environmental Research Ins
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Contents Summary 7 Resumé 11 Prefa
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Paper III-b Periodontitis and tooth
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Summary Marine mammals in the Arcti
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elations between histological chang
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Resumé Betydelige mængder svært
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signifikante relationer blev fundet
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Preface Since ca. 1960 signficant a
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Acquarone, Poul Johansen and Inge B
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Abbreviations ∑ Sum of congeners
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Introduction Study area and samplin
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content and composition) varying wi
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Of the PCBs found in the East Green
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son Bay bears while the difference
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Individual levels and biological ef
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No. skulls collected 50 45 40 35 30
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temperature extremes and/or food av
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Chapter 3 Bone mineral density and
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BMD analysed by DXA reflects the ar
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Table 4 Range in the levels (ng/g l
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Chapter 4 Liver histology of East G
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Table 7 Levels of ∑-PCBs, ∑-DDT
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Frequency (%) 100 80 60 40 20 Sever
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Effects of PBBs (PolyBrominated Bip
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Etiology and pathogenesis E Figure
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common sign (Acland 1995, Feldman 1
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Conclusions and final assessments O
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of CYP-450 activity that impact cir
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Regarding renal tissue, we will try
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Bernhoft, A., Ø. Wiig and J. U. Sk
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Feldman, E. C. (1995): Hyperadrenoc
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(eds.): Ringed seals in the North A
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McCormack, K. M., W. M. Kluwe, V. L
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Rosing-Asvid, A., E. W. Born and M.
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Valentino, R., S. Savastano, A. P.
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Paper I Seasonal and temporal trend
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eproductive rates of seals in the B
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concentrations of the 41 individual
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Figure 1 Capture locations of the p
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Table 4 Results of ANOVAs (F-value
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Long-Term Temporal Changes in OC Co
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Discussion Geographical Variation i
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sen et al. (2001) studied the trend
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higher than reported in other studi
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Bergman A, Olsson M. Pathology of b
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Muir D, Norstrom RJ. Geographical d
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Wiig Ø, Gjertz I, Hansson R, Thoma
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Key words: polar bear, Ursus mariti
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2. Materials and methods 2.1 Sampli
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2.3 Age Determination The age deter
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No. skulls collected 50 45 40 35 30
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Table 4 Results (test and p-values)
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Table 6 Results from F-tests (p-val
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(oxy-chlordane, trans-chlordane, ci
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Also Pertoldi et al. (1997) investi
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study could not document a relation
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Lie E, Bernhoft A, Riget FF, Beliko
Page 117 and 118: function in harbour seals (Phoca vi
Page 119 and 120: (p=0.94). Negative correlation betw
Page 121 and 122: Osteodensitometry X-ray osteodensit
Page 123 and 124: Figure 2 BMD (g cm 2 ) in skulls fr
Page 125 and 126: Table 3 Significant results from th
Page 127 and 128: 2003) and plasma retinol and thyroi
Page 129 and 130: Comiso JC. 2002. A rapidly declinin
Page 131 and 132: Manalagas SC, Jilka RJ. 1995. Bone
Page 133 and 134: Valentine DW, Soulé M. 1973. Effec
Page 135 and 136: have the potential for adverse heal
Page 137 and 138: Dioxin-like contaminants Extraction
Page 139 and 140: Concentration 9000 8000 7000 6000 5
Page 141 and 142: Acknowledgements Danish Cooperation
Page 143 and 144: Polischuk, S. C., R. J. Letcher, R.
Page 145 and 146: Paper IV Liver histology of free-ra
Page 147 and 148: Histology All tissue samples were t
Page 149 and 150: Figure 1 Hepatic lipid accumulation
Page 151 and 152: Figure 2 Left: Portal mononuclear c
Page 153 and 154: Relationship between histology and
Page 155 and 156: kinson 1996). Due to these mechanis
Page 157 and 158: sues. Arctic Monitoring and Assessm
Page 159 and 160: van Duursen, M.B.M., Sanderson, J.
Page 161 and 162: Introduction Polar bears (Ursus mar
Page 163 and 164: Briefly, ∑PCBs is the sum (s) of
Page 165 and 166: Figure 1 Bottom: example of glomeru
Page 167: Figure 3 Tubular cell proliferation
Page 171 and 172: Figure 6 Hyperemia (arrows) in the
Page 173 and 174: al., 2003). We did not find such a
Page 175 and 176: ANDERSEN, M., E. LIE, A. E. DEROCHE
Page 177 and 178: LUROSS, J. M., M. ALAEE, D. B. SERG
Page 179 and 180: organic mercury in liver and kidney
Page 181 and 182: Introduction Polar bears (Ursus mar
Page 183 and 184: Macroscopic examination of reproduc
Page 185 and 186: Results and discussion The female p
Page 187 and 188: SC II PC/LC Figure 2 The histology
Page 189 and 190: The relatively low levels of analys
Page 191 and 192: (Table 4), and we therefore conclud
Page 193 and 194: Acknowledgements Danish Cooperation
Page 195 and 196: Letcher RJ, Klasson-Wehler E, Bergm
Page 197 and 198: Swart RL, Ross PS, Vedder LJ, Timme
Page 199 and 200: 10. Heier, A., C. Sonne, A. Gröne,
Page 201 and 202: crine organs and skulls in the East
Page 203: To investigate the relation between
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