Stormwater Quality Design Manual (May 2007) - City of Sacramento ...

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Runoff Reduction Control Measure Fact SheetInterceptor TreesHow do interceptor trees protect water quality?Interceptor trees are ideal for all projects, including those where space is limited, in which trees can beplaced along street frontages and in common space. Urban areas with higher numbers of trees exhibithydrology more similar to natural conditions compared to urban areas without a tree canopy. Treesintercept storm water and retain a significant volume of the captured water on their leaves and branchesallowing for evaporation and providing runoff reduction benefits. For example, a large oak tree canintercept and retain more than 500 to 1,000 gallons of rainfall in a given year (Cappiella, 2004). While themost effective Interceptor Trees are large canopied evergreen trees, deciduous trees can also provide abenefit. For example, a leafless Bradford pear will retain more than one half the amount of precipitationintercepted by an evergreen cork oak (Xiao et al., 2000).The shade provided by trees keeps the ground under the trees cooler, thereby reducing the amount of heatgained in runoff that flows over the surface under the trees. This attenuation of heat in storm water helpscontrol increases in stream temperatures. On slopes, tree roots hold soil in place and prevent erosion.Planning and Siting ConsiderationsCheck with the local permitting agency about requirements for trees located in public utility easements.A tree permit may be required to plant, prune or remove such trees. Also, consultation with an arborist isrecommended for selecting and locating appropriate tree species for the unique site conditions.New trees• Select trees from a list of approved species established by the permitting agency (see Table INT-1for examples, but check with appropriate agency for verification). Native species and those with alarger canopy at maturity are generally preferred, depending on available space for root andcanopy.• Select tree species based on the soils found on the site, available water, and aesthetics. Soil inplanter areas may be amended to satisfy species requirements. Consult a landscape architect orarborist to ensure suitability of species for site conditions and design intent.• Do not plant monocultures of same family, genus and/or cultivar. Do not plant trees too closetogether.• Interceptor trees should be incorporated into the site’s general landscaping plan, but treesdesignated for storm water credits must be clearly labeled on plans submitted for local agencyapproval and other planning submittals.• Do not place trees near structures that may be damaged by the growing root system. Theseinclude, but are not limited to, overhead utilities and lighting, underground utilities, signage,septic systems, curb/gutter and sidewalks, paved surfaces, building foundations and existing trees.Utilize approved root barriers (deflectors) when trees are planted close to infrastructure, per thelocal permitting agency standards.Existing trees• New landscaping under existing trees must be carefully planned to avoid any grade changes andany excess moisture in trunk area, depending on tree species. Existing plants which arecompatible as to irrigation requirements and which compliment the trees as to color, texture andform are to be saved.• Grade changes greater than six inches within the critical root zone should be avoided. Also, soilcompaction and texture in the drip-line area greatly affect tree survival.Stormwater Quality Design Manual for the Sacramento and South Placer RegionsINT-2 May 2007
Runoff Reduction Control Measure Fact SheetInterceptor TreesExamples of Suitable uses of Interceptor TreesResidential: large and small subdivisions, small-scaledevelopments, located in or out of municipal right-of-way. Thetree pictured is an evergreen Camphor.Commercial: plazas and courtyards, landscape areas inparking lots and road frontages.Industrial: Employee parking lots, entryway features, androad frontages.Parks and Open Space: parking lots, park hardscape areas.VariationsThree types of interceptor trees are discussed in this fact sheet: 1) new evergreen trees, 2) new deciduoustrees, and 3) existing trees.New Evergreen TreesEvergreen trees provide the greatest benefit to water quality. Generally, the larger the tree and the smallerthe leaves, the more rain is intercepted. Further, evergreen trees retain their leaves throughout the rainyseason.New Deciduous TreesSince the interceptor tree’s water quality benefit increases with increasing surface area of leaves andbranches, deciduous trees, which lose their leaves early in the Central Valley’s rainy season, have lessvalue than evergreen trees. However, even deciduous trees contribute to interception and shading, andcredits are applied for inclusion of such trees in site plans.Stormwater Quality Design Manual for the Sacramento and South Placer RegionsMay 2007INT-3
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Stormwater Quality Design Manualfor
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Stormwater Quality Design Manual wa
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Table of contentsOutdoor Work Areas
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Table of contentsSF-1.SF-2.SF-3.SF-
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Other Development Community Reviewe
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1 IntroductionPurposeThis Stormwate
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IntroductionIn July 2003, the permi
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IntroductionFor redevelopment proje
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Introduction• The Appendices prov
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2 An Integrated Approach toEffectiv
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Integrated ApproachIt is also helpf
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Integrated ApproachPut landscaping
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Integrated Approachfactors will be
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Chapter 3Figure 3-1. Process for Ad
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Chapter 3runoff reduction first (ev
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Chapter 3As the name implies (and a
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Chapter 3Step 9: Establish Long Ter
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Chapter 4Source Control Fact Sheets
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Source Control Measure Fact SheetSt
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Technical RequirementsInfiltration
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Runoff Treatment Control Measure Fa
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Technical RequirementsSand FilterSa
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Technical RequirementsVegetated Swa
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Glossaryexposure of construction ma
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GlossaryLow Impact Development (LID
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GlossaryRegional Stormwater Quality
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Appendix ASubmittal RequirementsThe
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Sacramento County Supplemental Appl
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Example Post Construction Stormwate
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Typically maintenance agreements an
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Example Maintenance Covenant(Sacram
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Device in accordance with the maint
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[attach]DECLARANT’S ACKNOWLEGEMEN
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Recorded at the request of:CITY OF
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9. The obligations herein undertake
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EXHIBIT B[Map/Illustration]
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City of FolsomThe City of Folsom ow
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Appendix D-1: Residential Sites: Ru
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Form D-1d: Alternative Driveway Des
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Form D-2a: Disconnected Pavement Wo
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Appendix D-3Runoff Reduction Credit
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These tables refer to runoff reduct
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Mature TreeShape Canopy (dia.) Heig
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Appendix D4LID Credits Background R
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unoff from the driveway by 60% whil
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The designer must determine how man
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Or the ASCE-WEF method (Sacramento)
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Table 3 - Multipliers Based on Rati
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Using the Effective Area Managed in
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SMRC, The Stormwater Manager’s Re
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Flow-based control measure design s
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4. Apply the Rational Formula to ca
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5. Enter the capture curve selected
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1.201.000.80STORAGE (in)0.600.4024-
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1.201.000.80STORAGE (in)0.600.4048
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Subject: VEGETATED SWALE EXAMPLEPLA
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PART II:Routing Excess Runoff throu
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4. Design the OutletThe outlet shou
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Exhibit 1Water Quality Orifice Outl
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3. Calculate Planter Surface Area A
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• Bottom slopes of 0.01 to 0.05%
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Appendix HDrainage Design and Storm
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