THESIS - ROC CH ... - FINAL - resubmission.pdf - University of Guelph

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Tensile Strenght (MPa) 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Machine 0 0.5 1 Concentration (% w/wSPI) Figure 7.3: Tensile Strength of TiO2/SPI blend films Unlike TS, the elasticity in the MD of the hybrid films remained unchanged or decreased with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles (Figure 7.4). At the optimum concentrations for strength increase (0.25% for P90 and 0.5% for P25), the EM was similar to that of the control specimen. However, at concentrations away from this optimum, the resulting EM decreased to minimums of 77.92 ± 8.53 MPa and 84.06 ± 9.27 MPa for P25 and P90 respectively. In contrast, for the TD, the addition of TiO2 at the similar optimum loadings revealed an increase compared to the control reaching maximum of 88.77 ± 5.66 MPa and 84.69 ± 24.23 MPa for P25 and P90 respectively. Concentrations away from this optimum revealed E’s with comparable values to that of the control specimen. 96 Transverse p25 p90 0 0.5 1 Concentration (% w/wSPI)
Modulus of Elasticity (MPa) 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 Machine 0 0.5 1 Concentration (% w/wSPI) Figure 7.4: Modulus of Elasticity of TiO2/SPI blend films Elongation results are displayed in Figure 7.5. Optimum concentrations for P25 were not similar to the previous findings. In the MD, EAB was greatest at 0.25% but was still insignificant compared to the control SPI. In the TD, all additions of TiO2 type P25 had insignificant effects on EAB. For P90, the maximum EAB was seen at a concentration of 0.25% for both MD and TD. These results however are insignificant compared to control. Nonetheless, it should be noted that the material was not more brittle even though TS was increased at the same concentration of 0.25%. At 1%, it can be seen that EAB decreased in the MD. This supports the theory of aggregated TiO2 particles which cause discontinuity within the protein matrix leading to premature failure. 97 Transverse 0 0.5 1 Concentration (% w/wSPI) p25 p90
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A Study on the Extrusion of Soy Pro
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My research would
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4.3.9 Statistical Analysis.........
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Compariso
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Figure 5.2: Light optical microscop
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1.0 INTRODUCTION The production of
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einforcement material. Research int
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via centrifugation into four fracti
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zones are synonymous to feeding, tr
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Ralston (2008) investigated the ext
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onding between hydroxyl groups and
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Table 2.2: Summary of cellulose par
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through the use of enzymes have pro
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matrix such as soy protein (Wang et
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4) Explore the extraction process f
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4.3 METHODS 4.3.1 SAMPLE PREPARATIO
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a Figure 4.2: a) Schematic of extru
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length at break by the initial grip
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4.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.4.1 SP
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Further experiments were carried ou
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Figure 4.5: Film with rough texture
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extrusion screw to continuously bre
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stopped which fixes the spherical s
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4.4.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Mechani
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Elongation at break (%) Figure 4.10
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Table 4.5: Water vapor permeability
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4.4.5 FTIR ANALYSIS The main absorb
Page 55 and 56: 4.4.6 CONCLUSION The extrusion of S
Page 57 and 58: 5.3 METHODS 5.3.1 CELLULOSE EXTRACT
Page 59 and 60: For mechanical treatments, the obta
Page 61 and 62: initial soy biomass; SNF and SMF. T
Page 63 and 64: compiled by Moon et al. (2011), thi
Page 65 and 66: RSH: 5min HPH: 20 passes, 4000 - 60
Page 67 and 68: SMF micrographs, the presence of fi
Page 69 and 70: process as described. However, it m
Page 71 and 72: a peak at 22.6° is representative
Page 73 and 74: chemical and mechanical treatment h
Page 75 and 76: 6.3 METHODS 6.3.1 SAMPLE PREPARATIO
Page 77 and 78: 6.3.3 FILM CONDITIONING Similar to
Page 79 and 80: increased in size. At fiber concent
Page 81 and 82: 6.4.2 MORPHOLOGY AND STRUCTURE Due
Page 83 and 84: SEM images of the cryo-fractured su
Page 85 and 86: Table 6.1: Mechanical properties of
Page 87 and 88: cellulose and SPI. This high interf
Page 89 and 90: concentrations at isolated sites. A
Page 91 and 92: Similar to Section 4.4.5, dominatin
Page 93 and 94: Further analysis of the Amide II ba
Page 95 and 96: specimens that have been cryo-crush
Page 97 and 98: crushing. Conversely, this could al
Page 99 and 100: 7.0 EXPLORATORY WORK WITH TIO 2 NAN
Page 101 and 102: 7.3.2 COMPOUNDING AND EXTRUSION Com
Page 103 and 104: smaller size of P90, the ability to
Page 105: Table 7.1: Mechanical Strength of T
Page 109 and 110: (21 nm) particle was seen to have a
Page 111 and 112: 7.4.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TIO2
Page 113 and 114: Tensile Strenght (MPa) 12 11 10 9 8
Page 115 and 116: Modulus of Elasticity (MPa) 200 180
Page 117 and 118: 8.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 119 and 120: The viability of introducing a comp
Page 121 and 122: acting as a coupling agent for furt
Page 123 and 124: Cherian BM, Leao AL, Souza SFD, Tho
Page 125 and 126: Kacurakova M, Capek P, Sasinkova V,
Page 127 and 128: Pääkkö M, Ankerfors M, Kosonen H
Page 129: Wang N, Ding E, Cheng R (2008) Prep
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THESIS - ROC CH ... - FINAL - resubmission.pdf - University of Guelph

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