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Hon’ble Mr Justice Peter S. Shivute, ChiefJustice of the Republic of Namibia beingpresented with a bouquet at the airportcauses. In this regard, the process of making of the Framework Convention on TobaccoControl is illustrative.The role to be played by international fora and international organs, such as the GeneralAssembly and indeed the United Nations Organization, the World Trade Organization,and many more, should therefore be augmented in every possible way. The aspirationsembodied in the Charter of the United Nations remain as relevant today as they were in1945: ‘to maintain international peace and security’, ‘to develop friendly relations amongnations’, ‘to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of aneconomic, social , cultural or humanitarian character’.In the attainment of these goals, it is clear that the role of the International Court ofJustice is pivotal, and can act as an instrument of international peace and security, if, and only if, the nations of the world canmaturely submit to it. For as some have put it, ‘the place and role of unilateralism in contemporary international law’ hasbecome restricted.However, the International Court of Justice must be reigns-free, and not restricted and hampered by political interferencein determining the matters placed before it. It must be “free in its decisions and the master of its own reasoning and ‘anylimitation whatever on this point would run counter to the principle of judicial independence.’ ”As judicial officers of our national judiciaries, tasked with interpreting, and dare I say judicial law making, we too share thatresponsibility to ensure that the tomorrow we prepare for the generations ahead of us, is one of an orderly, well thoughtlegal order at the international and national levels, relevant not only today, but in their time as well. Our rulings should becapable of guiding the legislators in applying their minds to the concerns beyond the expediency which they find themselvesin, a common denominator in shortcuts as alternative to the correct way of doing things, and the raison d’être of judicialreview processes.I thank the organizers of this Conference, and congratulate them in having assembled such prestigious a congregation, andhope that indeed, with them, and through them, the time for an enforceable international law may indeed become reality.In conclusion, I stumbled upon the following commanding phrase from a robust legal mind which inspired me as I waspreparing this short paper:“The idea of international society, the society of the whole human race and thesociety of all societies, take its place at last, centuries late, within human selfconsciousness,and international law finds its place at last, centuries late, withinthe self-constituting of international society; that is to say, as an essential part ofthe self-creating and the self-perfecting species.”For us Africans, the idea of a united Africa, weaned off the bygone era of the Organizationof African Unity, only now attempts to stand poised on the will of the African people,exercised through the democratic African Union, an institution we are proud and preparedto mould as our contribution to global unity, and global diversity.We hold the African Union, as our hope for a brighter future for African sons and daughters,of a continent and a world of justice, underpinned by democracy and the rule of law, atnational and also international planes. Equally, we yearn for a United Nations Organizationthat can propel us into a day where all peoples of the world live as members of a globalizedvillage.I thank you.Hon’ble Mr Justice Peter S. Shivute,Chief Justice of the Republic ofNamibia at the Conference--24--
5th International Conference of Chief Justices of the WorldAddress byHis Excellency Khammy SayavongThe President of the People’s Supreme Court of the Lao PDROn behalf of the delegation of the People’s Supreme Court of the Lao PDR, I would liketo thank a lot the Government of India as well as all people in Lucknow and especiallyMr. Jagdish Gandhi Manager of City Montessori School and Convener of this Conferencefor giving me the second opportunity to attend the 5th International Conference of ChiefJustices of the World on Article 51 (c) of the Indian Constitution on the theme’ EnforceableInternational law is the IDEA Whose Time Has Come’ and also to visit the city of Lucknowas well.Lao People Democratic Republic is located in the Southeast Asia and border to 5 countriessuch as Myanmar, China, Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand. The territory of the countryis 236800 km and is land locked country.His Excellency Khammy Sayavong, ThePresident of the People’s Supreme Courtof the Lao PDR addressing the ConferenceThe country is divided in 16 Provinces, I Special Zone and Vientiane Capital, 141 Districts and 11,564 villages. The capitalis Vientiane Capital. Population of Lao PDR has approximately 5,400,000 people according to the statistics in 2002, thecalculation of birth about 2.4% per year; around 21 people is living per 1 km and 85% of population is living in countryside.Since 18th Century the territory of Laos suffered incursions and colonised by many aggressors. The story of the LaoHeroics was fighting against aggressors all along for peace, Independence and on December 2nd, 1975 the Lao PeopleDemocratic Republic (Lao PDR) was established. After nearly 30 years Lao People Democratic Republic is having thePeace, Independence, Democracy, the economic development and social stability and has developed step by step.In 1989 the legal development was also required to draft laws because the economic mechanisms were required forreforms. The country has opened the door for foreign investment, so internal regulation must be changed too. The 1stConstitution of the Lao PDR was drafted and adopted by People’s Supreme Assembly and promulgated by the Presidentof State on 15 August 1991. Until now 54 laws were adopt by National Assembly and promulgated by the President ofState (including the Constitution).According to the International Law and the policy of government of the Lao PDR which stipulated in the Article 12 ofConstitution that, ‘the Lao People’s Democratic Republic pursues a foreign policy of peace, independence, friendshipand cooperation; and promotes relations and cooperation with all countries based on the principles of peaceful coexistence;respect for each other’s independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity; non-interference in each other’s internal affairs;equality and mutual benefit. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic supports the struggle of the world people for peace,national independence, democracy and social progress.The Lao People’s Democratic Republic is a party to and signed International Conventions such as:Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC);International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR);International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD);Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and other Conventions.Now the National Assembly of Lao People’s Democratic Republic is prepared for ratification of two Conventions such as:International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, andInternational Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights which signed in year 2000.However, the Lao PDR has the peaceful and political stability, the economy growing up step by step and is doing well in--25--
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of the UN University said, security
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