promot<strong>in</strong>g relationship with foreign countries, but many <strong>of</strong> people around <strong>the</strong> World areprone to violence by <strong>the</strong> power <strong>of</strong> aggressors and are at <strong>the</strong> br<strong>in</strong>k <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Wars; manypeople are liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> poverty, lack <strong>of</strong> food and education, especi<strong>all</strong>y <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> countries affectedby Human Rights violation and terrorist attacks.Of course <strong>all</strong> <strong>of</strong> people have <strong>the</strong> rights to protection from <strong>the</strong> war based on Internation<strong>all</strong>aws and need to promote <strong>the</strong> relationship and cooperation with <strong>all</strong> countries by pr<strong>in</strong>ciples<strong>of</strong> peaceful coexistence, respect for each o<strong>the</strong>r’s <strong>in</strong>dependence, sovereignty and territorialHis Excellency Khammy SAYA VONG,<strong>in</strong>tegrity, non-<strong>in</strong>terference <strong>in</strong> each o<strong>the</strong>r’s <strong>in</strong>ternal affairs. This Conference <strong>of</strong> <strong>Chief</strong> <strong>Justices</strong>The President <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> People’s SupremeCourt <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Lao PDR be<strong>in</strong>g presented <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> World will pave <strong>the</strong> way to promote International Laws Enforcement and everyone,with <strong>the</strong> Conference Mementoevery country, must respect for each o<strong>the</strong>r’s <strong>in</strong>dependence, sovereignty, so that <strong>in</strong> timesto come a justice and peace to <strong>all</strong> <strong>of</strong> people can be ensured especi<strong>all</strong>y for safety to children and women <strong>all</strong> over <strong>the</strong> World.The National Assembly <strong>of</strong> Lao PDR is authorized to adopt national laws and ratify <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational convention to beenforced <strong>in</strong> Lao PDR. For draft<strong>in</strong>g laws procedure <strong>in</strong> Lao PDR, <strong>the</strong> Government also pay <strong>the</strong> attention for consideration<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> national law keep<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> view <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational law for ensur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> rights and <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>of</strong> people. I see that <strong>the</strong> Article12 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Constitution <strong>of</strong> Lao PDR and <strong>the</strong> Article 51 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Constitution <strong>of</strong> INDIA are <strong>the</strong> same based on <strong>the</strong> aim <strong>of</strong> peace,safety by <strong>the</strong> laws.On <strong>the</strong> conclusion <strong>of</strong> my speech, I believe that <strong>the</strong> work for peace and safety for people is not easy to do, so I would liketo require for everyone to actively cooperate fight<strong>in</strong>g for peace and justice for children and <strong>all</strong> <strong>of</strong> people. I believe that, <strong>the</strong>experiences from this conference will create a better climate from which we <strong>all</strong> will be benefited. Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, I alsoconsider that this conference is a symbol for improv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> cooperation between us for fight<strong>in</strong>g aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>all</strong> k<strong>in</strong>d <strong>of</strong> crimes andfor Enforceable International laws <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> future.I wish great success to <strong>the</strong> conference and happ<strong>in</strong>ess to you <strong>all</strong> <strong>Chief</strong> <strong>Justices</strong>.CMS students <strong>in</strong> a procession aga<strong>in</strong>st genocide <strong>in</strong> Rwanda <strong>in</strong> 1994--26--
5 th International Conference <strong>of</strong> <strong>Chief</strong> <strong>Justices</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> WorldAddress byHon’ble Mr Justice S.A. Brobbey<strong>Chief</strong> Justice <strong>of</strong> GambiaThis <strong>the</strong>me ‘Enforceable International Law is <strong>the</strong> idea whose time has come’ is to beconsidered <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> light <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g outrageously frighten<strong>in</strong>g publication on <strong>the</strong> stockpile<strong>of</strong> nuclear warheads conta<strong>in</strong>ed at page four <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>vitation to <strong>Chief</strong> <strong>Justices</strong>. It reads asfollows:“Our Heritage — a Legacy <strong>of</strong> Our Elders!We, <strong>the</strong> children <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> world, are receiv<strong>in</strong>g as a legacy from our elders, a massivenuclear stockpile <strong>of</strong> nearly 36,000 warheads.USA has 12,070 warheads, range anywhere <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> world; Russia has 22,500 warheads,range 11,000 kms.; France has 500, warheads, range 5,300 kms.; Ch<strong>in</strong>a has 450, range11,000 kms.; UK has 380, range 12,000 kms.; India has 65, range 2,500 kms. and Pakistan has 25 range 1,500 kms.In addition, about 80 countries have developed and stockpiled deadly chemical and biological weapons. No nation has<strong>the</strong> technical know-how nor enough money <strong>of</strong> destroy<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>se weapons <strong>of</strong> mass destruction. Experts say thattwenty times more money will be required to destroy a bomb than was spent <strong>in</strong> its manufacture and that just one percent <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> exist<strong>in</strong>g nuclear stockpile is sufficient to obliterate <strong>all</strong> life on earth.”The children have <strong>the</strong> right to ask, and will cont<strong>in</strong>ue to ask: What are we do<strong>in</strong>g to ourselves and cont<strong>in</strong>ue to do for ourselvesby hoard<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>se warheads fully conscious <strong>of</strong> how lethal <strong>the</strong>y are and can be?This publication is sufficient demonstration that <strong>the</strong> whole world is liv<strong>in</strong>g on borrowed times or sitt<strong>in</strong>g on time bombs. Thesole reason why we are <strong>all</strong> alive and are here today is that those <strong>in</strong> control <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bombs have not decided that it is time for<strong>the</strong>m to use <strong>the</strong> bombs. When <strong>the</strong>y decide that <strong>the</strong> time is up, one bomb is sufficient to annihilate <strong>all</strong> <strong>of</strong> us. If one per centis enough to obliterate life on earth, <strong>the</strong>n it is obvious that mank<strong>in</strong>d has very little or no chance <strong>of</strong> survival when any <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>seis unleashed onto <strong>the</strong> world.The significant po<strong>in</strong>t that needs to be drummed <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> heads <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se nuclear powers is that when <strong>the</strong>re isnuclear warfare <strong>the</strong>y, as much as those without nuclear arms, are doomed to perish.What salvation is <strong>the</strong>re for mank<strong>in</strong>d and our children? It is <strong>the</strong> world community where<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>se arms are harboredand controlled that can provide <strong>the</strong> salvation and sanctuary for mank<strong>in</strong>d and <strong>the</strong> children we have by our actions brought<strong>in</strong>to this world. That community can function only by <strong>in</strong>ternational law that is enforceable by <strong>the</strong> members with<strong>in</strong> thatcommunity for those members and aga<strong>in</strong>st those members who prove to be recalcitrant.It has to be emphasized that <strong>the</strong> issue is not <strong>the</strong> existence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> law or <strong>in</strong>ternational law. We already have <strong>in</strong> existence aplethora <strong>of</strong> laws and <strong>in</strong>ternational laws. What we need is <strong>in</strong>ternational law that can be enforced, i.e. <strong>the</strong> law that is enforceableby <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational community <strong>the</strong>mselves and at <strong>the</strong> same time capable <strong>of</strong> be<strong>in</strong>genforced aga<strong>in</strong>st non-conformist members <strong>of</strong> that <strong>in</strong>ternational community. That is why itshould be said and said aga<strong>in</strong> and aga<strong>in</strong> that enforceable <strong>in</strong>ternational law is <strong>the</strong> idea whosetime has come.Hon’ble Mr Justice S.A. Brobbey, <strong>Chief</strong>Justice <strong>of</strong> Gambia at <strong>the</strong> Conference(extreme left)Hon’ble Mr Justice S.A. Brobbey, <strong>Chief</strong>Justice <strong>of</strong> Gambia address<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>ConferenceThe only solution-Reciprocal respect and protection. What <strong>the</strong>n is <strong>the</strong> salvation for mank<strong>in</strong>dand our children born and unborn? Because those <strong>in</strong> possession <strong>of</strong> nuclear arms areas much at risk as those without <strong>the</strong>m, we <strong>all</strong> must accept to ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>, respect and protectenforceable <strong>in</strong>ternational law.It is <strong>the</strong> desire <strong>of</strong> every one <strong>of</strong> us <strong>in</strong> this world to survive any nuclear holocaust. If weaccept that our only survival lies <strong>in</strong> enforceable <strong>in</strong>ternational law <strong>the</strong>n we <strong>all</strong> have <strong>the</strong> bounden--27--