The Internationalization of Corporate R&D

More documents

Recommendations

Info

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CORPORATE R&Dinnovation systems and the linkages with other companies, public research institutions,universities and standardization bodies, the availability of skilled research and engineersas well as broader government policies on higher education, trade, competition,investment and innovation (see below for an overview of policies).1.1.5 Outline of the ReportThe report presents a number of studies, each with a different approach to analyzingthe internationalization of corporate R&D. The ambition is not to make a comprehensiveand systematic analysis of this phenomenon, but rather to provide a broadoverview with a multi-perspective approach that includes selected countries andindustrial sectors. For example, Chapters 2 and 3 have a global scope, Chapters 5 and6 are sector studies and Chapters 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 and 11 have regional or country perspectives.Some studies are based on secondary sources (Chapters 2 and 3), and empiricaldata analysis (Chapters 4 and 5) while others also employ a qualitative approachusing interviews (Chapters 6 to 11).The next section of Chapter 1 provides an overview of policy responses implementedor considered by different countries to meet the challenges of the internationalizationof corporate R&D.Chapter 2 discusses concepts, measurement issues, global trends and drivers related tothe internationalization of corporate R&D and serves as a background and frameworkfor the chapters that follow. Chapter 3 provides additional insights from the literatureand empirical studies of foreign direct investments, including corporate R&D.In Chapter 4, analysis of the internationalization of corporate R&D in Sweden isbased on survey data, including R&D abroad and foreign-controlled R&D inSweden. The competitiveness challenges for the Swedish information and communicationstechnology (ICT) sector, as a result of increased globalization, is discussed inChapter 5.Corporate innovation strategies and forces driving internationalization in the U.S.pharmaceutical sector are studied in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 describes some of the newglobal networks that companies use to access problem-solvers and technologiesworldwide. The developments in Silicon Valley, in terms of internationalization andthe drive to become a global innovation hub, are studied in Chapter 8.The factors explaining the low level of internationalization of corporate R&D inJapan as well as current trends and driving forces are discussed in Chapter 9. Chinaand India as emerging locations for R&D activities by multinational companies areanalyzed in Chapters 10 and 11.34
THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CORPORATE R&DFinally, in Chapter 12, the main findings and trends from all the studies are summarizedand the challenges for countries are discussed in a forward-looking perspective,with a particular focus on Sweden. The report concludes with a set of issues forSwedish policymakers to consider.1.2 Structuring a Policy Response: An OverviewIt is the general goal of national governments to ensure national competitiveness andlong-term economic growth by, for example, creating the best possible conditions foreconomic activity, employment and industrial renewal. In the context of the internationalizationof corporate R&D, this translates into putting in place framework conditionsthat enable a country or region to benefit fully from globalization while reducingthe potential negative effects.For governments, this means improving the adaptive capacity of the economy and facilitatingrestructuring and transition. The R&D sector itself creates knowledge-intensive employmentopportunities. However, the business activities and new jobs that result fromR&D are of great importance to the national economy and thus to policymakers.Different Types of Policy Measures and InstrumentsThere are a large number of direct and indirect policy measures and instruments forpolicymakers to consider when addressing the issues at hand. A toolbox might includea set of broader policy frameworks and general policies to promote national innovationand economic growth, as well as more specific and targeted policies to specificallyaddress internationalization and offshoring. Analysts point out that a combination ofmeasures must be put together in a coherent and consistent policy approach to be effective.Such an approach requires coordination across different policy areas and policylevels (BEPA 2005). It is important to recognize that the benefits from policy changesmight take a long time to materialize. However, there is also evidence that a region canmake strong progress in a short time.The internationalization of corporate R&D is recognized as an important policy issue inmost OECD countries. A few overviews of policy measures implemented or consideredhave been published recently (see for example OECD 2005c, UNCTAD 2005, GAO2005, TIP 2005, NIFU 2005). Policy surveys and overviews are still incomplete; muchwork remains to establish full understanding of the measures being taken in differentcountries. More systematic mapping of what governments have done and can do torealize the benefits of the internationalization of corporate R&D would facilitate policylearning between countries.35
Page 1: A2006:007The Internationalizationof
Page 4: ITPS, Swedish Institute For Growth
Page 7 and 8: THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CORPORA
Page 11: THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CORPORA
Page 87 and 88:
THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CORPORA
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327:
The Swedish Institute for Growth Po
show all

The Internationalization of Corporate R&D

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?