Essays on the Gita

222 <strong>Essays</strong> on the Gitaitself and sees how it was made, it is obliged to say of man asof the animal, “Nature did this in me, Nature wills in me”, andif it qualifies by saying “my Nature”, that only means “Natureas self-determined in this individual creature”. It was the strongperception of this aspect of existence which compelled the Buddhiststo declare that all is Karma and that there is no self inexistence, that the idea of self is only a delusion of the ego-mind.When the ego thinks “I choose and will this virtuous and notthat evil action”, it is simply associating itself, somewhat likethe fly on the wheel, or rather as might a cog or other part of amechanism if it were conscious, with a predominant wave or aformed current of the sattwic principle by which Nature choosesthrough the buddhi one type of action in preference to another.Nature forms itself in us and wills in us, the Sankhya would say,for the pleasure of the inactive observing Purusha.But even if this extreme statement has to be qualified, andwe shall see hereafter in what sense, still the freedom of ourindividual will, if we choose to give it that name, is very relativeand almost infinitesimal, so much is it mixed up with otherdetermining elements. Its strongest power does not amount tomastery. It cannot be relied upon to resist the strong wave of circumstanceor of other nature which either overbears or modifiesor mixes up with it or at the best subtly deceives and circumventsit. Even the most sattwic will is so overborne or mixed up withor circumvented by the rajasic and tamasic gunas as to be only inpart sattwic, and thence arises that sufficiently strong element ofself-deception, of a quite involuntary and even innocent makebelieveand hiding from oneself which the merciless eye of thepsychologist detects even in the best human action. When wethink that we are acting quite freely, powers are concealed behindour action which escape the most careful self-introspection;when we think that we are free from ego, the ego is there,concealed, in the mind of the saint as in that of the sinner. Whenour eyes are really opened on our action and its springs, we areobliged to say with the Gita “guṇā guṇeṣu vartante”, “it wasthe modes of Nature that were acting upon the modes.”For this reason even a high predominance of the sattwic