A new approach to species delimitation in Septoria - CBS - KNAW

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Verkley et al.Fig. 3. Caryophylloseptoria lychnidis. A. CBS 109098, colony on OA. B. Ibid., on CMA. C. Conidia and conidiogenous cells in planta (CBS 109098). D. Conidia on OA (CBS109098). Scale bars = 10 µm.or (in addition) proliferating sympodially. Conidia cylindrical, straight,curved or flexuous, multiseptate, not or somewhat constrictedaround the septa, hyaline, contents with several oil-droplets andgranular material in each cell.Type species: Caryophylloseptoria lychnidis (Desm.) Verkley,Quaedvlieg & Crous.Caryophylloseptoria lychnidis (Desm.) Verkley, Quaedvlieg& Crous, comb. nov. MycoBank MB804470. Fig. 3.Basionym: Septoria lychnidis Desm., Annls Sci. Nat., sér. 3, Bot.11: 347. 1849.For extended synonymy see Shin & Sameva (2004).Description in planta: Symptoms leaf spots circular, whitish to paleyellow, surrounded by a brown border; Conidiomata pycnidial,epiphyllous, several in each leaf spot, globose to subglobose, darkbrown, semi-immersed, 50–100(–120) µm diam; ostiolum central,initially circular, 25–45 µm wide, later more irregular and up to100 µm wide, surrounding cells concolorous or somewhat darker;conidiomatal wall 10–20µm thick, composed of textura angulariswithout distinctly differentiated layers, the cells 3–5 µm diam,the outer cells with brown, somewhat thickened walls, the innercells with hyaline and thinner walls; Conidiogenous cells hyaline,cylindrical and tapering gradually towards the apex, or narrowlyampulliform with a relatively wide and long neck, holoblastic,proliferating percurrently 1–many times with indistinct annellations,rarely also proliferating sympodially, 6–17.5(–22) × 3–4(–5) µm.Conidia cylindrical, straight, more often slightly curved or flexuous,with a narrowly to broadly rounded, sometimes more distinctlypointed apex, towards the broadly truncate base barely attenuated,(0–)3–5(–7)-septate, not constricted around the septa, hyaline,contents with several oil-droplets and minute granular material ineach cell in the living state, with inconspicuous oil-droplets andgranular contents in the rehydrated state, (22–)39–75(–85) × 2–3µm (rehydrated). Sexual morph unknown.Description in vitro: Colonies on OA (3–)4–6 mm diam in 12 d (7–11mm in 3 wk), with an even, pure yellow to straw, glabrous margin,the pigment diffusing into the surrounding medium; coloniesspreading, but in the centre quite distinctly elevated, immersedmycelium pure yellow to straw, later locally citrine-green or citrine;after 10–15 d darkened by numerous immersed or superficialpycnidia arranged in random patterns, the outer wall of thesuperficial pycinidia entirely covered by white to glaucous hyphae,tardily releasing initially buff to straw, later salmon conidial slime;reverse pure yellow, but centre olivaceous and citrine to greenisholivaceous after 3 wk. After incubation over about 7 wk olivaceousblacksectors become visible in the colony consisting mostly ofimmersed strands of dark-walled hyphae, alternating with yellowsectors; some colonies develop wider sectors that remain yellowabove, but more ochreous on reverse. Colonies on CMA 4–6 mmdiam in 12 d (9–12 mm in 3 wk), as on OA, but sporulating earlier.Colonies on MEA 2–4 mm diam in 12 d (5–7(–9) mm in 3 wk; 17–24mm in 7 wk), with an even to ruffled, colourless to buff, glabrousmargin; no diffusing pigment seen; colonies restricted, irregularlypustulate up to 3 mm high, the surface dark, blackish or chestnut,covered by a short, dense mat of white to glaucous-grey, after 7wk straw to pale yellow, aerial mycelium; conidiomata releasingdroplets, later larger masses of first whitish, then salmon conidialslime; reverse brown-vinaceous in the centre, surrounded by hazelor cinnamon areas. Colonies on CHA 4.5 mm diam in 3 wk (24 mmin 7 wk); colony as on MEA, but the surface almost entirely hiddenunder a dense mat of woolly, white aerial mycelium, locally with apure yellow to straw haze which later becomes more intense, anda yellowish pigment diffusing into the surrounding medium; reverse234
A new approach to species delimitation in SeptoriaFig. 4. Caryophylloseptoria silenes. A–C. Colonies CBS 109100. A. On OA. B. On CHA. C. On MEA. D. Conidia and conidiogenous cells in planta (CBS H-21160). E. Ibid., onOA (CBS 109100). F–G. Conidia on OA (CBS 109100). Scale bars = 10 µm.umber to sienna; densely aggregated superficial conidiomata in thecentre releasing masses of amber to pale salmon conidial slime.Conidiomata pycnidial, as in planta, but somewhat larger, 70–145µm diam, mostly single, sometimes merged into complexes,without differentiated ostiolum; conidiogenous cells as in planta,proliferating percurrently with distinct annellations or sympodially,8.5–25 × 3.5–6 µm; conidia cylindrical, straight, slightly curved orflexuous, with a rounded apex, lower part barely attenuated intoa broad truncate base, (0–)1–5-septate, not constricted aroundthe septa, hyaline, with several oil-droplets and minute granularmaterial in each cell, (44–)77–94.5 × (2–)2.5–3 µm.Hosts: Lychnis spp. and Silene spp. (incl. Melandrium).Material examined: Austria, Tirol, Inntal, near Telfs, on living leaves of Silenepratensis (syn. M. album), 4 Aug. 2000, G. Verkley 1047, CBS H-21161, livingculture CBS 109098, 109102; same loc., host, date, G. Verkley 1048, CBS H-21162,living culture CBS 109099, 109101; Netherlands, Hilversum, on living leaves ofSilene dioica (syn. Melandrium rubrum), 22 June 1985, H.A. van der Aa 9524, CBSH-18112.Notes: This fungus has been reported from several species ofLychnis and Silene (including Melandrium), and the size rangesof conidia given by various authors differ considerably. In theoriginal description by Desmazières, the fungus was characterisedas having 5–7-septate conidia, measuring 50–70 ×2.5–3 µm, inwidely opening pycnidia. Diedicke (1915) gave the same sporemeasurements, but Grove (1935) reported 30–50 × 2–3 µm, whileJørstad (1965) gave different ranges on different hosts (overallextremes 27–72 × 2–3 µm). Radulescu et al. (1973) reported 30–76× 2.2–3.3 µm, and Vanev et al. (1997) 26–93.5 × 1.5–3.2 µm. Thecharacters of the Austrian material studied here generally agreewell with previous records, and the range of conidial sizes agreesbest with that given by Vanev et al. (1997). The authors cited abovehave listed various names as synonyms of S. lychnidis, includingS. lychnidis var. pusilla (= S. pusilla). Two strains isolated fromLychnis cognata in South Korea (CBS 128614, 128630) first alsoidentitifed as S. lychnidis, were shown by sequence analyses tobelong to a distinct species, for which the name C. pseudolychnidisis introduced by Quaedvlieg et al. (2013).Caryophylloseptoria silenes (Westend.) Verkley,Quaedvlieg & Crous, comb. nov. MycoBank MB804471.Fig. 4.Basionym: Septoria silenes Westend., in Westendorp & Wallays,Herb. crypt. Belge, Fasc. 19, no 955. 1854; Bull. Acad. R. Belg. Cl.Sci., Sér. 2, 2: 575. 1857.Description in planta: Symptoms leaf spots circular or elliptical,pale yellow to pale brown, surrounded by a dark purplish border;Conidiomata pycnidial, amphigenous but predominately epiphyllous,numerous in each leaf spot, globose to subglobose, immersed,www.studiesinmycology.org235
Page 1 and 2: Studies in Mycology 75: 213-305.A n
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Page 18 and 19: Verkley et al.CaryophyllaceaeRutace
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Page 38 and 39: Verkley et al.wk (15-18 mm in 7 wk)
Page 40 and 41: Verkley et al.Conidiomata simple or
Page 42 and 43: Verkley et al.Fig. 16. Septoria cuc
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Page 46 and 47: Verkley et al.Baarnsche bos, ex lea
Page 48 and 49: Verkley et al.Septoria galeopsidis
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Page 52 and 53: Verkley et al.Fig. 23. Septoria lac
Page 54 and 55: Verkley et al.much more profound di
Page 56 and 57: Verkley et al.Fig. 26. Septoria lyc
Page 58 and 59: Verkley et al.Fig. 27. Septoria lys
Page 60 and 61: Verkley et al.to very dark dull gre
Page 62 and 63: Verkley et al.Fig. 30. Septoria nap
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Verkley et al.Fig. 41. Septoria urt
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Verkley et al.ampulliform to almost
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Verkley et al.Notes: The type mater
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