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NPNF2-08. Basil: Letters and Select Works - Holy Bible Institute

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Introduction.STI <strong>Basil</strong>ii Exameron, ?eet Is Be Godes Six Daga Weorcvm.“L’Hexaméron,” writes Fialon, “est l’explication de l’œuvre des six jours, explicationsouvent tentée avant et après Saint <strong>Basil</strong>e. ‘Il n’est personne parmi les hommes, disaitThéophile d’Antioche au deuxième siècle, qui puisse dignement faire le récit et exposertoute l’ecomomie de l’œuvre des six jours; eût il mille bouches et mille langues….Beaucoupd’ecrivains ont tente ce récit; ils ont pris pour sujet, les uns la création du monde, les autresl’origine de l’homme, et peut-être n’ont ils pas fait jaillir une étincelle qui fût digne de lavérité.’ 1362 Nous ne pouvons savoir ce que fut l’Hexaméron de Saint Hippolyte et nous nesavons guère qu’une chose de celui d’Origène: c’est qu’il dénaturait completement le récitmosaïque et n’y voyait que des allégories. L’Hexaméron de Saint <strong>Basil</strong>e, par la pureté de ladoctrine et la beauté du style, fit disparaitre tous ceux qui l’avaient précéde.” 1363 So, too,bishop Fessler. “Sapienter, pie, et admodum eloquenter istæ homilæ confectæ sunt; quædamexplicationes physicæ profecto juxta placita scientiæ illius ætatis dijudic<strong>and</strong>æ sunt.” 1364On the other h<strong>and</strong> the prominence of the “scientiæ illius ætatis” is probably the reason whythe Hexæmeron has received from adverse critics less favour than it deserves. “Diese letztern,”i.e. the Homilies in question, says Böhringer, “erlangten im Alterthum eine ganzunverdiente Berühmtheit….Die Art, wie <strong>Basil</strong> seine Aufgabe löste, ist diese; er nimmt diemosaische Erzählung von der Schöpfung Vers für Vers vor, erklärt sie von dem naturhistorischenSt<strong>and</strong>punkt seiner Zeit aus, wobei er Gelegenheit nimmt, die Ansichten der griechischenPhilosophen von der Weltschöpfung u. s. w. zu widerlegen, und schliesst dann mitmoralischer und religiöser Nutz<strong>and</strong>wendung, um den Stoff auch für Geist und Herz seinerZuhörer fruchtbar zu machen. Es braucht indess kaum bemerkt zu werden, dass vomnaturwissenschaftlichen wie exegetischen St<strong>and</strong>punkt unserer Zeit diese Arbeit wenig Werthmehr hat.” The Three Cappadocians, p. 61. But in truth the fact that <strong>Basil</strong> is not ahead ofthe science of his time is not to his discredit. It is to his credit that he is abreast with it; <strong>and</strong>this, with the exception of his geography, he appears to be. Of him we may say, as Bp.Lightfoot writes of St. Clement, in connexion with the crucial instance of the Phœnix, “itappears that he is not more credulous than the most learned <strong>and</strong> intelligent heathen writersof the preceding <strong>and</strong> following generations.” He reads the Book of Genesis in the light ofthe scientific knowledge of his age, <strong>and</strong> in the amplification <strong>and</strong> illustration of <strong>Holy</strong> Scriptureby the supposed aid of this supposed knowledge, neither he nor his age st<strong>and</strong>s alone. Latercenturies may possibly not accept all the science of the XIXth.521362 Theophilus of Antioch, ii. Ad Autolycum.1363 Étude sur St. <strong>Basil</strong>e, 296.1364 Inst. Pat., Ed. B. Jungmann 1890.252

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