Hawaii FEP - Western Pacific Fishery Council

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Cliffton K., D. Cornejo, R., and Felger. 1982. Sea turtles of the Pacific coast of Mexico. In K.Bjorndal (Ed.), Biology and conservation of sea turtles (pp. 199–209). Washington, DC:Smithsonian Institution Press.Clark, A. and D. Gulko. 1999. Hawaii's State of the Reefs Report, 1998. Report to theDepartment of Land and Natural Resources. Honolulu, Hawaii.Clarke, R. 1989. Annual report of the 1988 western Pacific lobster fishery. NMFS SWFSCHonolulu Laboratory Administrative Report H-89-5.Clarke, R. and S. Pooley. 1987. An Economic Analysis of Lobster Fishing Vessel Performancein the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. NOAA Tech. Memo NMFS-SWFC-106. U.S.Dept. of Commerce. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southwest Fisheries ScienceCenter.Cobb, J. 1902. Commercial fisheries of the Hawaiian Islands. Extracted from the U.S.Fish Commission Report for 1901, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.Coles, R. and J. Kuo. 1995. Seagrasses. In: Marine and Coastal Biodiversity in theTropical Island Pacific Region, Volume 1, Systematics and Information ManagementPriorities. J.E. Maragos, M.N. Peterson, L.C. Eldredge, J.E. Bardach, and H.F. Takeuchi.Editors. East-West Center Honolulu. 39-57.Colin, P.L., D.M Devaney, L. Hills-Colinvaux, T.H. Suchanek, and J.T. Harrison, III. 1986.Geology and biological zonation of the reef slope, 50-360 m depth at Enewetak Atoll,Marshall Islands. Bull Mar. Sci. 38(1):111-128.Crosby M.P. and E.S. Reese. 1996. A Manual for Monitoring Coral Reefs with IndicatorSpecies: Butterflyfishes as Indicators of Change on Indo Pacific Reefs. Silver Spring,MD: Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, NOAA. 45 pp.Dalzell, P. 1996. Catch rates, selectivity and yields of reef fishing. In N.V.C. Polunin and C.Roberts (Eds.), Tropical reef fisheries (pp. 161–192). London: Chapman and Hall:London.Dalzell, P. and T. Adams. 1997. Sustainability and management of reef fisheries in the PacificIslands. Proceedings of the Eighth International Coral Reef Symposium, 2027–2032.Dalzell, P., T.J.H. Adams, and N.V.C. Polunin. 1996. Coastal fisheries in the Pacific islands.Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. 34:395–531.Dam, R. and C. Diez. 1997a. Diving behavior on immature hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelysimbricata) in a Caribbean reef habitat. Coral Reefs.16:133–138.Dam, R. and C. Diez. 1997b. Predation by hawksbill turtles on sponges at Mona Island, PuertoRico. Proceedings of Eighth International Coral Reef Symposium, Vol. 2, 1412–1426.244
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Fishery Ecosystem Plan for the Hawa
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successful management of marine eco
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TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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8.2.4 Fishery Data Requirements....
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1: Western Pa
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FRFA: Final Regulatory Flexibility
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DEFINITIONSAdaptive Management: A p
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Fishery: One or more stocks of fish
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Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIA):
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1.1 Introduc
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The EPAP (1999) reached consensus t
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EPAP’s 1999 report to Congress re
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Objective 7: To promote the safety
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Scientific Name English Common Name
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Family Name Scientific Name English
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Scientific Name English Common Name
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as two additional members (fisherme
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1.7.2 Community Groups and Projects
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2. Ke kahea (proper introduction or
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CHAPTER 2: TOPICS IN ECOSYSTEM APPR
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ensuring long-term sustainability b
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ecosystem in order to implement eff
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issues. One alternative would be to
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The community program of the Counci
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denser than the continental portion
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hydrogen sides and a negative charg
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Figure 5: Depth Profile of Ocean Zo
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southern boundary of the Subartic F
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Near the equator, intense solar hea
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The Caroline Islands (~850 square m
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(~436 square miles) and Savai`i (~6
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and include fish, mollusks, crustac
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Figure 10: Benthic EnvironmentSourc
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eefs are often too slow to keep up
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factors, control coral reef communi
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Kauai: Kauai is the oldest and wett
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A major portion of the primary prod
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parts of banks may be composed of r
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size of the reef area surveyed, bas
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The families of bottomfish and seam
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the mesopelagic community migration
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Physical and biological oceanograph
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Migratory routes of leatherback tur
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seem to have a more carnivorous die
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turtles outnumber adults 100:1. The
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Humpback whales migrate through wat
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The 2004 U.S. Pacific Marine Mammal
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Historically, the short-tailed alba
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Table 9: Hawaii’s “Export” In
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Cost of Living Analysis: Ratio of H
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annual fishery ex-vessel revenues o
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State catch reports reporting their
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1200(1000 lbs)100080060040020001986
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sources have been used to assess by
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Protected Species InteractionsThe 1
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• Killer whale (Orcinus orca)•
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levels for all fisheries, and a pro
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annually) to meet the FMP’s overf
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4.2.4 Bottomfish MSYA 2009 report b
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is not recorded by NMFS, dockside r
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percentage of the total catch if me
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4.3.3 Status of Crustaceans Fishery
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maneuverable tools to harvest indiv
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• Dall’s porpoise (Phocoenoides
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MSYs for the Makapuu Established Be
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3. A moratorium on gold coral harve
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2,000,000$2,500,0001,800,0001,600,0
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estrictions for sale or for capture
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Seine nets are actively deployed ar
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4.5.3 Status of Coral Reef Fisherie
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commercial harvests of the “red f
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commercial catches and to count the
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The National Standard Guidelines fo
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Source: Restrepo et al. 1998In Figu
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from having fallen below MSST. In t
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vessel that landed at least 6,000lb
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By June 30 of each year, a Council-
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In addition to the thresholds MFMT
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The best information available is u
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More recently, PIFSC published a st
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The fishery management area for the
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Hawaii. In addition, the holder of
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5.4.6 Closed SeasonsLobster fishing
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was related to the lobster fishery,
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ecommendation of Restrepo et al. (1
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Figure 22: Combination of Control R
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cm) from the top surface of the liv
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Table 25: Estimates of MSY of Preci
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5.6.2 NotificationAny special permi
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Clearly, any given species that is
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Weke CPUE120100Pounds per record806
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1948-1952 aggregate 1995-1999 aggre
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CHAPTER 6: IDENTIFICATION AND DESCR
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eviewing and refining EFH designati
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The eggs and larvae of all BMUS are
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juvenile and adult spiny lobster is
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Instead, the Council designated the
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Species Ma La Es SB Ss Cr/Hs Pr Sz
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Species Ma La Es SB Ss Cr/Hs Pr Sz
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Table 30: Occurrence of Currently H
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Table 31: Summary of EFH Designatio
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Species Assemblage/Complex EFH (Egg
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Page 218 and 219: The relatively long pelagic larval
Page 220 and 221: BottomfishandSeamountGroundfishSpec
Page 222 and 223: Table 35: Coral Reef Ecosystem HAPC
Page 224 and 225: necessary at this time. However, th
Page 226 and 227: Table 36: Threats to Coral Reefs in
Page 228 and 229: • Biological availability of toxi
Page 230 and 231: 9. The best land management practic
Page 232 and 233: maximum extent possible. Sampling d
Page 234 and 235: Coral Reef Ecosystem Species• The
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Page 238 and 239: island society. Rapid changes in th
Page 240 and 241: The Council is serving as a role mo
Page 242 and 243: CHAPTER 8: CONSISTENCY WITH APPLICA
Page 244 and 245: Table 38: Bycatch Reporting Methodo
Page 246 and 247: The measures in this FEP are consis
Page 248 and 249: MUSEFH(Juveniles and Adults)EFH(Egg
Page 250 and 251: The management and conservation mea
Page 252 and 253: deterrence provisions set forth in
Page 254 and 255: conservation measures to proceed. I
Page 256 and 257: CHAPTER 9: STATE, LOCAL AND OTHER F
Page 258 and 259: when on June 15, 2006, President Ge
Page 260 and 261: CHAPTER 10: PROPOSED REGULATIONSIn
Page 262 and 263: Symp. on Sea Turtle Biology and Con
Page 266 and 267: Druffel, E. R. M., Griffin, S., Wit
Page 268 and 269: Pacific. In K. Bjorndal, ed. Biolog
Page 270 and 271: Hodge, R. and B. Wing. 2000. Occurr
Page 272 and 273: Khang S.E. and R.Grigg. 2005. Impac
Page 274 and 275: turtle species known to date. FAO s
Page 276 and 277: NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Ser
Page 278 and 279: Resources of the South Pacific: Inf
Page 280 and 281: Reina, R .D., P. A. Mayor, J. R. Sp
Page 282 and 283: Smith, S.V. 1978. Coral-reef area a
Page 284 and 285: Wakeford, R. 2005. Personal Communi
Page 286: Wilson, R.R., and R.S. Kaufman. 198
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